As filed with the SEC on January 7, 2003
______________________________________________________________________________
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM S-2/A
Amendment No. 2 to Form S-3
REGISTRATION STATEMENT
Under
The Securities Act of 1933
TRI-VALLEY CORPORATION
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware |
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1231 |
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84-0617433 |
(State or jurisdiction of |
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(Primary Standard Industrial |
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(I.R.S. Employer |
5555 Business Park South, Suite 200
Bakersfield, California 93309
661-864-0500
(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code,
of registrant's principal executive offices)
F. Lynn Blystone, President
5555 Business Park South, Suite 200
Bakersfield, California 93309
661-864-0500
(Name, address and telephone number of agent for service)
Copy to:
Lee Polson
Strasburger & Price, LLP
600 Congress Avenue, Suite 2600
Austin, Texas 78701
512-499-3600
(FAX) 512-499-3660
Date of Commencement of Proposed Sale:
As soon as possible after the effective date of this registration statement.
______________________________________________________________________________
If any of the securities being registered on this form are to be offered on a delayed or
continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, check the following box. [X]
If the registrant elects to deliver its latest annual report to security holder, or a complete and legal facsimile thereof,
pursuant to Item 11(a)(1) of this Form, check the following box. [ ]
If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, check the
following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the
same offering. [ ]
If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list
the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier registration statement for the same offering.
[ ]
If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list
the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier registration statement for the same offering.
[ ]
If delivery of the prospectus is expected to be made pursuant to Rule 434, please check the following box.
[ ]
The Registrant amends this Registration Statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the
Registrant files a further amendment which specifically states that this Registration Statement shall thereafter become effective
in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 or until the Registration Statement becomes effective on such date as
the Commission may determine.
PRELIMINARY PROSPECTUS
TRI-VALLEY CORPORATION
Sale of 70,000 Shares of Common Stock
This prospectus relates to 70,000 shares of our common stock that may be offered and sold from time to time by the selling
shareholder. We will not receive any of the proceeds from the sale of the common stock offered by this prospectus. We
will pay the costs of registering these shares under the prospectus, including legal fees. The selling shareholder will pay
any sales commissions incurred in connection with his sales.
Our common stock is traded on the OTC Bulletin Board under the symbol "TRIL."
See Risk Factors beginning on page 1 for a discussion of factors that should be considered by prospective purchasers of
our stock.
These securities have not been approved or disapproved by the Securities and Exchange Commission or any state securities commission
nor has the Securities and Exchange Commission or any state securities commission passed upon the accuracy or adequacy of this
prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
January 7, 2003
TRI-VALLEY CORPORATION
5555 Business Park South, Suite 200
Bakersfield, California 93309
(661) 864-0500
Sale of 70,000 Shares of Common Stock
1. PROSPECTUS SUMMARY
1.1 Tri-Valley
Corporation
We explore, acquire and develop prospective and producing petroleum and precious metals properties. Our petroleum
producing properties and our exploration and development efforts are located primarily in northern California. We own an
undeveloped gold mining claim near Richardson, southeast of Fairbanks, Alaska.
1.2 The Offering
Common stock outstanding on December 23, 2002 |
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19,790,248 (1) |
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Shares offered by selling security holders |
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70,000 |
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Shares outstanding after this offering |
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19,860,248 |
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Percentage of our shares following this offering that are being offered for resale |
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Less than one percent |
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Total proceeds of this offering |
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None |
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Use of proceeds |
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We will not receive any proceeds from the sale of these shares |
(1) Does not include 500,000 shares underlying warrants issued to Swartz Private Equity, LLC in connection with an Investment
Agreement or 2,534,000 shares underlying options currently outstanding and held by our officers, directors and an
ex-employee.
1.3 Summary Financial Information
The table on the following page summarizes our financial information. You should read our financial statements and
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in the accompanying Quarterly Report on Form
10QSB and Annual Report on Form 10-KSB.
Page 1
Summary Financial Information |
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Nine Months Ended |
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2002 |
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2001 |
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2001 |
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2000 |
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1999 |
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1998 |
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1997 |
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(Unaudited) |
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(Unaudited) |
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(Audited) |
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(Audited) |
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(Audited) |
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(Audited) |
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(Audited) |
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Operating Statement Data: |
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Revenues |
$ 4,963,850 |
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$ 1,662,516 |
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$2,130,187 |
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$2,197,369 |
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$ 2,686,129 |
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$ 977,892 |
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$ 915,519 |
Costs and Expenses |
4,516,696 |
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1,518,228 |
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2,248,162 |
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3,564,665 |
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2,664,378 |
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1,987,348 |
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1,389,718 |
Net Income (Loss) |
447,154 |
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144,288 |
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(117,975) |
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(1,367,296) |
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21,751 |
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(1,009,456) |
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(475,799) |
Basic Earnings (Loss) Per Common Share |
$ 0.02 |
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$ 0.01 |
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$ - |
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$ (0.07) |
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$ 0.00 |
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$ (0.05) |
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$ (0.03) |
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Balance Sheet Data: |
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Current Assets |
$ 2,496,375 |
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$ 814,037 |
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$1,031,167 |
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$2,203,960 |
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$ 8,207,682 |
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$ 500,828 |
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$ 3,602,879 |
Property & Equipment, Net |
2,089,471 |
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1,932,107 |
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2,010,457 |
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1,306,689 |
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1,059,755 |
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1,038,237 |
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821,614 |
Other Assets |
340,133 |
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597,660 |
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340,133 |
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606,470 |
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605,921 |
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739,454 |
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590,245 |
Total Assets |
4,925,979 |
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3,343,804 |
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3,381,757 |
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4,117,119 |
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9,873,358 |
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2,278,519 |
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5,014,238 |
Current Liabilities |
4,064,320 |
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2,680,069 |
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3,019,610 |
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3,649,568 |
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8,375,244 |
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977,582 |
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2,712,490 |
Long Term Obligations |
41,029 |
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6,934 |
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8,731 |
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12,038 |
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21,055 |
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8,527 |
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13,590 |
Total Liabilities |
4,105,349 |
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2,687,003 |
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3,027,981 |
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3,661,606 |
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8,396,299 |
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986,109 |
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2,726,080 |
Shareholders' Equity |
$ 820,630 |
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$ 656,801 |
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$ 353,776 |
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$ 455,513 |
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$ 1,477,059 |
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$1,292,410 |
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$ 2,184,798 |
Page 2
2. RISK FACTORS
2.1. Our success depends heavily on market conditions and prices for oil
and gas.
Our success depends heavily upon our ability to market oil and gas production at favorable prices. In recent decades,
there have been both periods of worldwide overproduction and underproduction of hydrocarbons and periods of increased and relaxed
energy conservation efforts. As a result the world has experienced periods of excess supply of, and reduced demand for, crude
oil on a worldwide basis and for natural gas on a domestic basis; these periods have been followed by periods of short supply of,
and increased demand for, crude oil and, to a lesser extent, natural gas. The excess or short supply of oil and gas has
placed pressures on prices and has resulted in dramatic price fluctuations.
We depend on market price trends to sell our production at a profit. We received historically high gas prices at the wellhead
in northern California in the first six months of 2001, but in the summer of 2001 prices fell back to more customary levels.
If lower prices continue, our profitability will be hurt.
2.2. Estimating oil and gas reserves leads to uncertain results and
thus our estimates of value of those reserves could be incorrect.
The process of estimating oil and gas reserves is complex, requiring significant decisions and assumptions in the evaluation of
available geological, geophysical, engineering and economic data for each reservoir. As a result, such estimates are
inherently imprecise. Actual future production, oil and gas prices, revenues, taxes, development expenditures, operating
expenses and quantities of recoverable oil and gas reserves may vary substantially from those estimated in reserve reports that we
periodically obtain from independent reserve engineers.
Any significant variance in these assumptions could materially change the estimated quantities and present value of our
reserves. In addition, our proved reserves may be subject to downward or upward revision based upon production history,
results of future exploration and development, prevailing oil and gas prices and other factors, many of which are beyond our
control. Actual production, revenues, taxes, development expenditures and operating expenses with respect to our reserves
will likely vary from the estimates used, and such variances may be material.
2.3. Continued production of oil and gas depends on our ability to
find or acquire additional reserves, which we may not be able to find.
In general, the volume of production from oil and gas properties declines as reserves are depleted. Except to the extent
that we acquire properties containing proved reserves or conduct successful development and exploitation activities, or both, our
proved reserves will decline as reserves are produced. Our future oil and gas production is, therefore, highly dependent upon
our ability to find or acquire additional reserves. The business of acquiring, enhancing or developing reserves is capital
intensive.
Page 3
We require cash flow from operations as well as outside investments to fund our
acquisition and development activities. If our cash flow from operations is reduced and external sources of capital become
limited or unavailable, our ability to make the necessary capital investment to maintain or expand our asset base of oil and gas
reserves would be impaired.
2.4. Our oil and gas reserves are concentrated in California.
Because we are not diversified geographically, local conditions may have a greater effect on us than on other
companies.
Substantially all of our oil and gas reserves are located in northern California. Because our reserves are not
diversified geographically, our business is more subject to local conditions than other, more diversified companies. For
example, natural gas prices in northern California have fluctuated more in the past year than in other parts of the U.S. This
resulted in higher prices for our gas in early 2001, but local prices could fall below the national average price, and that might
reduce our profitability more than for other companies. In addition, some California lawmakers have called for more
regulation of natural gas prices and production in the past year. Increased price or production regulation could reduce the
prices we can obtain for our production or increase our operating costs.
2.5. Oil and gas drilling and production activities are subject to
numerous mechanical and environmental risks that could cause less production.
These risks include the risk that no commercially productive oil or gas reservoirs will be encountered, that operations may be
curtailed, delayed or canceled, and that title problems, weather conditions, compliance with governmental requirements, mechanical
difficulties or shortages or delays in the delivery of drilling rigs and other equipment may limit our ability to develop, produce
or market our reserves. New wells we drill may not be productive and we may not recover all or any portion of our investment
in the well.
Drilling for oil and gas may involve unprofitable efforts, not only from dry wells but also from wells that are productive but do
not produce sufficient net revenues to return a profit after drilling, operating and other costs. In addition, our properties
may be susceptible to hydrocarbon drainage from production by other operators on adjacent properties.
Industry operating risks include the risks of fire, explosions, blow-outs, pipe failure, abnormally pressured formations and
environmental hazards, such as oil spills, natural gas leaks, ruptures or discharges of toxic gases, the occurrence of any of which
could result in substantial losses due to injury or loss of life, severe damage to or destruction of property, natural resources
and equipment, pollution or other environmental damage, clean-up responsibilities, regulatory investigation and penalties and
suspension of operations. In accordance with customary industry practice, we maintain insurance against these kinds of risks,
but our level of insurance may not cover all losses in the event of a drilling or production catastrophe. Insurance is not
available for all operational risks, such as risks that we will drill a dry hole, fail in an attempt to complete a well or have
problems maintaining production from existing wells.
Page 4
Oil and gas activities can result in liability under federal, state, and local
environmental regulations for activities involving, among other things, water pollution and hazardous waste transport, storage, and
disposal. Such liability can attach not only to the operator of record of the well, but also to other parties that may be
deemed to be current or prior operators or owners of the wells or the equipment involved. Environmental laws could subject us
to liabilities for environmental damages even where we are not the operator who caused the environmental damage.
2.6. Drilling is a speculative activity, because assessments of
drilling prospects are inexact.
The successful acquisition of oil and gas properties depends on our ability to assess recoverable reserves, future oil and gas
prices, operating costs, potential environmental and other liabilities and other factors. Exploratory drilling remains a
speculative activity. Even when fully utilized and properly interpreted, seismic data and other advanced technologies only
assist geoscientists in identifying subsurface structures and do not enable the interpreter to know whether hydrocarbons are in
fact present.
Therefore, our assessments of drilling prospects are necessarily inexact and their accuracy inherently uncertain. In
connection with such an assessment, we perform a review of the subject properties that we believe to be generally consistent with
industry practices. Such a review, however, will not reveal all existing or potential problems, nor will it permit us to
become sufficiently familiar with the properties to fully assess their deficiencies and capabilities. Inspections may not
always be performed on every well, and structural and environmental problems are not necessarily observable even when an inspection
is undertaken.
In most cases, we are not entitled to contractual indemnification for pre-closing liabilities, including environmental
liabilities, and we generally acquire interests in the properties on an "as is" basis with limited remedies for breaches of
representations and warranties. In those circumstances in which we have contractual indemnification rights for pre-closing
liabilities, the seller may not be able to fulfill its contractual obligations. In addition, competition for producing
oil and gas properties is intense and many of our competitors have financial and other resources, which are substantially greater
than ours. Therefore, we may not be able to acquire producing oil and gas properties which contain economically recoverable
reserves or that it will make such acquisitions at acceptable prices.
2.7. We make substantial capital expenditures for our exploration and
development projects, and may not profit from all projects.
We finance capital expenditures for exploration and development with cash flow from operations and sales of working interests
to passive investors and oil industry participants. We will need additional financing in the future to fund our developmental
and exploration activities.
Page 5
We may not be able to obtain additional financing or may not be able to obtain additional
financing with favorable terms. If additional capital resources are not available to us, our developmental and other activities may
be curtailed, which would harm our business, financial condition and results of operations.
2.8. If our production is not marketable, we will not
profit.
The marketability of our natural gas production depends in part upon the availability, proximity and capacity of natural gas
gathering systems, pipelines and processing facilities. Most of our natural gas is delivered through natural gas gathering
systems and natural gas pipelines that we do not own. Federal, state and local regulation of oil and gas production and
transportation, tax and energy policies, changes in supply and demand and general economic conditions all could adversely affect
our ability to produce and market oil and gas. Any dramatic change in market factors could have a material, adverse effect on
our financial condition and results in operations.
2.9. We may not be able to successfully compete with other
companies.
The oil and gas industry is highly competitive in all its phases. Competition is particularly intense with respect to the
acquisition of desirable producing properties, the acquisition of oil and gas prospects suitable for enhanced production efforts,
and the hiring of experienced personnel. Our competitors in oil and gas acquisition, development, and production include the
major oil companies in addition to numerous independent oil and gas companies, individual proprietors and drilling programs.
Many of these competitors possess and employ financial and personnel resources substantially greater than those which are available
to us and may be able to pay more for desirable producing properties and prospects and to define, evaluate, bid for, and purchase a
greater number of producing properties and prospects than we can. Our financial or personnel
resources to generate reserves in the future will be dependent on our ability to select and acquire suitable producing properties
and prospects in competition with these companies.
2.10. Governmental regulations make production more difficult, and production costs
higher.
Domestic exploration for the production and sale of oil and gas are extensively regulated at both the federal and state
levels. Legislation affecting the oil and gas industry is under constant review for amendment or expansion, frequently
increasing the regulatory burden. Also, numerous departments and agencies, both federal and state, are authorized by statute
to issue, and have issued, rules and regulations affecting the oil and gas industry which often are difficult and costly to comply
with and which carry substantial penalties for noncompliance. State statues and regulations require permits for drilling
operations, drilling bonds, and reports concerning operations. Most states in which we will operate also have statutes and
regulations governing conservation matters, including the unitization or pooling of properties and the establishment of maximum
rates of production from wells. Many state statutes and regulations may limit the rate at which oil and gas could otherwise
be produced from acquired properties. Some states have also enacted statutes proscribing ceiling prices for natural gas sold
within their states.
Page 6
Our operations are also subject to numerous laws and regulations governing plugging and
abandonment, the discharge of materials into the environment or otherwise relating to environmental protection. The heavy
regulatory burden on the oil and gas industry increases its costs of doing business and consequently affects its
profitability. Any change in such laws, rules, regulations, or interpretations, may harm our financial condition or operating
results.
2.11. The departure of any of our key personnelwould slow
our operations until we could fill the position again.
The business of the company will depend on the continued services of our president and chief executive officer, F. Lynn
Blystone. We have an employment agreement with Mr. Blystone which ends in August 2003, and is automatically renewable for one
more one-year period. The loss of his services would be particularly detrimental to us because of his background and
experience in the oil and gas industry. We carry key man life insurance of $500,000 on Mr. Blystone's life.
We also consider our chief financial officer, Thomas J. Cunningham, and the president of our Tri-Valley Oil and Gas subsidiary,
Joseph R. Kandle, to be key employees whose loss would be detrimental to us because of their oil and gas industry experience.
We do not have employment contracts with either Mr. Cunningham or Mr. Kandle. We carry key man life insurance of $1,000,000
on Mr. Kandle, and no key man insurance on Mr. Cunningham.
2.12. We have an Investment Agreement that could dilute our stock
price on future sales.
In September 2001, we signed an investment agreement with Swartz Private Equity, L.L.C. ("Swartz"), under which we have the
right to sell up to 8,500,000 shares of common stock to Swartz, which could in turn sell the shares in the open market under the
agreement. No shares have yet been sold under the agreement. The sale of stock under this investment agreement may
substantially dilute the interests of other security holders. Shares issuable to Swartz under the investment agreement would
be issued at a discount to the average daily price of our common stock, which would dilute the shares of common stock then
outstanding. Over the course of the investment agreement, the common stock may be further diluted every time we exercise a
put option and sell shares.
The precise amount of dilution that the security holders may experience is uncertain because the number, size, and timing of the
sales depends on a number of factors. We will consider the following factors in determining the size and amount of each
sale:
- our assessment of general market and economic conditions;
- our actual and projected revenues and expenses;
- our short-term and long-term operating capital requirements;
- the availability and cost of alternative sources of financing;
and
- the trading price of our common stock and our expectations with
respect to its future trading price.
Page 7
We have filed a registration statement on Form S-2 with the Securities and Exchange
Commission to register the shares that would be sold to Swartz under the Agreement. The agreement is for a three year term
ending in February 2005 (three years from the effective date of the S-2 registration statement). No securities have been sold
to Swartz under the agreement. The terms of the registration agreement are fully described in our S-2, which may be obtained
from the Securities and Exchange Commission's website, www.sec.gov. The investment agreement with Swartz is an exhibit to the
S-2.
2.13. The sale of large amounts of our common stock could reduce our
stock price and encourage short sales.
If we sell shares to Swartz under the investment agreement, Swartz may hold our stock in their own portfolio, sell our stock in
the open market, or place our stock through negotiated transactions with other investors. To the extent that Swartz sells
those shares in the market, the number of our common shares in the market will increase and may cause the market price of our
shares to decrease. If our share price decreases, we would need to issue more shares in order to put the maximum dollar
amounts allowed under the Investment Agreement. This may encourage short sales, which could further reduce the price of our
common stock.
2.14. Penny stock rules may make it more
difficult to sell our stock.
The Securities Enforcement and Penny Stock Reform Act of 1990 requires additional disclosure relating to the market for penny
stocks in connection with trades in any stock defined as a penny stock. The Commission has adopted regulations that generally
define a penny stock to be any equity security that has a market price of less than $5.00 per share, subject to a few
exceptions.
Our stock is subject to these regulations, which require the delivery, prior to any transaction involving a penny stock, of a
disclosure schedule explaining the penny stock market and the risks associated with it. The existence of these rules may make
it more difficult to sell Tri-Valley stock than for other, more established companies.
3. USE OF PROCEEDS
We will not receive any proceeds from the resale of our common stock in this offering. We have agreed to bear certain
expenses in connection with the registration of the shares of common stock being offered and sold by the selling security
holder.
Page 8
4. THE SELLING
SECURITY HOLDER
Number Owned |
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Percent Owned |
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Number to |
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Percent Owned |
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Richard H. Langley |
70,000 |
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(1) |
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70,000 |
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(1) |
Based on 19,790,248 shares issued and outstanding on December 23, 2002.
(1) Represents less than one percent.
5. PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION
The selling shareholder may offer the common stock for sale in one or more transactions, including block transactions, at a
fixed price or prices (which may be changed), at market prices prevailing at the time of sale, at prices related to such prevailing
market prices or at prices determined on a negotiated or competitive bid basis. The selling shareholder may sell common stock
directly, through agents designated from time to time or to or through broker-dealers designated from time to time.
The common stock may be sold through a broker-dealer acting as agent or broker for the selling shareholder in ordinary brokerage
transactions and transactions in which the broker solicits purchasers, or to a broker-dealer acting as a principal. In the
latter case, the broker-dealer may then resell such common stock to the public at varying prices to be determined by such
broker-dealer at the time of resale.
The selling shareholder may also transfer the shares of common stock by gift. We do not know of any arrangements made by the
selling shareholder for the sale of any shares of common stock. The selling shareholder is not obligated to sell any of the
shares being registered for sale.
The selling shareholder and any agents or broker-dealers that participate with the selling shareholder in the distribution of any
of the common stock may be deemed to be "underwriters" within the meaning of the Securities Act, and any discount or commission
received by them and any profit on the resale of the common stock purchased by them may be deemed to be underwriting discounts or
commissions under the Securities Act.
To the extent required, the number of shares of common stock to be sold, certain information relating to the selling shareholders,
the purchase price, the public offering price, if applicable, the name of any underwriter, agent or broker-dealer, and any
applicable commissions, discounts or other items constituting compensation to such underwriters, agents or broker-dealers with
respect to a particular offering will be sent in an accompanying Prospectus Supplement.
Page 9
Page 10
6.3. Anti-Takeover Provisions
The Share Purchase Rights Plan
At our annual meeting of the shareholders in November 1999, the shareholders voted in favor of amending the Certificate of
Incorporation to increase the shares of common stock we are authorized to issue to 100 million shares. One reason for the
increase was to permit the board to adopt a Share Purchase Rights Plan. After the shareholders approved the amendment, the
board adopted the Rights Plan.
The Rights Plan is designed to protect and maximize the value of the outstanding equity interests in Tri-Valley in the event of an
unsolicited attempt by an acquirer to take over Tri-Valley, in a manner or on terms not approved by the board of directors.
Takeover attempts frequently include coercive tactics to deprive a company's board of directors and its stockholders of any real
opportunity to determine the destiny of the company. The rights were declared in order to deter these types of coercive
tactics, which, include a gradual accumulation of shares in the open market of a 15% or greater position to be followed by a merger
or a partial or two-tier tender offer that does not treat all stockholders equally. These tactics unfairly pressure
stockholders, squeeze them out of their investment without giving them any real choice and deprive them of the full value of their
shares.
Our board of directors believes the rights represent a sound and reasonable means of addressing the complex issues of corporate
policy created by the current takeover environment. However, the rights may have the effect of rendering more difficult or
discouraging an acquisition of Tri-Valley deemed undesirable by the board of directors. The rights may cause substantial
dilution to a person or group that attempts to acquire Tri-Valley on terms or in a manner not approved by our board of
directors.
Under the Share Purchase Rights Plan, we will issue one preferred stock share purchase right for each outstanding share of common
stock. Each right entitles the registered holder to purchase from the Company 1/100 of a share of our preferred stock at a
purchase price of $20 per share, subject to adjustment. The rights become exercisable after the lapse of either (i) 10 days
following a public announcement or disclosure that a person or group of affiliated or associated persons, or an acquiring person,
has acquired beneficial ownership of 15% or more of the outstanding shares of our common stock, or (ii) 10 business days, or a
later date as may be determined by the board prior to the time a person or group becomes an acquiring person, following the
announcement of an intention to make a tender offer or exchange offer the consummation of which would result in a person or group
becoming an acquiring person.
The earlier of those dates is called the distribution date. No person or group will be an acquiring person if the board
determines in good faith that the person or group who would otherwise be an acquiring person has become one inadvertently, and that
person or group promptly takes the actions necessary so that it would no longer be considered an acquiring person.
Page 11
The rights will expire in December 2009, ten years after the board adopted the rights
plan, unless the rights are redeemed earlier or unless the board elects to extend the expiration date.
The number of outstanding rights and the number of shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of each right also will be
subject to adjustment in the event of a stock split of the common stock or a stock dividend on the common stock payable in common
stock or subdivisions, consolidations or combinations of the common stock occurring, in any such case, prior to distribution of the
rights.
If any person or group becomes an acquiring person, each holder of a right, other than the acquiring person, will have the right to
receive upon exercise that number of shares of common stock having a market value of two times the exercise price of the right
unless the event causing the person or group to become an acquiring person is a merger, acquisition or other business combination
described in the next paragraph. If we do not have a sufficient amount of authorized common stock to satisfy the obligation
to issue shares of common stock, we must deliver upon payment of the exercise price of a right an amount of cash or other
securities equivalent in value to the shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of a right.
If any person or group becomes an acquiring person and (i) we merge into or engage in other business combination transactions with
the acquiring person, or (ii) 50% or more of our consolidated assets or earning power are sold to an acquiring person, each holder
of a right, other than the acquiring person will have the right to receive that number of shares of common stock of the acquiring
company which will have a market value of two times the exercise price of the right.
At any time after any person becomes an acquiring person and prior to that person or group acquiring 50% or more of the outstanding
shares of common stock, the board may exchange the rights, other than rights owned by the acquiring person, at an exchange ratio of
one share of common stock, or 1/100 of a preferred share per right.
With a few exceptions, no adjustment in the purchase price will be required until cumulative adjustments require an adjustment of a
least 1% in the purchase price. No fractional preferred shares will be issued. However, fractions which are integral
multiples of 1/100 of a preferred share may, at our election, be evidenced by depositary receipts. In lieu of fractional
shares, an adjustment in case will be based on the market price of the preferred shares on the last trading day prior to the date
of exercise.
At any time prior to such time as a person or group becomes an acquiring person, the board may redeem all, but not some, of the
rights at a price of $0.001 per right. The redemption of the rights may be made effective at the time, on the basis and with
any conditions as the Board in its sole discretion may establish. After the period for redemption of the rights has expired,
the Board may not amend the rights agreement to extend the period for redemption of the rights. The right to exercise the
rights terminates immediately when they are redeemed and the only right of the holders of rights after that time will be to receive
the redemption price.
Page 12
The terms of the rights may be amended by a resolution of the board without the consent of
the holders of the rights. However, from and after such time as any person or group becomes an acquiring person, no amendment
may adversely affect the interests of the holders of the rights other than an acquiring person.
The rights, by themselves, confer no rights as a Tri-Valley stockholder (such as voting or dividend rights) until the right is
exercised.
The preferred shares purchasable upon exercise of the rights, described above, will not be redeemable. Each preferred share
will be entitled to a quarterly dividend payment of 100 times the dividend declared per share of common stock. Each preferred
share will have 100 votes, voting together with the shares of common stock. In the event of any merger, consolidation or
other transaction in which shares of common stock are exchanged, each preferred share will be entitled to receive 100 times the
amount received per share of common stock. In the event of liquidation, each preferred share will be entitled to a $ 1.00
preference, and after payment of the preference, the holders of the preferred shares will be entitled to an aggregate payment of
100 times the aggregate payment made per share of common stock. Because of the nature of the preferred shares' dividend,
liquidation and voting rights, the value of the 1/100 interest in a preferred share purchasable upon exercise of each right should
approximate the value of the one share of common stock.
A copy of the rights agreement that was adopted by the board has been filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission as an
exhibit to our annual report on Form 10-KSB for the year ended December 31, 1999.
The Delaware Business Combination Statute
In addition to the rights agreement, our shareholders have elected to make the company subject to Section 203(b) of the
Delaware General Corporation Law. Section 203 is the Delaware business combination statute. It has the effect of
deterring hostile takeovers by preventing business combinations with an interested stockholder for a period of three years after
that person becomes an interested stockholder. An "interested stockholder" is basically defined by the statute as any owner
of 15% or more of the voting stock in a corporation. A "business combination" is defined to include any merger, exchange of
corporate assets or stock (including in a subsidiary), or issuance of loans of other benefits.
However, Section 203 does not preclude all business combinations between Tri-Valley and an interested stockholder during that
three-year period. Such business combinations may be permitted with an interested stockholder if:
- the business combination transaction, or the transaction in which the
interested stockholder became an interested stockholder, is approved by our board of directors prior to the date the interested
stockholder obtained this status;
Page 13
- on or subsequent to this
date the business combination is approved by our board of directors and authorized at an annual or special meeting of stockholders
by the affirmative vote of at least 66.66% of the shares of our outstanding common stock which are not owned by the interested
stockholder; or
- upon consummation of the transaction which resulted in the
stockholder becoming an interested stockholder, the interested stockholder owned at least 85% of the shares of our common stock
outstanding at the time the transaction commenced, excluding for purposes of determining the number of shares outstanding those
shares owned by:
- persons who are directors and also officers; and
- employee stock plans in which employee participants do not have
the right to determine confidentially whether shares held subject to the plan will be tendered in a tender or exchange offer.
The provisions of Section 203 may encourage persons interested in acquiring Tri-Valley to negotiate in advance with our board,
since the stockholder approval requirement would be avoided if a majority of the directors then in office approves either the
business combination or the transaction which results in any such person becoming an interested stockholder.
There is a risk that this amendment could make it more difficult to accomplish transactions which Tri-Valley's stockholders may
otherwise deem to be in their best interests.
It is possible that Section 203 might discourage potential purchasers from considering a bid for Tri-Valley's stock, because it
will be harder to acquire controlling interest in Tri-Valley if our board decides an offer is not in the best interest of
shareholders.
Section 203 automatically applies to corporations which have a class of stock that is (1) listed on a national securities exchange;
(2) authorized for quotation on Nasdaq; or (3) held of record by more than 2,000 stockholders. We believe that we have 2,000
shareholders, more or less. The shareholders' election (adopted at our 2000 annual meeting) means that Section 203 applies to
us no matter whether we have more or less than 2,000 record shareholders.
To our knowledge, currently there are no "interested stockholders" who would be subject to the restrictions on business
combinations contained in Section 203, and we do not know of any currently proposed transactions which would make anyone become an
"interested stockholder."
Page 14
7. EXPERTS
The consolidated financial statements of Tri-Valley Corporation, for December 31, 2001, and December 31, 2000, and for the
years then ended, appearing in this prospectus have been audited by Brown Armstrong Accountancy Corporation, independent auditors,
as set forth in their report thereon, in reliance upon such report given on the authority of such firm as experts in accounting and
auditing.
The legality of the securities offered by this prospectus have been passed upon for us by Strasburger &
Price, LLP, Austin, Texas.
8. INFORMATION WITH RESPECT TO REGISTRANT
This prospectus is accompanied by a copy of our latest Form 10-K, as of December 31, 2001, and a copy of our latest Form 10-QSB
as of September 30, 2002. No material changes have occurred since the end of our last fiscal year, December 31, 2001.
9. INFORMATION INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
The SEC allows us to "incorporate by reference" the information we file with them, which means that we can disclose important
information to you by referring you to those documents. The information incorporated by reference is an important part of
this prospectus, and information that we file later with the SEC will automatically update and supersede previously filed
information, including information contained in this document. We incorporate by reference the documents listed below (SEC
file number 0-6119) and any future filings we will make with the SEC under Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934 until we have sold all shares offered by this Prospectus or until this offering is otherwise completed
(Commission File number 000-06119):
- Our Annual Report on Form 10-KSB for the year ended December 31,
2001.
- Our Quarterly Report on Form 10-QSB for the quarter ended March 31,
2002.
- Our Quarterly Report on Form 10-QSB for the quarter ended June 30,
2002.
- Our Quarterly Report on Form 10-QSB for the quarter ended September
30, 2002.
- Our Proxy Statement for our annual meeting held November 16, 2002,
which was filed
with the SEC as part of a Definitive Schedule 14A on October 9,
2002.
You may request free copies of these filings by writing or telephoning us at the following address:
Tri-Valley Corporation
5555 Business Park South, Suite 200
Bakersfield, California 93309
(661) 864-0500
E-mail: www.trivalleycorp.com
Page 15
We file annual, quarterly and period reports, proxy statements and other information with
the Securities and Exchange Commission using the SEC's EDGAR system. The SEC maintains a site on the Internet at http://www.sec.gov
that contains reports, proxy and information statements and other information regarding us and other registrants that file reports
electronically with the SEC. You may read and copy any materials that we file with the SEC at its Public Reference Room at 450 5th
Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20549. Our common stock is listed on the OTC Bulletin Board, under the symbol TRIL.
Please call the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330 for further information about their public reference rooms.
We furnish our shareholders with a copy of our annual report on Form 10-KSB, which contains audited financial statements, and such
other reports as we, from time to time, deem appropriate or as may be required by law. We use the calendar year as our fiscal
year.
You should rely only on the information contained in this document or to which we have referred you. We have not authorized
anyone to provide you with information that is inconsistent with information contained in this document or any document
incorporated herein. This prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities in any state where the offer or sale of these
securities is not permitted. The information in this prospectus is current as of the date it is mailed to security holders,
and not necessarily as of any later date. If any material change occurs during the period that this prospectus is required to
be delivered, this prospectus will be supplemented or amended.
10. DISCLOSURE OF COMMISSION POSITION ON INDEMNIFICATION
Under our Certificate of Incorporation, we have eliminated the potential liability of directors to us, and we are required to
indemnify our directors against any liability for monetary damages, to the extent allowed by California law. The California
Corporations Code allows corporations, including our Company, to eliminate or limit the liability of directors for monetary damages
except to the extent that the acts of the director are in bad faith, constitute intentional or reckless misconduct, result in an
improper personal benefit, or amount to an abdication of the directors' duty.
The Corporations Code provisions do not affect the availability of equitable remedies against directors nor change the standard of
duty to which directors are held. Our Certificate of Incorporation also provide that if California law is amended to provide
additional indemnity or relief from liability to directors, such relief or indemnity shall automatically be applied for the benefit
of our directors.
The Securities and Exchange Commission has stated that, in its opinion, indemnification of officers and directors for violations of
federal securities laws is unenforceable and void as a matter of public policy.
Page 16
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. PROSPECTUS SUMMARY |
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1 |
||
1.1 |
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Tri-Valley Corporation |
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1 |
1.2 |
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The Offering |
|
1 |
1.3 |
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Summary Financial Information |
|
1 |
2. RISK FACTORS |
|
3 |
||
2.1. |
|
Our success depends heavily on market conditions and prices for oil and gas. |
|
3 |
2.2. |
|
Estimating oil and gas reserves leads to uncertain results and thus our estimates of value of those reserves could be incorrect. |
|
3 |
2.3. |
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Continued production of oil and gas depends on our ability to find or acquire additional reserves, which we may not be able to find. |
|
3 |
2.4. |
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Our oil and gas reserves are concentrated in California. Because we are not diversified geographically, local conditions may have a greater effect on us than on other companies. |
|
4 |
2.5. |
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Oil and gas drilling and production activities are subject to numerous mechanical and environmental risks and could cause less production. |
|
4 |
2.6. |
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Drilling is a speculative activity, because assessments of drilling prospects are inexact. |
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5 |
2.7. |
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We make substantial capital expenditures for our exploration and development projects, and may not profit from all projects. |
|
5 |
2.8. |
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If our production is not marketable, we will not profit. |
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6 |
2.9. |
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We may not be able to successfully compete with other companies. |
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6 |
2.10. |
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Governmental regulations make production more difficult, and production costs higher. |
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6 |
2.11. |
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The departure of any of our key personnel would slow our operations until we could fill the position again. |
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7 |
2.12. |
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We have an investment agreement that could dilute our stock price on future sales. |
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7 |
2.13. |
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The sale of large amounts of our common stock could reduce our stock price and encourage short sales. |
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8 |
2.14. |
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Penny stock rules may make it more difficult to sell our stock. |
|
8 |
3. USE OF PROCEEDS |
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8 |
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4. THE SELLING SECURITY HOLDER |
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9 |
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5. PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION |
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9 |
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6. DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES |
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10 |
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6.1. |
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Common Stock |
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10 |
6.2. |
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Preferred Stock |
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10 |
6.3. |
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Anti-Takeover Provisions |
|
11 |
7. EXPERTS |
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15 |
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8. INFORMATION WITH RESPECT TO REGISTRANT |
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15 |
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9. INFORMATION INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE |
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15 |
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10. DISCLOSURE OF COMMISSION POSITION ON INDEMNIFICATION |
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16 |
PART II
INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS
Item 14 Other Expenses of Issuance and Distribution
The following table sets forth the estimated expenses in connection with the issuance and distribution of the securities
registered by this prospectus, all of which will be paid by the Company:
Item |
|
Amount 1 |
SEC registration fee |
|
$ 10 |
Legal fees and expenses |
|
2,000 |
Miscellaneous expenses |
|
500 |
Total: |
|
$ 2,510 |
1 All items other than SEC registration fee are estimates.
Item 15 Indemnification of Directors and Officers
Under our Certificate of Incorporation, we have eliminated the potential liability of Directors to us, and we are also required
to indemnify our Directors against any liability for monetary damages, to the extent allowed by California law. The
California Corporations Code allows corporations, including our Company, to eliminate or limit the liability of directors for
monetary damages except to the extent that the acts of the director are in bad faith, constitute intentional or reckless
misconduct, result in an improper personal benefit, or amount to an abdication of the directors' duties. The Corporations
Code provisions do not affect the availability of equitable remedies against directors nor change the standard of duty to which
directors are held. Our Certificate of Incorporation also provide that if California law is amended to provide additional
indemnity or relief from liability to directors, such relief or indemnity shall automatically be applied for the benefit of our
Directors.
The Securities and Exchange Commission has stated that, in its opinion, indemnification of officers and directors for violations of
federal securities laws is unenforceable and void as a matter of public policy. If a claim for indemnification against such
liabilities (other than the payment by us of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer, or controlling person of the Company
in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by a director, officer, or controlling person in
connection with the securities being registered, we will, unless in the opinion of our counsel the matter has been settled by
controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against
public policy as expressed in the Securities Act of 1933 and will be governed by final adjudication.
Item 16 Exhibits and Financial Statements
See the Exhibit Index, which is incorporated herein by reference.
Page II-1
Item 17 Undertakings
The undersigned registrant undertakes:
(a) To file, during any period in which it offers or sells
securities, a post-effective amendment to this registration statement to:
(1) include any prospectus required by section 10(a)(3) of the
Securities Act.
(2) reflect in the prospectus any facts or events which,
individually or together, represent a fundamental change in the information in the registration statement; and Notwithstanding the
forgoing, any increase or decrease in volume of securities offered (if the total dollar value of securities offered would not
exceed that which was registered) and any deviation From the low or high end of the estimated maximum offering range may be
reflected in the form of prospects filed with the Commission as required by to Rule 424(b) if, in the aggregate, the changes in the
volume and price represent no more than a 20% change in the maximum aggregate offering price set forth in the "Calculation of
Registration Fee" table in the effective registration statement.
(3) To include any additional or changed material information on
the plan of distribution.
(b) That, for determining liability under the Securities Act of
1933, the Registrant will treat each post-effective amendment as a new registration statement of the securities offered, and the
offering of the securities at that time to be the initial bona fide offering.
(c) To remove from registration by means of a post-effective
amendment any of the securities that remain unsold at the end of the offering.
The undersigned Registrant undertakes that, for the purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each
filing of the Registrant's annual report as required by Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 shall be
deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered herein, and the offering of such securities at that
time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.
Because indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933 may be permitted for directors, officers, and
controlling persons of the Registrant according to the provisions set forth or described in Item of this Registration Statement, or
otherwise, the Registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is
against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act of 1933 and is, therefore, unenforceable. If a claim for
indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the Registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director,
officer or controlling person of the Registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such
director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the Registrant will, unless in the
opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the
question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act of 1933 and will be
governed by the final adjudication of such issue.
Page II-2
SIGNATURES
As required by the Securities Act of 1933, Tri-Valley Corporation, certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it
meets all of the requirements for filing on Form S-2 and has duly caused this registration statement to be signed on its behalf by
the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized in the City of Bakersfield, State of California, on January 7, 2003.
TRI-VALLEY CORPORATION |
|
|
|
||
F. Lynn Blystone |
|
Thomas J. Cunningham |
F. Lynn Blystone |
|
Thomas J. Cunningham |
President and Chief Executive Officer |
|
Chief Financial Officer |
SPECIAL POWER OF ATTORNEY
KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS, that each of Tri-Valley Corporation, a Delaware corporation, and the undersigned directors and
officers of Tri-Valley Corporation, constitutes and appoints F. Lynn Blystone, its or his true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and
agents, for it or him in its or his name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, with full power to act alone, to sign any and
all amendments to this report, and to file each such amendment to this report, with all exhibits thereto, and any and all documents
in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto said attorneys-in-fact and agents, and each of
them, full power and authority to do and perform any and all acts and things requisite and necessary to be done in and about the
premises, as fully to all intents and purposes as it or he might or could do in person, ratifying and confirming all that said
attorneys-in-fact and agents, or any of them may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.
This Registration Statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
Signature |
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Title |
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Date |
|
|
|||
F. Lynn Blystone |
|
President, CEO and Director of Tri- |
|
January 7, 2003 |
F. Lynn Blystone |
|
Valley Corporation and Tri-Valley |
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|
|
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|||
Dennis P. Lockhart* |
|
Director |
|
January 7, 2003 |
Dennis P. Lockhart |
|
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||
|
|
|||
Milton J. Carlson* |
|
Director |
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January 7, 2003 |
Milton J. Carlson |
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||
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|||
Harold Noyes* |
|
Director |
|
January 7, 2003 |
Harold Noyes |
|
|
||
|
|
|||
Loren J. Miller* |
|
Director |
|
January 7, 2003 |
Loren J. Miller |
|
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||
|
|
|||
C. Chase Hoffman* |
|
Director |
|
January 7, 2003 |
C. Chase Hoffman |
|
|
* By F. Lynn Blystone, attorney in fact.
EXHIBIT INDEX
Exhibit |
|
Description |
|
||
3.1 |
|
Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Tri-Valley Corporation, incorporated
by |
|
||
3.2 |
|
Amended and Restated Bylaws of Tri-Valley Corporation, incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 3.3 |
|
||
4.1 |
|
Rights Agreement, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.1 to Form 10-KSB filed March 24, 2000. |
|
||
5.1 ** |
|
Opinion of Strasburger & Price, LLP, as to the validity of the shares being offered. |
|
||
10.1 |
|
Employment Agreement between Tri-Valley Corporation and F. Lynn Blystone, incorporated
by |
|
||
10.2 |
|
Investment Agreement between Tri-Valley Corporation and Swartz Private Equity, LLC,
dated |
|
||
10.3 |
|
Warrant to Purchase Common Stock Issued to Swartz Private Equity, LLC, in Connection with
the |
|
||
10.4 |
|
Registration Rights Agreement Issued to Swartz Private Equity, LLC, in Connection with
the |
|
||
21.1 ** |
|
List of Subsidiaries. |
|
||
23.1 * |
|
Consent of Brown Armstrong Randall Reyes Paulden & McCown Accountancy Corporation. |
|
||
23.2 ** |
|
Consent of Strasburger & Price, LLP, included in Exhibit 5.1. |
|
||
24.1 ** |
|
Power of Attorney, included on the signature page to the registration statement. |
* Filed with Form S-2/A, filed on January 3, 2003.
** Filed with Form S-3, filed on December 23, 2002.