Form 10-Q

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 


FORM 10-Q

 


(Mark one)

x QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2006

 

¨ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 (No Fee Required)

For the transition period from              to             .

Commission file number 0-25034

 


GREATER BAY BANCORP

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 


 

California   77-0387041

(State or other jurisdiction of

Incorporation or organization)

 

(I.R.S. Employer

Identification No.)

1900 University Avenue, 6th Floor, East Palo Alto, California 94303

(Address of principal executive offices)(Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (650) 813-8200

 


Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  x    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of “accelerated filer and large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

 

Large accelerated filer  x   Accelerated filer  ¨   Non-accelerated filer  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).    Yes  ¨    No  x

Outstanding shares of Common Stock, no par value, as of April 30, 2006: 50,355,623

 



GREATER BAY BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

QUARTERLY REPORT ON FORM 10-Q

INDEX

 

 

 

Part I. Financial Information   

Item 1. Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

  

Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005

   1

Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2006 and 2005

   2

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2006 and 2005

   3

Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2006 and 2005

   4

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2006 and 2005

   5

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

  

Note 1-Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

   7

Note 2-Securities

   12

Note 3-Loans, Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses, and Reserve for Unfunded Credit Commitments and Nonperforming Assets

   14

Note 4-Deposits

   17

Note 5-Borrowings

   17

Note 6-Commitments and Contingencies

   19

Note 7-Shareholders’ Equity

   21

Note 8-Net Income Per Common Share

   22

Note 9-Stock-Based Compensation

   24

Note 10-Income Taxes

   26

Note 11-Business Segments

   28

Note 12-Suplemental Employee Retirement Plan

   32

Note 13-Recent Accounting Developments

   32

Note 14-Related Party Loans

   35

Note 15-Variable Interest Entities

   35

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

  

Overview

   37

Critical Accounting Policies

   38

Results of Operations

   39

Net Interest Income

   40

Provision for Credit Losses

   44

Non-interest Income

   45

Operating Expenses

   46

Income Taxes

   48

Financial Condition

   49

Securities

   49

Loans

   49

Nonperforming Assets

   50

Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses and the Reserve for Unfunded Credit Commitments

   52

Property, Premises and Equipment

   55

Deposits

   56

Borrowings

   56

Liquidity and Cash Flow

   56

Capital Resources

   57

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements and Aggregate Contractual Obligations

   59

 

i


GREATER BAY BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

QUARTERLY REPORT ON FORM 10-Q

INDEX (continued)

 

Results of Business Segments

   59

Recent Accounting Developments

   66
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk    67
Item 4. Controls and Procedures    68
Part II. Other Information   
Item 1. Legal Proceedings    69
Item 1A. Risk Factors    69
Item 2. Unregistered Sale of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds    69
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities    69
Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders    69
Item 5. Other Information    69
Item 6. Exhibits    69

Signature

   70

 

ii


PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. Consolidated Financial Statements

GREATER BAY BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(UNAUDITED)

 

(Dollars in thousands)

   March 31,
2006
    December 31,
2005
 

ASSETS

    

Cash and cash equivalents

   $ 167,203     $ 152,153  

Securities:

    

Securities available-for-sale, at fair value

     991,330       1,010,895  

Securities held-to-maturity, at amortized cost (fair value: $432,953 and $442,820)

     436,304       441,912  

Other securities

     40,489       40,777  
                

Total securities

     1,468,123       1,493,584  

Loans, net of deferred fees and costs

     4,729,724       4,727,969  

Allowance for loan and lease losses

     (74,568 )     (82,159 )
                

Total loans, net

     4,655,156       4,645,810  

Property, premises and equipment, net

     98,545       104,030  

Goodwill

     242,728       243,289  

Other intangible assets

     48,005       49,741  

Interest receivable and other assets

     428,746       432,362  
                

Total assets

   $ 7,108,506     $ 7,120,969  
                

LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

    

Deposits

   $ 5,108,761     $ 5,058,539  

Borrowings

     960,559       1,008,113  

Other liabilities

     232,866       265,607  
                

Total liabilities

     6,302,186       6,332,259  
                

Minority interest: preferred stock of real estate investment trust subsidiaries

     12,739       12,699  
                

Commitments and contingencies (Note 6)

    

SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

    

Preferred stock, 10,500,000 shares authorized:

    

Series B Preferred Stock, $50.00 stated value: 2,400,000 shares originally designated; 2,021,132 and 2,026,553 shares issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005, respectively

     103,097       103,387  

Common Stock, no par value: 160,000,000 shares authorized; 50,288,341 and 49,906,058 shares issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005, respectively

     279,385       276,670  

Unearned compensation

     —         (4,588 )

Accumulated other comprehensive loss

     (33,335 )     (27,683 )

Retained earnings

     444,434       428,225  
                

Total shareholders’ equity

     793,581       776,011  
                

Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity

   $ 7,108,506     $ 7,120,969  
                

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

1


GREATER BAY BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(UNAUDITED)

 

     Three months ended March 31,  

(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)

   2006     2005  

INTEREST INCOME

    

Loans

   $ 86,959     $ 74,590  

Securities:

    

Taxable

     15,110       15,644  

Tax - exempt

     1,005       937  
                

Total interest on securities

     16,115       16,581  

Other interest income

     680       627  
                

Total interest income

     103,754       91,798  
                

INTEREST EXPENSE

    

Deposits

     23,761       17,118  

Long-term borrowings

     10,390       6,683  

Short-term borrowings

     2,983       1,955  
                

Total interest expense

     37,134       25,756  
                

Net interest income

     66,620       66,042  

Reversal of provision for credit losses

     (6,004 )     (1,678 )
                

Net interest income after recovery of credit losses

     72,624       67,720  
                

NON-INTEREST INCOME

    

Insurance commissions and fees

     44,969       38,122  

Rental revenues on operating leases

     5,264       4,032  

Service charges and other fees

     2,540       2,550  

Income on bank owned life insurance

     1,911       1,797  

Loan and international banking fees

     1,795       2,013  

Trust fees

     1,055       1,066  

Securities gains, net

     168       290  

Gain on sale of loans

     —         95  

Other income

     2,331       228  
                

Total non-interest income

     60,033       50,193  
                

OPERATING EXPENSES

    

Compensation and benefits

     57,929       50,285  

Occupancy and equipment

     11,322       10,412  

Depreciation - equipment leased to others

     4,091       3,370  

Legal costs and other professional fees

     3,753       4,851  

Amortization of intangibles

     1,640       2,083  

Other expenses

     13,379       12,947  
                

Total operating expenses

     92,114       83,948  
                

Income before provision for income taxes and cumulative effect of accounting change

     40,543       33,965  

Provision for income taxes

     14,772       12,455  
                

Income before cumulative effect of accounting change

     25,771       21,510  

Cumulative effect of accounting change, net of tax

     130       —    
                

Net income

   $ 25,901     $ 21,510  
                

Basic net income per common share:

    

Prior to cumulative effect of change in accounting principle

   $ 0.48     $ 0.38  

Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle

     —         —    
                
   $ 0.48     $ 0.38  
                

Diluted net income per common share:

    

Prior to cumulative effect of change in accounting principle

   $ 0.46     $ 0.34  

Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle

     —         —    
                
   $ 0.46     $ 0.34  
                

Cash dividend declared per share of Common Stock

   $ 0.1575     $ 0.1500  
                

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

2


GREATER BAY BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

(UNAUDITED)

 

     Three months ended March 31,  

(Dollars in thousands)

   2006     2005  

Net income

   $ 25,901     $ 21,510  
                

Other comprehensive loss:

    

Unrealized net losses on securities:

    

Unrealized net holding losses arising during period (net of taxes of $(4.0) million and $(6.6) million for the three months ended March 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively)

     (5,555 )     (9,075 )

Less: Reclassification adjustment for net gains included in net income, net of taxes

     (97 )     (168 )
                

Other comprehensive loss

     (5,652 )     (9,243 )
                

Comprehensive income

   $ 20,249     $ 12,267  
                

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

3


GREATER BAY BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(UNAUDITED)

 

For the periods indicated

(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)

   Common Stock     Unearned
compensation
    Accumulated
other
comprehensive
loss
    Retained
earnings
    Convertible
preferred
stock
    Total
shareholders’
equity
 
   Shares     Amount            

Balance, December 31, 2005

   49,906,058     $ 276,670     $ (4,588 )   $ (27,683 )   $ 428,225     $ 103,387     $ 776,011  

Income before cumulative effect of accounting change

   —         —         —         —         25,771       —         25,771  

Cumulative effect of accounting change

   —         (4,812 )     4,588       —         130       —         (94 )
                    

Net income

             25,901      

Other comprehensive loss, net of taxes

   —         —         —         (5,652 )     —         —         (5,652 )

7.25% convertible preferred stock issued in purchase accounting transaction - valuation adjustment

   —         —         —         —         —         (290 )     (290 )

Stock-based compensation on stock options and restricted stock grants

   —         1,971       —         —         —         —         1,971  

Stock options exercised

   287,410       4,703       —         —         —         —         4,703  

Tax benefit on stock options exercised

   —         571       —         —         —         —         571  

Restricted stock grants

   84,063       —         —         —         —         —         —    

Stock issued in Dividend Reinvestment Plan

   10,810       282       —         —         —         —         282  

Cash dividend on convertible Series B Preferred Stock

   —         —         —         —         (1,832 )     —         (1,832 )

Cash dividend declared of $0.1575 per share of Common Stock

   —         —         —         —         (7,860 )     —         (7,860 )
                                                      

Balance, March 31, 2006

   50,288,341     $ 279,385     $ —       $ (33,335 )   $ 444,434     $ 103,097     $ 793,581  
                                                      

Balance, December 31, 2004

   51,179,450     $ 263,190     $ (1,907 )   $ (18,474 )   $ 416,441     $ 103,816     $ 763,066  

Net income

   —         —         —         —         21,510       —         21,510  

Other comprehensive loss, net of taxes

   —         —         —         (9,243 )     —         —         (9,243 )

7.25% convertible preferred stock issued in purchase accounting transaction - valuation adjustment

   —         —         —         —         —         (154 )     (154 )

Conversion of convertible preferred stock

   3,029       93       —         —         —         (93 )     —    

Stock-based compensation on restricted stock grants

   —         —         183       —         —         —         183  

Stock options exercised

   170,617       2,929       —         —         —         —         2,929  

Restricted stock grants

   53,000       1,325       (1,325 )     —         —         —         —    

Stock issued in Employee Stock Purchase Plan

   49,555       1,034       —         —         —         —         1,034  

Stock issued in Dividend Reinvestment Plan

   7,085       196       —         —         —         —         196  

Stock repurchased

   (416,819 )     (2,148 )     —         —         (8,536 )     —         (10,684 )

Cash dividend on convertible Series B Preferred Stock

   —         —         —         —         (1,840 )     —         (1,840 )

Cash dividend declared of $0.15 per share of Common Stock

   —         —         —         —         (7,696 )     —         (7,696 )
                                                      

Balance, March 31, 2005

   51,045,917     $ 266,619     $ (3,049 )   $ (27,717 )   $ 419,879     $ 103,569     $ 759,301  
                                                      

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

4


GREATER BAY BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(UNAUDITED)

 

     Three months ended March 31,  

(Dollars in thousands)

   2006     2005  

Cash flows - operating activities

    

Net income

   $ 25,901     $ 21,510  

Reconcilement of net income to operating cash flows, net Reversal of provision for credit losses

     (6,004 )     (1,678 )

Depreciation and amortization

     8,174       7,707  

Amortization of intangible assets

     1,736       2,248  

Accretion of discount on borrowings

     (231 )     (24 )

Deferred income taxes

     (204 )     (9,092 )

Gain on sale of loans

     —         (95 )

Securities gains, net

     (168 )     (290 )

(Gain) / loss on other securities and other investments, net

     (565 )     269  

Gain on of disposal of other property, premises and equipment

     (375 )     —    

Donation of appreciated securities to the Greater Bay Bancorp Foundation

     246       —    

Changes in assets and liabilities:

    

Accrued interest receivable and other assets

     8,619       23,642  

Accrued interest payable and other liabilities

     (29,516 )     (21,892 )
                

Operating cash flows, net

     7,613       22,305  
                

Cash flows - investing activities

    

Maturities and partial paydowns on securities:

    

Held-to-maturity

     24,170       59,886  

Available-for-sale

     32,048       29,659  

Other securities and other investments

     387       —    

Purchase of securities:

    

Held-to-maturity

     (18,154 )     (104,193 )

Available-for-sale

     (22,503 )     (22,910 )

Other securities and other investments

     (847 )     (14,060 )

Proceeds from sale of securities:

    

Available-for-sale

     —         36,957  

Other securities and other investments

     5       8,209  

Loans originated and purchased net of principal collections

     (1,553 )     (19,796 )

Payment for business combinations

     (3,911 )     (15,737 )

Purchase of property, premises and equipment

     (1,903 )     (10,972 )

Proceeds from disposal of property, premises and equipment

     958       228  
                

Investing cash flows, net

     8,697       (52,729 )
                

(Continued on next page)

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

5


GREATER BAY BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(UNAUDITED) (CONTINUED)

 

     Three months ended March 31,  

(Dollars in thousands)

   2006     2005  

Cash flows - financing activities

    

Net change in deposits

     50,222       (107,096 )

Net change in short-term borrowings with original maturity of three months or less

     (85,000 )     240,000  

Proceeds from other short-term borrowings

     40,000       50,000  

Principal repayment - other short-term borrowings

     —         (50,000 )

Proceeds from long-term borrowings

     80,000       71  

Principal repayment - long-term borrowings

     (218 )     (44,341 )

Repurchase and repayment of CODES

     (81,672 )     —    

Proceeds from exercise of stock options

     4,703       2,929  

Excess tax benefits from stock-based compensation

     200       —    

Proceeds from other sale of Common Stock

     282       1,230  

Repurchase of Common Stock

     —         (10,684 )

Cash dividends on Common Stock

     (7,489 )     (7,696 )

Cash dividends on convertible preferred stock

     (1,832 )     (1,840 )

Dividends paid on preferred stock of real estate investment trusts

     (456 )     —    
                

Financing cash flows, net

     (1,260 )     72,573  
                

Net change in cash and cash equivalents

     15,050       42,149  

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period

     152,153       171,657  
                

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period

   $ 167,203     $ 213,806  
                

Cash flows - supplemental disclosures

    

Cash paid during the period for:

    

Interest

   $ 36,313     $ 29,166  
                

Income taxes

   $ 1,542     $ 5,615  
                

Non-cash transactions:

    

Conversion of convertible preferred stock

   $ —       $ 93  
                

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

6


GREATER BAY BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

As of March 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005 and for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2006 and 2005

NOTE 1—SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

The Consolidated Balance Sheet as of March 31, 2006, and the Consolidated Statements of Operations, Comprehensive Income, Cash Flows and Shareholders’ Equity for the three months ended March 31, 2006 have been prepared by Greater Bay Bancorp and are not audited. In our opinion, the interim data includes all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, necessary for a fair statement of the results for the interim periods. The results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2006 are not necessarily indicative of the results expected for any subsequent period or for the entire fiscal year ending December 31, 2006.

Organization and Nature of Operations

Greater Bay Bancorp (or “we”, “us” or “our” on a consolidated basis and “the holding company” on a parent-only basis) is a financial holding company with one bank subsidiary, Greater Bay Bank, National Association (or “the Bank”), and one commercial insurance brokerage subsidiary, ABD Insurance and Financial Services (or “ABD”).

The Bank provides a wide range of banking and financial services to small and medium-sized businesses, property managers, business executives, real estate developers, professionals, and other individuals. Through our network of banking offices, we engage in a broad array of lending activities, including commercial, real estate, and consumer loans. In addition, we offer specialty finance products including asset-based lending, accounts receivable factoring, loans to small businesses on which the Small Business Administration (or “SBA”) generally provides guarantees, capital lease equipment financing, and loans and lease products tailored to the dental and veterinary health professions. Our banking offices, also offer a wide range of deposit products, including personal and business checking and savings accounts, time deposits, and individual retirement accounts. We also offer specialized services such as cash management, international trade finance, MasterCard and Visa merchant deposit, traveler’s checks, and safe deposit boxes. Through the Greater Bay Trust Company, a division of the Bank, we provide trust services to support the needs of our business and private banking clients. These services include custodial, investment management, estate planning resources and employee benefit plan services.

ABD, with offices located in California, Washington, and Nevada, provides commercial insurance brokerage, employee benefits consulting, and risk management solutions to business clients throughout the United States. ABD sells commercial, property and casualty, employee benefits, life, and retirement insurance products and provides consulting services to clients enabling them to strengthen their risk management programs. ABD also owns a broker-dealer that advises clients on plan design and investment decisions regarding their employees’ retirement plans. .

Consolidation and Basis of Presentation

Our accounting and reporting policies conform to generally accepted accounting principles (or “GAAP”) applicable in the United States, and the prevailing practices within the banking industry. The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of our holding company, and those subsidiaries that qualify for consolidation. All significant intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation. We wholly own six trust subsidiaries that were formed for the purpose of issuing Trust Preferred Securities. These trust subsidiaries are not included in our consolidated results as we are not deemed to be their primary beneficiary. We also have other investments that are accounted for under the equity method pursuant to Accounting Principles Board (or “APB”) Opinion No. 18, “The Equity Method of Accounting for Investments in Common Stock.” None of these equity investments meets the requirements for consolidation.

Use of Estimates in the Preparation of Financial Statements

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of certain assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of certain revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

 

7


GREATER BAY BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) – (CONTINUED)

As of March 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005 and for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2006 and 2005

 

Cash and Cash Equivalents

For purposes of reporting cash flows, cash and cash equivalents include cash on hand, amounts due from banks, Federal funds sold, interest-earning deposits in other banks, and certain other short-term securities with original maturities of less than ninety days. Generally, Federal funds are sold for one-day periods. The Bank is required by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (or “Federal Reserve”) to maintain non-interest-earning cash reserves against certain deposit accounts. The required reserves totaled $5.0 million at both March 31, 2006 and at December 31, 2005.

Interest-earning assets included in cash and cash-equivalents are comprised of the following as of the dates indicated:

 

(Dollars in thousands)

   March 31,
2006
   December 31,
2005

Federal funds sold

   $ —      $ —  

Interest-earning deposits in other banks

   $ 9,374    $ 9,817

Other short-term securities

   $ —      $ —  

Stock-Based Compensation

On January 1, 2006, we adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (or “SFAS”) SFAS No. 123R (revised 2004), “Share-Based Payment,” (or “SFAS No. 123R”) which requires the measurement and recognition of stock-based compensation expense for all share-based payment awards made to employees and directors based on estimated fair values. SFAS No. 123R supersedes our previous accounting under APB Opinion No. 25, “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees” (or “APB 25”). In March 2005, the Securities and Exchange Commission (or “SEC”) issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 107 (or “SAB 107”) relating to SFAS No. 123R. We have applied the provisions of SAB 107 in our adoption of SFAS No. 123R. As of March 31, 2006 and for the three month periods ended March 31, 2006 and 2005, all outstanding share-based payment awards were originally granted to employees and directors.

We adopted SFAS No. 123R using the modified prospective transition method, which requires the application of the accounting standard as of January 1, 2006, the first day of our 2006 fiscal year. Our consolidated financial statements as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2006 reflect the impact of SFAS No. 123R. In accordance with the modified prospective transition method, our consolidated financial statements for prior periods have not been restated to reflect the adoption of SFAS No. 123R.

 

8


GREATER BAY BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) – (CONTINUED)

As of March 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005 and for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2006 and 2005

 

Stock-based compensation expense related to stock options and restricted stock grants was as follows for the periods presented.

 

     Three months ended March 31,  
     2006     2005  

(Dollars in thousands)

   Stock options     Restricted stock     Stock options    Restricted stock  

Stock-based compensation expense (1)

   $ 515     $ 1,456     $ —      $ 184  

Income tax benefit

     (71 )     (612 )     —        (77 )
                               
     444       844       —        107  

Cumulative effect of accounting change, net of tax

     —         (130 )     —        —    
                               
   $ 444     $ 714     $ —      $ 107  
                               

(1) Stock-based compensation expense for restricted stock during the three months ended March 31, 2006 includes the recognition of expenses related to prior periods of $1.1 million associated with holders whose vesting may be accelerated due to retirement age provisions in their restricted stock grant agreements.

The adoption of SFAS No. 123R resulted in a cumulative benefit from accounting change of $130,000, net of taxes, which reflects the net cumulative impact of estimating future forfeitures in the determination of period expense related to restricted stock grants recognized in periods prior to the date of adoption, rather than recording forfeitures when they occur as previously permitted. Also as a result of the cumulative effect of the accounting change, unearned compensation of $4.6 million was reclassified to Common Stock effective January 1, 2006.

Prior to the adoption of SFAS No. 123R, we accounted for stock-based awards to employees and directors using the intrinsic value method in accordance with APB 25 as allowed under SFAS No. 123, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation,” as amended (or “SFAS No. 123”). Accordingly, no compensation cost has been recognized for stock options granted, other than compensation related to stock option modifications, as the exercise prices of the options are at fair value of the underlying common stock on the date of grant prior to December 31, 2005. There also was no stock-based compensation expense related to our employee stock purchase plan recognized during the three months ended March 31, 2005. That plan was terminated on September 30, 2005.

We use the straight-line single option method of attributing the value of stock-based compensation to expense for all employee stock-based payment awards. Stock-based compensation expense recognized during the period is based on the value of the portion of share-based payment awards that is ultimately expected to vest during the period. As stock-based compensation expense is based on awards ultimately expected to vest, it has been reduced for estimated forfeitures. SFAS No. 123R requires forfeitures to be estimated at the time of grant and revised, if necessary, in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from those estimates. In our pro forma information required under SFAS No. 123 for the periods prior to 2006, we accounted for forfeitures as they occurred.

SFAS No. 123R requires companies to estimate the fair value of share-based payment awards on the date of grant using an option-pricing model. Stock-based compensation expense for the three months ended March 31, 2006 included compensation expense for share-based payment awards granted prior to, but not yet vested as of December 31, 2005 based on the grant date fair value estimated in accordance with the pro forma provisions of SFAS No. 123. Compensation expense for the share-based payment awards granted subsequent to December 31, 2005 is based on the grant date fair value estimated in accordance with the provisions of SFAS No. 123R. The assumptions used in the Black-Scholes option pricing model are described in “Note 9 - Stock-Based Compensation” of the notes to the consolidated financial statements.

In November 2005, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (or “FASB”) issued FASB Staff Position (or “FSP”) SFAS No. 123R-3, “Transition Election Related to Accounting for the Tax Effects of Share-Based Payment Awards” (or “FSP No. 123R-3”). FSP 123R-3 includes, as an alternative, a simplified method to establish the beginning balance of the pool of excess tax benefits available to absorb tax deficiencies recognized subsequent to the adoption of SFAS No. 123R. We have elected to adopt this alternative transition method provided in FSP No. 123R-3.

 

9


GREATER BAY BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) – (CONTINUED)

As of March 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005 and for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2006 and 2005

 

Prior to January 1, 2006, under the provisions of SFAS No. 123, we elected not to recognize compensation expense for stock option grants and our employee stock purchase plan based on the fair value method. If compensation costs for our stock option plan and employee stock purchase plan had been determined consistent with SFAS No. 123, during 2005, our net income per common share would have been reduced to the pro forma amounts indicated below:

 

(Dollars in thousands, except

per share amounts)

   Three months ended
March 31, 2005
 

Net income, as reported

   $ 21,510  

Add: stock-based compensation expense included in reported net income, net of related tax effects

     184  

Less: Total stock-based compensation expense determined under fair value based methods for all awards, net of related tax effects

     (2,164 )
        

Pro forma net income

   $ 19,530  
        

Basic net income per common share:

  

As reported

   $ 0.38  

Pro forma (1)

   $ 0.35  

Diluted net income per common share:

  

As reported

   $ 0.34  

Pro forma (1)

   $ 0.31  

(1) In our quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2005, we reported pro forma basic net income per common share of $0.36, and pro forma diluted net income per common share of $0.32.

We have determined that in prior periods the tax benefit related to incentive stock options had been improperly computed in determining our disclosed pro forma stock-based employee compensation cost, net of tax. We completed our evaluation of the error and determined that an adjustment was necessary to revise the disclosure for the pro forma stock-based compensation cost, net of tax, along with the resulting pro forma net income, pro forma basic net income per common share, and pro forma diluted net income per common share for 2005 in the table presented above.

 

10


GREATER BAY BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) – (CONTINUED)

As of March 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005 and for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2006 and 2005

 

Comprehensive Income

We classify items of other comprehensive loss by their nature in the consolidated financial statements and display the accumulated other comprehensive income loss separately from retained earnings in the equity section of the balance sheet. The changes to the balances of accumulated other comprehensive loss were as follows for the periods indicated.

 

(Dollars in thousands)

  

Unrealized
losses

on securities

    Additional
minimum pension
liability
    Accumulated
other
comprehensive
loss
 

Balance - December 31, 2005

   $ (22,583 )   $ (5,100 )   $ (27,683 )

Other comprehensive loss

     (5,652 )     —         (5,652 )
                        

Balance - March 31, 2006

   $ (28,235 )   $ (5,100 )   $ (33,335 )
                        

Balance - December 31, 2004

   $ (12,905 )   $ (5,569 )   $ (18,474 )

Other comprehensive loss

     (9,243 )     —         (9,243 )
                        

Balance - March 31, 2005

   $ (22,148 )   $ (5,569 )   $ (27,717 )
                        

 

11


GREATER BAY BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) – (CONTINUED)

As of March 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005 and for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2006 and 2005

 

NOTE 2—SECURITIES

The amortized cost and estimated fair value of securities is summarized below:

 

     As of March 31, 2006

(Dollars in thousands)

   Amortized
cost
   Gross
unrealized
gains
   Gross
unrealized
losses
    Fair value

Securities available-for-sale:

          

Governmental sponsored entity notes

   $ 57,710    $ —      $ (2,471 )   $ 55,239

Mortgage and mortgage related securities

     868,842      8      (40,618 )     828,232

Corporate securities

     109,004      1      (1,146 )     107,859
                            

Total securities available-for-sale

     1,035,556      9      (44,235 )     991,330

Securities held-to-maturity:

          

U.S. treasury obligations

     17,567      12      —         17,579

Governmental sponsored entity notes

     243,171      127      (3,790 )     239,508

Tax-exempt securities

     83,276      1,542      (229 )     84,589

Taxable municipal securities

     857      —        (32 )     825

Corporate securities

     91,433      580      (1,561 )     90,452
                            

Total securities held-to-maturity

     436,304      2,261      (5,612 )     432,953

Other securities

     40,192      297      —         40,489
                            

Total securities

   $ 1,512,052    $ 2,567    $ (49,847 )   $ 1,464,772
                            
     As of December 31, 2005

(Dollars in thousands)

   Amortized
cost
   Gross
unrealized
gains
   Gross
unrealized
losses
    Fair value

Securities available-for-sale:

          

Governmental sponsored entity notes

   $ 57,710    $ —      $ (1,810 )   $ 55,900

Mortgage and mortgage related securities

     900,911      3      (31,706 )     869,208

Corporate securities

     86,505      2      (720 )     85,787
                            

Total securities available-for-sale

     1,045,126      5      (34,236 )     1,010,895

Securities held-to-maturity:

          

U.S. treasury obligations

     22,973      13      —         22,986

Governmental sponsored entity notes

     243,960      622      (1,620 )     242,962

Tax-exempt securities

     82,695      2,193      (153 )     84,735

Taxable municipal securities

     857      —        (20 )     837

Corporate securities

     91,427      686      (813 )     91,300
                            

Total securities held-to-maturity

     441,912      3,514      (2,606 )     442,820

Other securities

     40,777      —        —         40,777
                            

Total securities

   $ 1,527,815    $ 3,519    $ (36,842 )   $ 1,494,492
                            

Impaired Securities

Any security for which the current fair value is less than the carrying value is considered impaired. On a quarterly basis, we evaluate all impaired securities to determine if the impairments are other-than-temporary.

As of March 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005, we had no securities with an other-than-temporary impairment. As of March 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005, we had temporarily impaired securities with a fair value of $1.3 billion and $1.2 billion, respectively, and unrealized losses of $49.8 million and $36.8 million, respectively. Securities that are not impaired had a fair value of $205.3 million at March 31, 2006 and $262.3 million at December 31, 2005 and unrealized gains of $2.6 million at March 31, 2006 and $3.5 million at December 31, 2005.

 

12


GREATER BAY BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) – (CONTINUED)

As of March 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005 and for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2006 and 2005

 

As of March 31, 2005, we owned shares of a single series of Federal National Mortgage Association (or “Fannie Mae”) preferred stock and a single series of Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (or “Freddie Mac”) preferred stock. During the three months ended March 31, 2005, we determined that the impairment of these securities was other-than-temporary. At the time this determination was made, these two series of preferred stock had a combined cost basis of $5.3 million and a combined fair value of $4.2 million. As a result of this determination, we recorded a $1.0 million charge to other income during 2005. Subsequent to March 31, 2005, we sold these securities and recovered $6,000 of the impairment charge.

The following table presents the fair value and unrealized loss positions of our temporarily impaired securities, categorized by whether the securities have been impaired for less than 12 months or if they have been impaired for 12 months or more as of March 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005.

 

     As of March 31, 2006
     Less than 12 months     12 months or longer     Total      

(Dollars in thousands)

   Fair value    Unrealized
losses
    Fair value    Unrealized
losses
    Fair value    Unrealized
losses
    Duration
(years)

Available-for-sale securities:

                 

Governmental sponsored entity notes

   $ —      $ —       $ 55,239    $ (2,471 )   $ 55,239    $ (2,471 )   3.40

Mortgage and mortgage related securities

     34,787      (801 )     785,894      (39,817 )     820,681      (40,618 )   3.66

Corporate securities

     64,854      (77 )     23,004      (1,069 )     87,858      (1,146 )   1.21
                                               

Total available-for-sale securities

     99,641      (878 )     864,137      (43,357 )     963,778      (44,235 )   3.42

Held-to-maturity securities:

                 

U.S. treasury obligations

     —        —         —        —         —        —       —  

Governmental sponsored entity notes

     211,030      (3,755 )     1,464      (35 )     212,494      (3,790 )   2.97

Tax-exempt securities

     14,195      (92 )     9,346      (137 )     23,541      (229 )   2.49

Taxable municipal securities

     825      (32 )     —        —         825      (32 )   3.40

Corporate securities

     32,744      (553 )     26,133      (1,008 )     58,877      (1,561 )   2.35
                                               

Total held-to-maturity securities

     258,794      (4,432 )     36,943      (1,180 )     295,737      (5,612 )   2.81
                                               

Total temporarily impaired securities

   $ 358,435    $ (5,310 )   $ 901,080    $ (44,537 )   $ 1,259,515    $ (49,847 )   3.28
                                               
     As of December 31, 2005
     Less than 12 months     12 months or longer     Total      

(Dollars in thousands)

   Fair value    Unrealized
losses
    Fair value    Unrealized
losses
    Fair value    Unrealized
losses
    Duration
(years)

Available-for-sale securities:

                 

U.S. agency notes

   $ —      $ —       $ 55,900    $ (1,810 )   $ 55,900    $ (1,810 )   3.32

Mortgage and mortgage related securities

     147,142      (2,854 )     721,889      (28,853 )     869,031      (31,707 )   3.40

Corporate securities

     17,653      (3 )     23,356      (717 )     41,009      (720 )   2.25
                                               

Total available-for-sale securities

     164,795      (2,857 )     801,145      (31,380 )     965,940      (34,237 )   3.35

Held-to-maturity securities:

                 

U.S. treasury obligations

     17,347      —         —        —         17,347      —       0.23

U.S. agency notes

     183,007      (1,616 )     1,001      (4 )     184,008      (1,620 )   2.65

Tax-exempt securities

     14,550      (139 )     1,333      (13 )     15,883      (152 )   1.62

Taxable municipal securities

     838      (20 )     —        —         838      (20 )   3.60

Corporate securities

     14,815      (165 )     33,413      (648 )     48,228      (813 )   2.79
                                               

Total held-to-maturity securities

     230,557      (1,940 )     35,747      (665 )     266,304      (2,605 )   2.46
                                               

Total temporarily impaired securities

   $ 395,352    $ (4,797 )   $ 836,892    $ (32,045 )   $ 1,232,244    $ (36,842 )   3.16
                                               

The temporary declines in the fair value of the securities are primarily attributable to increases in market interest rates, changes in implied interest rate volatility and changes in the expected time distribution of interest and principal receipts. As of March 31, 2006, there were 260 temporarily impaired securities in these categories, 147 of which have been temporarily impaired for 12 months or longer. The majority of these temporary declines in fair values are in the mortgage-backed and mortgage-related securities (or “MBS”) category. Although MBS securities have contractual maturities of up to 30 years and have interest rate structures ranging from fixed, fixed convertible to adjustable, and adjustable, these securities are subject to contractual amortization and prepayment. Our analysis indicates that the expected interest rate duration for impaired MBS was 3.7 years at March 31, 2006. We closely monitor all of our investments for changes in credit ratings. We do not believe there are any increases in the credit risks attributable to these securities that have given rise to an other-than-temporary impairment. Management has determined that we have the intent and ability to hold these temporarily impaired securities for the period of time necessary to recover their current value impairment. As such, management considers the impairment of these securities to be temporary.

 

13


GREATER BAY BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) – (CONTINUED)

As of March 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005 and for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2006 and 2005

 

NOTE 3—LOANS, ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN AND LEASE LOSSES AND RESERVE FOR UNFUNDED CREDIT COMMITMENTS, AND NONPERFORMING ASSETS

Loans

Our loan portfolio is concentrated in commercial and real estate lending, with the remainder in finance leases and consumer loans. As our lending operations are primarily located in a market area that is dependent on the technology and real estate industries and supporting service companies within the general San Francisco Bay Area, a downturn in these sectors of the economy could adversely impact our borrowers. This could, in turn, adversely impact the borrowers’ ability to repay their loans and reduce the demand for new loans. The majority of real estate loans is secured by properties located in the San Francisco Bay Area. Multi-family residential loans are generally originated at 80% or less loan to value (“LTV”). Other commercial real estate loans are generally originated at 70% or less LTV. Construction loans are generally originated at 75% or less LTV. Management believes that the risk of significant losses is low.

The following table presents the composition of our loan portfolio as of the dates presented:

 

(Dollars in thousands)

   March 31,
2006
    December 31,
2005
 

Commercial

   $ 2,062,141     $ 2,067,873  

Term real estate - commercial

     1,389,635       1,389,329  
                

Total commercial

     3,451,776       3,457,202  

Real estate construction and land

     688,086       644,883  

Residential mortgage

     271,658       266,263  

Real estate other

     230,190       263,164  

Consumer and other

     100,020       108,833  
                

Total loans, gross

     4,741,730       4,740,345  

Deferred fees and costs, net

     (12,006 )     (12,376 )
                

Total loans, net of deferred fees and costs

     4,729,724       4,727,969  

Allowance for loan and lease losses

     (74,568 )     (82,159 )
                

Total loans, net

   $ 4,655,156     $ 4,645,810  
                

During the three months ended March 31, 2006 and the year ended December 31, 2005, we originated lease contracts with an original equipment cost of $11.1 million and $14.0 million, respectively, whose residual value is insured, and as a result are classified as direct financing leases.

 

14


GREATER BAY BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) – (CONTINUED)

As of March 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005 and for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2006 and 2005

 

Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses and Reserve for Unfunded Credit Commitments

The following schedule shows the composition of the reversal of provision for credit losses and the allowance for loan and lease losses and reserve for unfunded credit commitments for the periods indicated:

 

(Dollars in thousands)

   Allowance for
loan and lease
losses
   

Reserve for
unfunded

credit commitments

  

Combined

total

 

Balance, December 31, 2005

   $ 82,159     $ 7,279    $ 89,438  

Charge-offs

     (2,094 )     —        (2,094 )

Recoveries

     2,051       —        2,051  

(Reversal of) / provision for credit losses

     (7,548 )     1,544      (6,004 )
                       

Balance, March 31, 2006

   $ 74,568     $ 8,823    $ 83,391  
                       

Balance, December 31, 2004

   $ 107,517     $ 6,482    $ 113,999  

Charge-offs

     (4,755 )     —        (4,755 )

Recoveries

     1,244       —        1,244  

(Reversal of) / provision for credit losses

     (4,651 )     2,973      (1,678 )
                       

Balance, March 31, 2005

   $ 99,355     $ 9,455    $ 108,810  
                       

The methodology used to determine the estimated requirement for the allowance for loan and lease losses and the reserve for unfunded credit commitments consists of two key components: the individual impairment component and the pool analysis component. The following table provides information about these components for the periods presented.

 

(Dollars in thousands)

   March 31,
2006
   December 31,
2005

Individual impairment component:

     

Specific reserves:

     

Individual loan impairment reserve

   $ 8,856    $ 10,871

Reserve for unfunded credit commitments

     120      121
             

Total individual impairment component

     8,976      10,992
             

Pool analysis component:

     

Migration-based pool analysis:

     

Allowance for loan and lease losses

     46,648      49,962

Reserve for unfunded credit commitments

     7,469      6,014
             

Total migration-based pool analysis component

     54,117      55,976
             

Estimated unidentified incurred loss:

     

Allowance for loan and lease losses

     19,064      21,326

Reserve for unfunded credit commitments

     1,234      1,144
             

Total estimated unidentified incurred loss

     20,298      22,470
             

Total reserves:

     

Allowance for loan and lease losses

     74,568      82,159

Reserve for unfunded credit commitments

     8,823      7,279
             

Total reserves

   $ 83,391    $ 89,438
             

The individual loan impairment component of the allowance for loan and lease losses and the reserve for unfunded commitments is equal to the aggregate amount of specific reserves that are established for impaired loans

 

15


GREATER BAY BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) – (CONTINUED)

As of March 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005 and for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2006 and 2005

 

as defined by SFAS No. 114, “Accounting by Creditors for Impairment of a Loan,” as amended (or “SFAS No. 114”). The measurement of an impaired loan’s value is generally based on the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the effective interest rate stipulated in the loan agreement, except that all collateral-dependent loans are measured for impairment based on the fair value of the collateral. In measuring the fair value of the collateral, management uses assumptions and methodologies consistent with those that would be utilized by unrelated knowledgeable third parties.

The pool analysis is a migration-based analysis and is performed in two steps. The first step includes an estimate of loss based on the distribution of the portfolio by credit risk rating, the probability of default by credit risk rating, and the estimate of loss assuming a loan default. We segment our unimpaired portfolio by credit risk rating and then further segment each category by loan/collateral type. We then apply probability of default factors against each credit risk rating segment to produce an estimate, by loan/collateral type, of the aggregate principal amount of loans that are likely to default. Probability of default rates are calculated for various risk ratings using historical data. We then adjust these rates to account for the inherent deficiencies in the quality of the underlying data used in the calculation, and to account for macro and regional economic issues that have recently occurred that we know will impact these rates, but are not reflected in historical data, such as recent increases in interest rates. Finally, we apply an estimated loss factor, based on collateral type, against the aggregate principal amount of loans that we believe are likely to default to determine an estimate of loss.

The second step of the pool analysis is an estimate of unidentified, incurred loss. Borrowers are impacted by events that result in loan default and an eventual loss that occurs well in advance of a lender’s knowledge of those events. An example of a loss-causing event for a commercial real estate loan would be the loss of a major tenant. There is a lag between the loss-causing event, the loss of a major tenant in this example, and our knowledge of this event. While loss-causing events have likely been identified for loans and unfunded commitments that have been assigned risk ratings associated with criticized assets, they have not been identified for all pass-rated loans and commitments. Therefore, we believe that a portion of the pass-rated assets have heightened risk that would be similar to criticized assets.

Nonperforming Assets

The following table sets forth information regarding nonaccrual loans, restructured loans and accruing loans past due 90 days or more and other nonperforming assets as of March 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005. Nonperforming loans are defined as loans that are on nonaccrual status.

 

(Dollars in thousands)

   March 31,
2006
   December 31,
2005

Nonperforming assets:

     

Nonaccrual loans

   $ 32,992    $ 71,094

Other nonperforming assets

     438      631
             

Total nonperforming assets

   $ 33,430    $ 71,725
             

Restructured loans on accrual status

   $ —      $ 290
             

Accruing loans past due 90 days or more

   $ 211    $ —  
             

Nonaccrual loans at December 31, 2005 included a single client relationship totaling $36.8 million that had been placed on nonaccrual status during the second quarter of 2005. The payoff of the loans comprising this relationship during the three months ended March 31, 2006 is the primary reason for the decline in the balance of nonperforming assets. The carrying value of the loans comprising this relationship as of December 31, 2005 was established based upon the principal proceeds received on the full payoff of these loans during the first quarter of 2006.

 

16


GREATER BAY BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) – (CONTINUED)

As of March 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005 and for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2006 and 2005

 

Impaired loans and the related allowance were as follows:

 

(Dollars in thousands)

   March 31,
2006
   December 31,
2005

Impaired loans with an allowance

   $ 25,752    $ 64,587

Impaired loans without an allowance

     7,240      6,507
             

Total impaired loans

   $ 32,992    $ 71,094
             

Allowance for impaired loans

   $ 8,856    $ 10,871
             

The average recorded investment in impaired loans, which is computed on a month-end basis, was $54.1 million during the three months ended March 31, 2006 and $63.0 million during the year ended December 31, 2005. During the three months ended March 31, 2006 and the year ended December 31, 2005, we recognized no interest income within the periods that the loans were deemed impaired. As of March 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005, all of our impaired loans were on nonaccrual status and are included in nonperforming assets.

NOTE 4—DEPOSITS

Deposits as of March 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005 were as follows:

 

(Dollars in thousands)

   March 31,
2006
   December 31,
2005

Demand, noninterest-bearing

   $ 1,004,575    $ 1,093,157

MMDA, NOW and savings

     2,957,354      3,000,647

Time certificates, $100,000 and over

     782,891      741,682

Other time certificates

     363,941      223,053
             

Total deposits

   $ 5,108,761    $ 5,058,539
             

NOTE 5—BORROWINGS

Borrowings are detailed as follows:

 

(Dollars in thousands)

   March 31,
2006
   December 31,
2005

Short-term borrowings:

     

FHLB advances

   $ 205,000    $ 250,000

Other short-term notes payable

     3,698      3,702
             

Total short-term borrowings

     208,698      253,702
             

Long-term borrowings:

     

FHLB advances

     235,541      155,567

Subordinated debt

     210,311      210,311

5.25% Senior Notes, Series B due March 31, 2008

     149,885      149,876

5.125% Senior Notes, Series D due April 15, 2010

     149,660      149,641

Zero Coupon Senior Convertible Contingent Debt Securities

     —        82,391

Other long-term notes payable

     6,464      6,625
             

Total long-term borrowings

     751,861      754,411
             

Total borrowings

   $ 960,559    $ 1,008,113
             

 

17


GREATER BAY BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) – (CONTINUED)

As of March 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005 and for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2006 and 2005

 

We had $6.6 million in interest payable on borrowings at March 31, 2006 compared to $5.9 million at December 31, 2005.

Zero Coupon Senior Convertible Contingent Debt Securities (or “CODES”)

During the three months ended March 31, 2006, all of the holders of our outstanding CODES due 2024 exercised their put option, in exchange for aggregate cash of $82.5 million. We did not recognize a gain or loss on the transaction. The CODES due 2024 were contingently convertible into an aggregate of 2,145,387 shares of our common stock, but were not convertible at the time of the put.

The CODES due 2024 had embedded derivatives that were recorded at their fair value. The liability for these embedded derivatives had a fair value of $173,000 at the time of the issuance of the CODES due 2024 and less than $1,000 at December 31, 2005. As a result of the put of all the outstanding CODES due 2024, this derivative liability was extinguished.

Other Long-term Borrowings

In March 2005, the holding company entered into a three-year unsecured committed credit facility under which we had $60.0 million available as of March 31, 2006. Under these credit facilities, no advances were outstanding at March 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005, no average balances were outstanding during the three months ended March 31, 2006 and the year ended December 31, 2005 and no amounts were outstanding at any month-end during the three months ended March 31, 2006 and the year ended December 31, 2005. We paid commitment fees on these credit facilities totaling $36,000 during the three months of 2006 and $212,000 during the same period in 2005. This credit facility requires compliance with certain debt covenants, including (a) prohibitions on the imposition of any encumbrance or lien on certain of our properties; (b) the merger or consolidation of the holding company or any of our subsidiaries with any other person, subject to certain exceptions; (c) incurrence of additional holding company debt not explicitly exempted; and (d) the maintenance of certain capital and financial performance ratios. We were in compliance with all related credit facility covenants at March 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005.

Short-term and Long-term Federal Home Loan Bank (or “FHLB”) Advances

FHLB advances are collateralized by securities and loans pledged to the FHLB. We had securities with a carrying value of $526.1 million at March 31, 2006 and $600.9 million at December 31, 2005 and loans with a carrying value of $614.6 million at March 31, 2006 and $595.3 million at December 31, 2005 pledged to the FHLB for both short-term and long-term borrowings.

As of March 31, 2006, long-term FHLB advances mature between 2007 and 2011. During the three months ended March 31, 2006 and the same period in 2005, we paid an average interest rate of 4.34% and 4.06%, respectively, on the long-term advances.

FHLB advances typically include provisions that allow us to repay those advances at our option before their scheduled maturity. Those provisions require the payment of a prepayment fee which is computed based on a predetermined formula that considers, among other factors, changes in interest rates since the issuance of the advance and remaining time until scheduled maturity. Until 2005, the formula for the computation of the prepayment fee included provisions that set the amount of the fee at the greater of the amount computed or $0. During the three months ended March 31, 2006 and the year ended December 31, 2005, we entered into advances with prepayment terms offered by the FHLB, called “Partial Prepayment Symmetry”, whereby the formula used to determine the amount of the fee could result in our receiving a debit or a credit upon the early repayment of an advance. These embedded prepayment terms do not meet the requirement for bifurcation under SFAS No. 133, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities” (or “SFAS No. 133”).

 

18


GREATER BAY BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) – (CONTINUED)

As of March 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005 and for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2006 and 2005

 

Short-term Borrowings

Short-term borrowings were as follows during the periods indicated:

 

(Dollars in thousands)

   March 31,
2006
    December 31,
2005
 

FHLB short-term borrowings:

    

Average balance

   $ 223,856     $ 287,884  

Highest balance at any month-end

   $ 231,645     $ 613,050  

Average interest rate during the period

     4.04 %     3.49 %

Interest rate on advances outstanding at period end

     4.15 %     3.85 %

Short-term agreements to repurchase:

    

Average balance

   $ 59,002     $ 8,041  

Highest balance at any month-end

   $ 94,348     $ 70,603  

Average interest rate during the period

     4.59 %     4.19 %

Interest rate on balance outstanding at period end

     —         —    

Federal funds purchased:

    

Average balance

   $ 1,878     $ —    

Highest balance at any month-end

   $ —       $ —    

Average interest rate during the period

     4.53 %     —    

Interest rate on balance outstanding at period end

     —         —    

NOTE 6—COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Loan Commitments

In the normal course of business, we become contractually obligated under various commitments and contingent liabilities, such as guarantees and commitments to extend credit that are not reflected in the accompanying consolidated financial statements. The following table provides information about the amount of these commitments at the dates indicated.

 

(Dollars in thousands)

   March 31,
2006
   December 31,
2005

Undrawn loan commitments

   $ 1,454,538    $ 1,507,314

Commitments under letters of credit

   $ 111,668    $ 111,964

Loan commitments, which have fixed expiration dates and require the payment of a fee, are typically contingent upon the borrower meeting certain financial and other covenants. Approximately $457.0 million of these commitments relate to real estate construction, a significant portion of which is expected to fund within the next 12 months. The remainder relates primarily to revolving lines of credit or other commercial loans and many of these commitments are expected to expire without being drawn upon, therefore the total commitments do not necessarily represent future cash loan funding amounts. Our exposure to credit loss is limited to amounts funded or drawn.

Guarantees

A guarantee is a contract that contingently requires us to pay a guaranteed party based on changes in the underlying asset, liability, or equity security of the guaranteed party, or a third party’s failure to perform under an obligating guarantee (performance guarantee). In the ordinary course of business, we have issued certain guarantees, which qualify as off-balance sheet arrangements. Those guarantees include the following:

 

19


GREATER BAY BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) – (CONTINUED)

As of March 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005 and for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2006 and 2005

 

    Financial standby letters of credit and financial guarantees are conditional lending commitments issued by us to guarantee the performance of a customer to a third party in borrowing arrangements. The maximum undiscounted future payments that we could be required to make were $103.7 million at March 31, 2006. Unearned fees on these guarantees were $448,000 at March 31, 2006, which we have also deemed to be the fair value of these commitments. We generally have recourse to recover from the customer any amounts paid under these guarantees. The form of collateral that we hold for these guarantees and the amount of the unsecured portion is as follows at the date indicated:

 

(Dollars in thousands)

   March 31, 2006

Cash

   $ 28,786

Credit lines

     44,472

Blanket liens on business assets

     13,222

Real estate

     4,596

Other secured

     538

Unsecured

     12,126
      

Total

   $ 103,740
      

Our performance under certain of these letters of credit may be guaranteed by a third party, such as the FHLB, in instances where the beneficiaries of the letters of credit require such a guarantee.

 

    The Bank has guaranteed credit cards issued to our clients by an unaffiliated financial institution. The combined credit limits on those accounts were $4.5 million at March 31, 2006.

Other Commitments

We incurred gross rental expense of $5.3 million during the three months ended March 31, 2006 and $5.0 million during the same period in 2005. We sublease portions of leased space that is not utilized. Sublease rental income was $159,000 during the three months ended March 31, 2006 and $153,000 during the same period in 2005.

We may be required to make additional payments to the former shareholders of Sullivan & Curtis Insurance Brokers of Washington, LLC and Lucini/Parish Insurance, Inc. (or “Lucini/Parish”) based on future operating results of those acquired entities or their assets. Those payments are described in Note 5 of the notes to consolidated financial statements in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2005.

We have equity investments, including low income housing tax credit partnerships, venture capital funds, and partnerships and corporations which invest in Community Reinvestment Act (or “CRA”) qualified assets for which we have unfunded commitments totaling $8.9 million at March 31, 2006. We have recorded a $708,000 liability for the unfunded commitments related to our investment in low income housing tax credit partnerships. Unfunded commitments for investments in venture capital funds and CRA related investments are not recorded. Those equity investments are described further in Note 15 of the notes to consolidated financial statements.

Contingencies

In the ordinary course of business there are various assertions, claims and legal proceedings pending against us. Management is of the opinion that the ultimate resolution of these proceedings will not have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial position or results of operations.

State attorneys general in several states are investigating insurance brokerage firms to obtain information about compensation agreements between insurance brokers and insurance companies. One of the areas of focus of these inquiries to date has been on contingency or override payments that insurance companies pay to brokers based on the overall relationship and services provided by the broker. Such payments are generally in accordance with longstanding industry practice and may be based upon a variety of factors, including, but not limited to, aggregate volume, profitability, and persistency of insurance policies placed by the broker. The New York Attorney General alleged that Marsh & McLennan Companies, Inc. engaged in illegal bid rigging and steering activities. The California Department of Insurance has also announced that, while it continues to review contingency arrangements, it is deferring any action on proposed broker compensation disclosure regulations in view of industry initiatives underway in this area.

 

20


GREATER BAY BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) – (CONTINUED)

As of March 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005 and for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2006 and 2005

 

ABD receives such commissions and override payments, which amounted to $16.6 million during the twelve months ended March 31, 2006, or 10.2% of total ABD commissions and fees. ABD has received and responded to requests for information from several state insurance commissioners and subpoenas from the Office of the Attorney General of the State of New York and the Office of the Attorney General of the State of Connecticut about ABD’s marketing practices and compensation arrangements with insurance carriers. As a result of conversations with officials of both states, it is our understanding that ABD’s receipt of the subpoenas is part of a broad review of the insurance brokerage industry and that others in the industry have received subpoenas. We anticipate that officials from other jurisdictions may also seek information from ABD as part of the ongoing industry-wide investigations into contingent commissions and override payments. ABD intends to cooperate fully in these investigations.

In response to these developments, we engaged outside counsel to conduct a compliance review of ABD’s contingency commission arrangements and marketing practices, which was completed in the first quarter of 2005. The compliance review included extensive interviews with ABD personnel, analysis of contingency arrangements and review of producer compensation, client files and email activity. No evidence was found to indicate any improper activities of the type alleged by the New York Attorney General in civil actions against firms in New York, nor were any systemic compliance related or other issues identified in these general areas of concern. We continue to monitor industry developments in these areas, as well as ABD’s compliance and disclosure practices.

NOTE 7—SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

The holding company declared dividends per common share of $0.1575 during the three months ended March 31, 2006 and $0.60 during the year ended December 31, 2005. We declared and paid cash dividends on the Series B Preferred Stock of $0.90625 during the three months ended March 31, 2006 and $3.625 during the year ended December 31, 2005. On March 29, 2006, we declared a cash dividend of $0.1575 cents per common share payable on April 17, 2006 to shareholders of record as of April 11, 2006. We recorded a liability for dividends payable on Common Stock of $7.9 million at March 31, 2006 and $7.8 million at December 31, 2005.

 

21


GREATER BAY BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) – (CONTINUED)

As of March 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005 and for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2006 and 2005

 

NOTE 8—NET INCOME PER COMMON SHARE

Basic net income per common share is computed by dividing net income available to common shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the year. Diluted net income per common share is computed by dividing net income available to common shareholders after assumed conversions by the weighted average number of common shares and potential common shares outstanding including dilutive stock options, restricted stock grants, convertible preferred stock and the outstanding CODES. The following table provides a reconciliation of the numerators and denominators of the basic and diluted net income per common share computations for the three months ended March 31, 2006 and 2005:

 

     For the three months ended March 31, 2006

(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)

   Income
(numerator)
    Shares
(denominator)
   Per share
amount

Basic net income prior to cumulative effect of accounting change per common share:

       

Income before cumulative effect of accounting change as reported

   $ 25,771       

Dividends on convertible preferred stock

     (1,832 )     
             

Income available to common shareholders before cumulative effect of accounting change

     23,939     49,802,000    $ 0.48

Effect of dilutive securities:

       

Stock options and restricted stock grants

     —       946,000   

CODES due 2024

     59     1,979,000   
               

Diluted net income prior to cumulative effect of accounting change per common share:

       

Income available to common shareholders before cumulative effect of accounting change

   $ 23,998     52,727,000    $ 0.46
               

Basic net income per common share:

       

Net income

   $ 25,901       

Dividends on preferred stock

     (1,832 )     
             

Income available to common shareholders after cumulative effect of accounting change

     24,069     49,802,000    $ 0.48

Effect of dilutive securities:

       

Stock options and restricted stock grants

     —       946,000   

CODES due 2024

     59     1,979,000   
               

Diluted net income per common share:

       

Income available to common shareholders after cumulative effect of accounting change and assumed conversions

   $ 24,128     52,727,000    $ 0.46
               

(Continued on next page)

 

22


GREATER BAY BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) – (CONTINUED)

As of March 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005 and for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2006 and 2005

 

     For the three months ended March 31, 2005

(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)

   Income
(numerator)
    Shares
(denominator)
   Per share
amount

Basic net income per common share:

       

Net income

   $ 21,510       

Dividends on preferred stock

     (1,840 )     
             

Income available to common shareholders

     19,670     51,135,000    $ 0.38

Effect of dilutive securities:

       

Convertible preferred stock

     —       —     

Stock options and restricted stock grants

     —       1,094,000   

CODES due 2022

     2     15,000   

CODES due 2024

     177     5,940,000   

Diluted net income per common share:

       
               

Income available to common shareholders after assumed conversions

   $ 19,849     58,184,000    $ 0.34
               

The calculations exclude the effect of securities deemed to be anti-dilutive. Anti-dilutive securities are as follows:

 

    Stock options and restricted stock grants — Stock options and restricted stock grants are considered anti-dilutive if assumed proceeds per share are greater than the average market prices of the common stock during the relevant periods. Assumed proceeds include proceeds on the exercise of stock options, unearned compensation for stock options and restricted stock grants, and certain deferred tax benefits for stock options and restricted stock grants. As such, the potential common shares underlying anti-dilutive stock options and restricted stock grants are excluded from the computation of diluted net income per common share. The following indicates the number of shares of our common stock which are available for purchase under anti-dilutive stock options as of the dates indicated:

 

     March 31,
2006
   March 31,
2005

Stock options

   2,437,207    2,269,913

There were no anti-dilutive restricted stock grants at March 31, 2006 and March 31, 2005.

 

    Convertible preferred stock — There were 2,021,132 shares of Series B Preferred Stock outstanding at March 31, 2006 compared to 2,030,863 shares outstanding at March 31, 2005. Each share of Series B Preferred Stock is currently convertible into 1.67 shares of our Common Stock at the option of the preferred stock shareholder. The Series B Preferred Stock was anti-dilutive for all periods presented since the quotient of the dividends paid on the preferred stock for each period divided by the potential common shares of the convertible preferred stock was greater than the diluted net income per common share during the period.

 

23


GREATER BAY BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) – (CONTINUED)

As of March 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005 and for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2006 and 2005

 

NOTE 9 – STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION

Stock Option Plan

At March 31, 2006, we had a single share-based compensation plan, the Greater Bay Bancorp Amended and Restated 1996 Stock Option Plan, (or the “1996 Plan”), which is described below. The compensation expense and related income tax benefit recognized in the income statement for share-based compensation arrangements was as follows:

 

     Three months ended March 31,  
     2006     2005  

(Dollars in thousands)

   Stock options     Restricted stock     Stock options    Restricted stock  

Stock-based compensation expense (1)

   $ 515     $ 1,456     $ —      $ 184  

Income tax benefit

     (71 )     (612 )     —        (77 )
                               
     444       844       —        107  

Cumulative effect of accounting change, net of tax

     —         (130 )     —        —    
                               
   $ 444     $ 714     $ —      $ 107  
                               

(1) Stock-based compensation expense for restricted stock during the three months ended March 31, 2006 includes the recognition of expenses related to prior periods of $1.1 million associated with holders whose vesting may be accelerated due to retirement age provisions in their restricted stock grant agreements.

The adoption of SFAS No. 123R resulted in a cumulative benefit from accounting change that reflects the net cumulative impact of estimating future forfeitures in the determination of period expense, rather than recording forfeitures when they occur as previously permitted for previously expensed restricted stock grants. Stock-based compensation expense for grants issued to our employees is included in compensation and benefits and the expense for grants issued to our directors is included in directors fees, within other expenses in our consolidated statements of operations. None of the stock-based compensation cost has been capitalized.

The 1996 Plan is shareholder-approved. The total authorized shares issuable under the 1996 Plan was approximately 20,204,312 shares and the number of shares available for future grants at March 31, 2006 was approximately 6,915,975 shares. Under the 1996 Plan, stock options and restricted stock may be granted to employees, non-employee directors, and consultants. Stock options may be either incentive or nonqualified stock options as defined under current tax laws. The exercise price of stock options must equal the closing price of our stock on the date of grant. The term of stock options may not exceed 10 years. Stock options generally vest ratably over the initial five-year period. The term of the restrictions on restricted stock grants are determined on a grant-by-grant basis and generally lapse over periods ranging from two to five years.

Our restricted stock grant agreements contain a provision under which the restrictions lapse upon the retirement of the grantee, defined as termination of service upon the attainment of age 65. As a result of this provision, the service period over which we recognize compensation expense for restricted stock grants does not include any portion of the vesting period that occurs after the grantee reaches age 65. If a grantee is 65 years old or older on the date of grant, all of the compensation costs are expensed on the date of grant. Restricted stock granted to employees and directors who have reached retirement age and have not terminated service is considered to be unvested for purposes of determining the weighted average outstanding shares of common stock as part of our computation of net income per share as the restrictions on those share have not lapsed.

We issue new shares upon the exercise of stock options or the grant of restricted stock. All stock options and restricted stock grants have vesting conditions that include only service conditions; none of the grants contains performance or market vesting conditions. As of March 31, 2006 and for the three month periods ended March 31, 2006 and 2005, all outstanding share-based payment awards were originally granted to employees and directors. All of our share-based payment awards qualify for classification as equity.

 

24


GREATER BAY BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) – (CONTINUED)

As of March 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005 and for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2006 and 2005

 

The fair values for our stock-based compensation plans are estimated using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. Expected term is based on historical employee stock option exercise behavior, the vesting terms of the respective options and the contractual term of ten years. Expected volatility is based on the daily historical volatility of our stock price over the expected term of the option. The risk-free interest rate for periods equal to the expected term of the share option is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant.

 

     Three months ended March 31,  
     2006     2005  

Stock option plan:

    

Expected term (in years)

   5.95     5.86  

Expected volatility

   40.0 %   40.9 %

Risk free rate

   4.4 %   4.0 %

Dividend yield

   2.3 %   2.3 %

Employee stock purchase plan (1):

    

Expected term (in years)

   n/a     0.25  

Expected volatility

   n/a     23.9 %

Risk free rate

   n/a     1.3 %

Dividend yield

   n/a     2.0 %

(1) The employee stock purchase plan was terminated effective September 30, 2005.

A summary of our stock options as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2006 is presented below:

 

(Dollars and shares in thousands, except per share amounts)

   Shares     Weighted-
average
exercise price
per share
   Weighted-
average
remaining
contractual
term (in years)
   Aggregate
intrinsic value

Outstanding at January 1, 2006

   6,115     $ 23.91      

Granted

   72     $ 26.83      

Exercised

   (286 )   $ 16.37      

Forfeited

   (42 )   $ 17.03      

Expired

   (50 )   $ 34.76      
              

Outstanding at March 31, 2006

   5,809     $ 24.27    5.83    $ 20,162
              

Exercisable at March 31, 2006

   4,869     $ 24.98    5.40    $ 13,437
              

The weighted-average grant-date fair value of options granted during the three months ended March 31, 2006 and the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2004 was $9.63, $9.53, and $10.41, respectively. The total intrinsic value of options exercised during the three months ended March 31, 2006 and the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2004, was $3.0 million, $6.9 million, and $13.2 million, respectively.

 

25


GREATER BAY BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) – (CONTINUED)

As of March 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005 and for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2006 and 2005

 

A summary of our unvested restricted stock as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2006 is presented below:

 

(Dollars and shares in thousands, except per share amounts)

   Shares     Weighted-
average grant
date fair value

Unvested at January 1, 2006

   251     $ 24.76

Granted

   86     $ 26.91

Vested

   (41 )   $ 25.82

Forfeited

   —         n/a
        

Unvested at March 31, 2006

   296     $ 25.24
        

As of March 31, 2006, there was $5.6 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to restricted stock granted under the 1996 Plan. That cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 3.2 years. The total fair value of shares vested during the three months ended March 31, 2006 and the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2004, was $1.1 million, $786,000, and $405,000, respectively.

NOTE 10—INCOME TAXES

Our effective income tax rate during the three months ended March 31, 2006 was 36.5%, compared to 36.7% for the same period in 2005. The effective rates were lower than the combined Federal and state statutory rate of 41.5% primarily due to California enterprise zone interest income exclusion, tax-exempt income on municipal securities, bank-owned life insurance policy investment earnings and low housing and new markets tax credit funds. The tax benefits for items exempt from taxation have been partially offset by stock-based compensation expense for incentive stock options, for which we do not recognize a tax benefit for financial statement purposes.

In 2004, we received a notice from Internal Revenue Service (or “the IRS”) challenging the deductibility of certain expenses totaling $34.9 million on our 2000 and 2001 tax returns primarily related to multiple corporate acquisitions during those years. We originally estimated that if all of the adjustments in the notice were upheld for federal and state tax purposes, the combined federal and California tax cost would be approximately $11.5 million. We have resolved the issues presented in the notice with the IRS. The result of that resolution is a permanent disallowance of approximately $1.5 million of deductions claimed. The other items in the notice were allowed either as current deductions or as deductions in other tax years.

We and our outside advisors have analyzed our current income tax expense accrual, giving consideration to developments in the course of the audit concerning both previously unclaimed deductions for the tax years in question and the agreed upon disallowed deductions. Based upon this analysis, we determined that it was not probable that an additional net income tax liability had been incurred as a result of the IRS examination and therefore no tax expense was recorded related to these matters during the year ended December 31, 2005 or the three months ended March 31, 2006.

In 2001, the Bank formed CNB Investment Trust I (or “CNBIT I”) as a real estate investment trust subsidiary that in turn formed CNB Investment Trust II (or “CNBIT II”) as a real estate investment trust subsidiary. Both CNBIT I and CNBIT II elected to be taxed as real estate investment trusts for Federal and state tax purposes. CNBIT I and CNBIT II were formed in order to provide flexibility in raising capital. In the fourth quarter of 2001, CNBIT II sold $15.0 million of preferred stock in order to raise capital. The sale of the preferred stock resulted in a one-time $34.0 million loss for income tax purposes and a corresponding $11.4 million permanent reduction in 2001 income tax expense.

 

26


GREATER BAY BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) – (CONTINUED)

As of March 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005 and for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2006 and 2005

 

During the second quarter of 2004, the IRS requested information concerning the reported 2001 tax loss from the sale of CNBIT II’s preferred stock in connection with its ongoing examination of the 2000 and 2001 tax years. To date, the IRS has not issued an administrative notice of proposed adjustment or any other written notice regarding the claimed loss deduction. However, recently the IRS informed us that it intends to challenge some or all of the 2001 loss deductions. Due to these statements by the IRS, we believe that it is likely that the IRS will seek to adjust some or all of the loss we deducted in 2001 in connection with the sale of the CNBIT II preferred stock. If the IRS successfully disallowed the entire loss deduction, the tax cost to us would be approximately $10.7 million plus interest estimated at $800,000. We believe that the loss deduction was claimed in accordance with relevant tax statutes and we would vigorously contest any proposed disallowance of such tax benefits in appropriate proceedings, if necessary. Should the IRS successfully challenge the validity of our loss deduction, incremental taxes would be reported in income tax expense in the period such a decision is reached, or earlier, if we determine that such an outcome is probable and estimable.

Our real estate investment trust subsidiaries paid consent dividends to the Bank under the REIT rules in 2001 through March 31, 2006 and the Bank deducted such consent dividends for California tax purposes. From inception through March 31, 2006, we have recognized a cumulative net tax benefit, net of tax reserves of $2.3 million on these consent dividends. During 2003, the California Franchise Tax Board (or “FTB”) took the position that consent dividends are not deductible for California franchise and income tax purposes. We filed amended California tax returns for 2001 and 2002 and paid additional taxes and interest in accordance with the position of the FTB of $578,000 and $3.0 million, respectively, and we plan to file refund claims to protect our original filing position in those years and all future years. We believe that the California tax benefits claimed with respect to the consent dividends were claimed in accordance with relevant California tax law and we intend to vigorously contest the position of the FTB in appropriate proceedings, if necessary. Should we prevail in our position, additional financial statement tax benefit may be recognized in the period in which the issue is resolved. However, if the FTB successfully challenged the validity of our position, incremental taxes would be reported in income tax expense in the period that such a decision is reached, or earlier if we determine that such an outcome is probable and estimable.

The FTB commenced an audit of our 2001 and 2002 tax years in the second quarter of 2005. On April 26, 2006, the FTB issued to us a Notice of Proposed Assessment (or “NPA”) concerning bad debt deductions that we claimed in 2001 under the reserve method. The NPA is an FTB proposal only at this stage, not a final determination. It is subject to further discussion and analysis at the field level and administrative review and adjustments at the appeals levels. If the matter is not resolved satisfactorily at the field level, we will evaluate all administrative and legal processes available to us. The NPA disagrees with the reserve method that we utilized in 2001 and seeks to reduce our bad debt deduction for that year. If the FTB were to be successful in whole in its position in the NPA, we estimate that the net tax cost to us would be approximately $1.4 million, plus interest. In addition to the assessment of additional tax, the NPA asserts that, in the event the FTB is successful in reducing the bad debt deduction claimed by us, it would assert penalties in addition to the amount of tax and interest due with respect to the 2001 tax year. We believe that the position we took concerning bad debt reserves for 2001 was appropriate under then existing California law and we intend to vigorously contest the position of the FTB in the NPA in appropriate proceedings, if necessary. In addition, even if the FTB were successful in reducing the bad debt deduction claimed by us in 2001, we do not believe we will be subject to additional penalties as asserted by the FTB based on existing California law and the California tax payments made by us under the California amnesty program. Should the FTB successfully challenge the validity of our loss deduction, incremental taxes would be reported in income tax expense in the period such a decision is reached, or earlier, if we determine that such an outcome is probable and estimable.

The years 2000 through 2004 remain open for both IRS and FTB purposes. The IRS has commenced its examination of the our tax returns for 2002 through 2004. The 2005 Federal and state tax returns have not been filed as of March 31, 2006.

 

27


GREATER BAY BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) – (CONTINUED)

As of March 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005 and for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2006 and 2005

 

NOTE 11—BUSINESS SEGMENTS

We have four reportable business segments, including community banking, treasury, Matsco, and ABD. The services that these segments provide are as follows:

 

    Community banking operates offices throughout the San Francisco Bay Area including the Silicon Valley, San Francisco, the San Francisco Peninsula, the East Bay, together with Santa Cruz, Marin, Monterey, and Sonoma Counties.

 

    Matsco provides dental and veterinarian financing services nationally.

 

    ABD, with offices located in California, Washington, and Nevada, provides commercial insurance brokerage, employee benefits consulting, and risk management solutions to business clients throughout the United States. ABD sells commercial, property and casualty, employee benefits, life, and retirement insurance products and provides consulting services to their clients enabling them to strengthen their risk management programs. ABD also owns a broker-dealer that advises clients on plan design and investment decisions regarding their employees’ retirement plans. .

 

    Treasury manages the Bank’s investment portfolio, wholesale fundings, and day-to-day liquidity position. Treasury’s assets and liabilities include the Bank’s investment portfolio and wholesale fundings.

We have four smaller operating segments (Greater Bay Capital, Greater Bay SBA Group, Greater Bay Business Funding, and Greater Bay Trust Company) whose results are combined and reported in all other segments. Our business segments do not include the results of the holding company, bank administration and operations, the Greater Bay Real Estate Lending Group, and Greater Bay Corporate Finance Group (or “Corporate Finance”) as those units do not meet the definition of an operating segment. The results for these four units are included below in the reconciliation between business segment totals and our consolidated totals. Bank administration and operations is comprised of our core administrative functions, including executive management, accounting, finance, information technology, facilities, human resources, in-house counsel, internal audit, and risk management. Bank administration and operations also includes back-office administrative functions related to client services, loan services, international banking, and cash management. The results for Corporate Finance during the three months ended March 31, 2005 represent the run-off of the remaining loans for that unit. During the three months ended March 31, 2006, there were no remaining Corporate Finance loans.

 

28


GREATER BAY BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) – (CONTINUED)

As of March 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005 and for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2006 and 2005

 

Intersegment Revenues and Expenses

The segment data includes intersegment revenues and expenses. These intersegment revenues and expenses are eliminated in consolidation.

Intersegment Interest Charges Received and Paid

Community banking, and to a lesser degree the Greater Bay Trust Company, are our primary core deposit gathering operating segments. The community banking segment and the Greater Bay Trust Company earn intersegment interest revenues from treasury on their excess funds placements. Our treasury department also undertakes wholesale financings on behalf of the Bank. Because Matsco, Greater Bay Capital, Greater Bay SBA Group, Greater Bay Business Funding (or collectively “our other lending segments”) do not have the same ability as community banking to self-fund their assets, they purchase their funding from the treasury segment. The following is a summary of intersegment interest charges received/(paid) for the periods indicated:

 

     For the three months ended March 31,  

(Dollars in thousands)

   2006     2005  

Community banking

   $ 27,362     $ 22,300  

Treasury

   $ (13,790 )   $ (12,134 )

Matsco

   $ (8,235 )   $ (6,360 )

All other segments

   $ (4,944 )   $ (3,427 )

Other reconciling items/ eliminating entries

   $ (393 )   $ (379 )

During the three months ended March 31, 2006, intersegment interest revenue received by community banking for placement of customer deposits with treasury was based upon prevailing matched maturity brokered deposit rates available to the Bank in its wholesale funding operations. Community banking received interest revenue from treasury for placement of other non-interest-bearing funds based on the trailing five-year average of the five-year FHLB advance rate. These intersegment community banking revenues were partially offset by interest changes from treasury for funding provided to finance community banking’s loan portfolio. The rate on these intersegment advances was the lower of the matched maturity brokered deposit rate or FHLB advance rate available to the Bank in its wholesale funding operations. During the three months ended March 31, 2005, the interest rate paid by treasury to community banking on excess funds placements was based on the weighted average yield earned on the Bank’s available-for-sale securities. We determined that it was not practicable to restate intersegment interest revenue paid by treasury to community banking during prior periods. If we had continued to use the previous transfer pricing method during the three months ended March 31, 2006, community banking’s intersegment interest revenues would have been $27.1 million and treasury’s intersegment interest charges would have been $13.5 million.

During the three months ended March 31, 2006 and 2005, the rate paid for the net funding by our other lending segments to treasury was based on brokered time deposit rates available to the Bank in its wholesale funding operations. The interest rate maturities of intersegment fundings were matched to the expected interest rate maturities of the other lending segments’ assets. Incremental intersegment funding was provided as needed with interest rate maturities matched to those of newly originated loans adjusted for changes in expected maturities of the units’ seasoned loan portfolios. The rate for the entire intersegment funding pool was reset monthly with the total fundings adjusted to meet unit requirements.

ABD is primarily funded with equity. On occasion, ABD utilizes intersegment borrowings, including borrowings from the holding company. At March 31, 2006, ABD had $10.0 million in borrowings outstanding from the holding company. There were no such borrowings outstanding at December 31, 2005. ABD paid interest to the holding company totaling $97,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2006. No such interest was paid during the three months ended March 31, 2005. ABD also deposits transaction and discretionary cash with community banking. These deposits are eliminated in consolidation.

 

29


GREATER BAY BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) – (CONTINUED)

As of March 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005 and for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2006 and 2005

 

Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses

We have changed the methodology for computing the allowance for loan and lease losses, the reserve for unfunded commitments and the related provision for credit losses for our business segments. Effective January 1, 2006, we began to use the same methodology for our business segments that we use for the consolidated financial statements. Prior periods have been restated to conform to our current methodology.

Other Intersegment Revenues

ABD received insurance commissions and fees from the holding company and the operating segments totaling $211,000 during the three months ended March 31, 2006 and $76,000 during the same period in 2005.

All remaining intersegment revenue is not significant to business segment results.

Intercompany Allocation and the Provision for Income Taxes

Our intercompany allocation for general and administrative expenses is not administered at the operating segment level. As a result, expenses related to back-office functions, including costs related to certain centralized loan and deposit service functions are included with the administrative units whose results are included in the column labeled “other reconciling items.” Salaries and benefits for centralized loan and deposit service functions included in the Bank’s administrative units totaled $3.8 million during the three months ended March 31, 2006 and $4.2 million during the same period in 2005.

Similarly, we do not allocate the provision for income taxes to our operating segments.

Management does not consider such unallocated general and administrative expenses or the provision for income taxes when evaluating segment results. Therefore, the operating results for business segments are shown before intercompany allocation and the provision for income taxes.

Changes to Operating Segments Presented

In our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2005, the community banking business segment included the results of treasury and bank administration and operations. Effective October 1, 2005, our view of the community banking segment evolved such that we no longer focus on the evaluation of this combined community banking unit, including treasury and administration, but instead evaluate these three units separately. Among the factors that contributed to this change was the hiring of a dedicated President of community banking whose oversight responsibilities do not extend to the treasury and administration functions. As a result of this change in how we view our business, we have determined that community banking and treasury are separate reportable business segments, and we consider bank administration and operations not to be part of our operating segments, and include their results in other reconciling items. Effective January 1, 2006, we began to attribute certain administration expenses related exclusively to the community banking business segment to that segment. Those expenses, which are primarily associated with the management of community banking, were previously included with other bank administration and operating expenses.

As of March 31, 2005, we evaluated the results of our specialty finance division on a consolidated level. With the continuing growth of Greater Bay Capital, we refocused our evaluation of the results of the specialty finance division at the individual unit level during 2005. As a result of this change, effective October 1, 2005, we determined Matsco to be a separate reportable business segment. Additionally, the remaining specialty finance group units, Greater Bay Capital, Greater Bay SBA Group, and Greater Bay Business Funding, also have individually been determined to be operating segments. However, those units are not required to be separately reported and their results are included in all other segments.

 

30


GREATER BAY BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) – (CONTINUED)

As of March 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005 and for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2006 and 2005

 

As of March 31, 2005, we voluntarily reported the results of the Greater Bay Trust Company separately in our segment information. As the Greater Bay Trust Company does not meet the requirements for a reportable business segment during the three months ended March 31, 2006 or 2005, its results are included in all other segments.

We have restated all prior period segment information to conform to the current composition of reportable segments.

Results by Business Segment

The following tables show key operating results for each of our business segments, the combined total for all of our business segments, reconciling items, and the eliminating entries used to arrive at our consolidated totals:

 

     For the three months ended March 31, 2006  

(Dollars in thousands)

   Community
banking
    Treasury     Matsco     ABD    All other     Total
business
segments
    Other
reconciling
items (1)
    Eliminating
entries
    Consolidated
total
 

Interest income

   $ 87,938     $ 18,687     $ 16,692     $ 225    $ 11,361     $ 134,903     $ 3,578     $ (34,727 )   $ 103,754  

Interest expense

     24,097       24,120       8,235       129      6,116       62,697       9,164       (34,727 )     37,134  

Net interest income before

                   

(reversal of) / provision for credit losses

     63,841       (5,433 )     8,457       96      5,245       72,206       (5,586 )     —         66,620  

(Reversal of) / provision for credit losses

     (1,200 )     (94 )     (3,508 )     —        (1,202 )     (6,004 )     —         —         (6,004 )
                                                                       

Net interest income after

                   

(reversal of) / provision for credit losses

     65,041       (5,339 )     11,965       96      6,447       78,210       (5,586 )     —         72,624  

Non-interest income

     3,375       27       842       45,374      7,187       56,805       5,127       (1,899 )     60,033  

Operating expenses

     13,822       —         3,211       36,144      7,623       60,800       33,213       (1,899 )     92,114  
                                                                       

Income before provision for income taxes

   $ 54,594     $ (5,312 )   $ 9,596     $ 9,326    $ 6,011     $ 74,215     $ (33,672 )   $ —       $ 40,543  
                                                                       

(1) Does not include the holding company’s undistributed income of its subsidiaries, which is eliminated in consolidation.

 

     For the three months ended March 31, 2005  

(Dollars in thousands)

   Community
banking
    Treasury    Matsco    ABD    All other    Total
business
segments
    Other
reconciling
items (1)
    Eliminating
entries
    Consolidated
Total
 

Interest income

   $ 74,510     $ 19,897    $ 14,799    $ 348    $ 8,477    $ 118,031     $ 1,491     $ (27,724 )   $ 91,798  

Interest expense

     15,483       18,806      6,360      55      4,292      44,996       8,484       (27,724 )     25,756  
                                                                    

Net interest income before

                      

(reversal of) / provision for credit losses

     59,027       1,091      8,439      293      4,185      73,035       (6,993 )     —         66,042  

(Reversal of) / provision for credit losses

     (8,291 )     565      5,895      —        153      (1,678 )     —         —         (1,678 )
                                                                    

Net interest income after

                      

(reversal of) / provision for credit losses

     67,318       526      2,544      293      4,032      74,713       (6,993 )     —         67,720  

Non-interest income

     3,490       333      1,072      38,198      5,981      49,074       2,882       (1,763 )     50,193  

Operating expenses

     13,671       —        2,970      30,242      6,133      53,016       32,695       (1,763 )     83,948  
                                                                    

Income before provision for income taxes

   $ 57,137     $ 859    $ 646    $ 8,249    $ 3,880    $ 70,771     $ (36,806 )   $ —       $ 33,965  
                                                                    

(1) Does not include the holding company’s undistributed income of its subsidiaries, which is eliminated in consolidation.

 

31


GREATER BAY BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) – (CONTINUED)

As of March 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005 and for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2006 and 2005

 

The following tables show the financial position for each of our business segments, the combined total for all of our business segments, reconciling items, and the eliminating entries used to arrive at our consolidated totals:

 

     At March 31, 2006

(Dollars in thousands)

   Community
banking
   Treasury    Matsco    ABD    All other    Total
business
segments
   Other
reconciling
items (1)
   Eliminating
entries
    Consolidated
total

Total assets

   $ 3,033,205    $ 1,672,179    $ 912,703    $ 368,583    $ 612,680    $ 6,599,350    $ 1,761,331    $ (1,252,175 )   $ 7,108,506

Deposits

     4,579,210      637,390      —        —        47,699      5,264,299      13,467      (169,004 )     5,108,762

Assets under administration

     —        —        —        —        669,732      669,732      —        —         669,732

(1) Does not include the holding company’s investment in subsidiaries, which is eliminated in consolidation.

 

     At December 31, 2005

(Dollars in thousands)

   Community
banking
   Treasury    Matsco    ABD    All other    Total
business
segments
   Other
reconciling
items (1)
   Eliminating
entries
    Consolidated
total

Total assets

   $ 3,066,559    $ 1,698,088    $ 878,453    $ 365,384    $ 607,847    $ 6,616,331    $ 850,001    $ (345,363 )   $ 7,120,969

Deposits

     4,760,022      493,672      —        —        45,808      5,299,502      9,649      (250,612 )     5,058,539

Assets under administration

     —        —        —        —        633,033      633,033      —        —         633,033

(1) Does not include the holding company’s investment in subsidiaries, which is eliminated in consolidation.

NOTE 12—SUPPLEMENTAL EMPLOYEE RETIREMENT PLAN

We have entered into individual agreements with certain executives and senior officers to provide supplemental employee retirement plan benefits and have adopted a 2005 Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan (or collectively “the SERPs”). See Note 19 of the notes to consolidated financial statements presented in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2005 for additional information and a description of the SERPs.

For the three months ended March 31, 2006, we made contributions of $370,000 to secular trusts which fund benefits for certain current and former executive officers under their SERPs. We presently anticipate contributing $874,000 to fund the secular trusts during the remainder of 2006.

Net pension cost included the following components for the periods indicated.

 

     Three months ended March 31,

(Dollars in thousands)

   2006    2005

Service cost-benefits earned during the period

   $ 509    $ 570

Interest cost on projected benefit obligation

     653      605

Amortization of prior service cost

     805      805

Recognized net actuarial loss

     121      145
             

Net periodic pension cost

   $ 2,088    $ 2,125
             

NOTE 13—RECENT ACCOUNTING DEVELOPMENTS

Accounting for Share-Based Payments

In December 2004, the FASB issued SFAS No. 123R, which replaces SFAS No. 123, and supersedes APB 25. SFAS No. 123R requires the cost of all share-based payments to employees, including grants of employee stock options, to be measured based on the grant date fair values. That cost will be recognized over the period during which an employee is required to provide service in exchange for the award, usually the vesting period. In addition, SFAS No. 123R will cause unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to options granted prior to the date of initial adoption and vesting after that date to be recognized as a charge to results of operations over the

 

32


GREATER BAY BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) – (CONTINUED)

As of March 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005 and for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2006 and 2005

 

remaining vesting period based on their original grant date values, as determined in accordance with SFAS No. 123. In April 2005, the SEC approved a delay to the effective date of SFAS No. 123R, as a result of which, we were required to adopt SFAS No. 123R beginning January 1, 2006.

In November 2005, FASB issued FSP SFAS No. 123R-3, which provides a practical transition election related to accounting for the pool of excess tax benefits available to absorb tax deficiencies recognized subsequent to the adoption of SFAS No. 123R. FSP 123R-3 allows us to make a one-time election to adopt this transition method. The FSP allows us to take up to one year from our initial adoption of SFAS No. 123R to evaluate our transition alternatives and make an election.

We adopted SFAS No. 123R effective January 1, 2006. See Note 1 of the notes to consolidated financial statements for a description of the method of adoption and the effect of the adoption on our results of operations.

Accounting for Servicing of Financial Assets

In March 2006, the FASB issued SFAS 156, “Accounting for Servicing of Financial Assets” (or “SFAS No. 156”). SFAS No. 156, which is an amendment to FAS No. 140, addresses the recognition and measurement of separately recognized servicing assets and liabilities and provides an approach to simplify efforts to obtain hedge-like (offset) accounting and reduce the volatility that results from the use of different measurement attributes for servicing rights and the related financial instruments used to economically hedge risks associated with those servicing rights. The standard also (1) clarifies when an obligation to service financial assets should be separately recognized as a servicing asset or a servicing liability, (2) requires that a separately recognized servicing asset or servicing liability be initially measured at fair value, if practicable, and (3) permits an entity with a separately recognized servicing asset or servicing liability to choose the amortization or fair value method for subsequent measurement. SFAS 156 is effective as of the beginning of an entity’s fiscal year beginning after September 15, 2006, with earlier adoption permitted as of the beginning of the entity’s fiscal year as long as no financial statements, including interim periods, have been issued.

We did not elect early adoption of SFAS No. 156. We do not expect the adoption of this statement to have a material impact on our financial condition or operating results.

Accounting for Certain Hybrid Financial Instruments

In February 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 155, “Accounting for Certain Hybrid Financial Instruments—an amendment of FASB Statements No. 133 and 140” (or “SFAS No. 155”.) This Statement amends SFAS No. 133 and SFAS No. 140, “Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and Extinguishments of Liabilities” (or “SFAS No. 140”). SFAS No. 155 (1) permits fair value remeasurement for any hybrid financial instrument that contains an embedded derivative that otherwise would require bifurcation, (2) clarifies which interest-only strips and principal-only strips are not subject to the requirements of SFAS No. 133, (3) establishes a requirement to evaluate interests in securitized financial assets to identify interests that are freestanding derivatives or that are hybrid financial instruments that contain an embedded derivative requiring bifurcation, (4) clarifies that concentrations of credit risk in the form of subordination are not embedded derivatives, and (5) amends SFAS No. 140 to eliminate the prohibition on a qualifying special-purpose entity from holding a derivative financial instrument that pertains to a beneficial interest other than another derivative financial instrument. SFAS No. 155 improves financial reporting by eliminating the exemption from applying SFAS No. 133 to interests in securitized financial assets so that similar instruments are accounted for similarly regardless of the form of the instruments. This statement also improves financial reporting by allowing a preparer to elect fair value measurement at acquisition, at issuance, or when a previously recognized financial instrument is subject to a remeasurement (new basis) event, on an instrument-by-instrument basis, in cases in which a derivative would otherwise have to be bifurcated. Providing a fair value measurement election also results in more financial instruments being measured at what the Board regards as the most relevant attribute for a financial instrument’s fair value. SFAS No. 155 is effective for all financial instruments acquired or issued after the beginning of an entity’s first fiscal year that begins after September 15, 2006.

 

33


GREATER BAY BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) – (CONTINUED)

As of March 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005 and for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2006 and 2005

 

We do not expect the adoption of this statement to have a material impact on our financial condition or operating results.

Bifurcation of Embedded Prepayment Options in Certain Debt Instruments

In June 2005, the FASB cleared Derivatives Implementation Group (or “DIG”) Issue B38, “Evaluation of Net Settlement with Respect to the Settlement of a Debt Instrument through Exercise of an Embedded Put Option or Call Option” (or “DIG Issue B38”), and DIG Issue B39, “Application of Paragraph 13(b) to Call Options That Are Exercisable Only by the Debtor” (or “DIG Issue B39”.) The guidance in DIG Issue B38 states that the potential settlement of the debtor’s obligation upon the exercise of an embedded put option or call option meets the net-settlement criterion because the cash paid to the creditor in settling the debtor’s obligation is not associated with the underlying contract. Thus, if all of the criteria in paragraph 12 of SFAS No. 133 are met, the embedded put or call option must be bifurcated and accounted for separately. DIG Issue B39 states that as long as only the debtor has the ability to exercise an embedded call option, that call option would not meet the conditions above requiring bifurcation. This statement is effective the first day of the first fiscal quarter beginning after December 15, 2005.

The adoption of this statement did not have a material impact on our financial condition or operating results.

Accounting Changes and Error Corrections

In May 2005, the FASB issued SFAS No. 154, “Accounting Changes and Error Corrections.” This statement requires retrospective application to prior periods’ financial statements of changes in accounting principle, unless it is impracticable to determine either the period-specific effects or the cumulative effect of the change. This statement also requires that any correction of an error in the financial statements of a prior period discovered subsequent to their issuance shall be reported as a prior-period adjustment by restating the prior period. This statement is effective for accounting changes and corrections of errors made in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2005.

The adoption of this statement did not have a material impact on our financial condition or operating results.

Proposed Interpretation: Accounting for Uncertain Tax Positions

In July 2005, the FASB published an Exposure Draft of a proposed Interpretation, “Accounting for Uncertain Tax Positions.” The Exposure Draft seeks to reduce the significant diversity in practice associated with recognition and measurement in the accounting for income taxes. It would apply to all tax positions accounted for in accordance with SFAS No. 109, “Accounting for Income Taxes” (or “SFAS No. 109”). The Exposure Draft contains guidance with respect to the measurement of the benefit that is recognized for an uncertain tax position, when that benefit should be derecognized, and other matters. This proposed Interpretation would clarify the accounting for uncertain tax positions in accordance with SFAS No. 109. FASB is continuing to deliberate this Interpretation in 2006 and expects to issue a final Interpretation, which would include amendments to SFAS No. 109, in 2006.

We will evaluate the impact of this proposed Interpretation on our results of operations upon the final issuance of the Interpretation.

 

34


GREATER BAY BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) – (CONTINUED)

As of March 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005 and for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2006 and 2005

 

NOTE 14—RELATED PARTY LOANS

We have, and expect to have in the future, banking transactions in the ordinary course of business with directors, executive officers and their affiliates. These transactions are entered into under terms and conditions equivalent to those entered into in arms’ length transactions and are made subject to approval by the Bank’s Board of Directors. None of these loans is on nonaccrual status. An analysis of total loans to related parties for the periods presented:

 

     Three months ended March 31,  

(Dollars in thousands)

   2006     2005  

Beginning balance

   $ 52,036     $ 53,725  

Additions

     17,131       —    

Repayments

     (8,831 )     (21,763 )
                

Ending balance

   $ 60,336     $ 31,962  
                

Undisbursed commitments

   $ 43,232     $ 22,790  
                

NOTE 15—VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES

A variable interest entity is a corporation, partnership, trust, or any other legal structure used for business purposes that either (a) has equity investors that do not provide sufficient financial resources for the entity to support its activities, or (b) does not have equity investors with either voting rights, the obligation to absorb the expected losses of the entity or the right to receive the expected residual returns of the entity, or (c) has a group of equity investors whose voting rights are disproportionate with their obligation to absorb the expected losses or their right to receive expected residual returns. A variable interest entity is required to be consolidated by a company if that company is the primary beneficiary of that entity. The primary beneficiary is subject to a majority of the risk of loss from the variable interest entity’s activities or entitled to receive a majority of the entity’s residual returns or both.

We are not the primary beneficiary of any variable interest entities in which we do not also hold a majority voting interest in the entity. The following provides information about our investments in various unconsolidated variable interest entities in which we are not the primary beneficiary:

 

    We had investments in low income housing tax credit partnerships totaling $10.2 million at March 31, 2006 and $10.9 million at December 31, 2005. The recorded investment in these partnerships includes the adjusted cost basis of the investments and unfunded commitments totaling $708,000 at March 31, 2006 and $1.1 million at December 31, 2005. We have also recorded a liability for those unfunded commitments. These low income housing tax credit partnerships are passive investments in housing development projects entered into over a period of several years. Investors receive tax benefits from passive partnership losses and low income housing credits, as well as having the potential for residual proceeds from the sale of property 15 years following completion of the project. Although management does not anticipate any losses in connection with these investments, as with many equity investments, there exists a maximum exposure to loss on these investments which is limited to our current recorded investment;

 

    We had investments in venture capital funds totaling $9.9 million at March 31, 2006 and $9.6 million at December 31, 2005 that are recorded using the equity method of accounting. There are additional unrecorded and unfunded commitments totaling $3.9 million at March 31, 2006 and $4.2 million at December 31, 2005 on these investments. In the event of a decline in the value of these investments, there exists a maximum exposure to loss on these investments that is limited to our current recorded investment and the amount of related additional potential capital calls;

 

   

We had investments totaling $5.9 million at March 31, 2006 and $5.5 million at December 31, 2005 in partnerships and corporations that invest in CRA qualified assets such as affordable housing and small businesses. These investments are recorded using the equity method of accounting. There are additional unrecorded and unfunded commitments totaling $4.3 million at March 31, 2006 and $4.6 million at

 

35


GREATER BAY BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) – (CONTINUED)

As of March 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005 and for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2006 and 2005

 

 

December 31, 2005 on these investments. In the event of a decline in the value of these investments, there exists a maximum exposure to loss on these investments that is limited to our current recorded investment and the amount of related additional potential capital calls; and

 

    At March 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005, we had investments in GBB Capital II, GBB Capital III, GBB Capital IV, GBB Capital V, GBB Capital VI, and GBB Capital VII, collectively referred to as the Trusts, totaling $6.3 million. The Trusts have issued trust preferred securities and purchased subordinated debt from our holding company in capital raising transactions. In accordance with the accounting rules for variable interest entities, the Trusts are not included in our consolidated financial position and results of operations. There is no exposure to loss on these investments.

 

36


GREATER BAY BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

ITEM 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion and analysis is intended to provide greater details of our results of operations and financial condition and should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto included elsewhere in this document. Certain statements under this caption constitute “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, which involve risks and uncertainties. These forward-looking statements relate to, among other things, expectations of the business environment in which Greater Bay Bancorp and its subsidiaries operate, projections of future performance, perceived opportunities in the market and statements regarding our mission and vision. Our actual results may differ significantly from the results, performance and achievements expressed or implied in such forward-looking statements. Factors that might cause such a difference include, but are not limited to, economic conditions, competition in the geographic and business areas in which we conduct our operations, fluctuation in interest rates, credit quality and government regulation and other factors discussed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2005 under ITEM 1A. “Risk Factors.” Greater Bay Bancorp does not undertake, and specifically disclaims, any obligation to update any forward-looking statements to reflect the occurrence of events or circumstances after the date of such statements.

OVERVIEW

Who We Are

Greater Bay Bancorp is a financial holding company with one bank subsidiary, Greater Bay Bank, National Association and one commercial insurance brokerage subsidiary, ABD. The Bank provides community banking services in the greater San Francisco Bay Area through its community banking organization, including Bank of Petaluma, Bank of Santa Clara, Bay Area Bank, Bay Bank of Commerce, Coast Commercial Bank, Cupertino National Bank, Golden Gate Bank, Mid-Peninsula Bank, Mt. Diablo National Bank, Peninsula Bank of Commerce, and San Jose National Bank. Nationally, the Bank provides customized lending services through its specialty finance group, which includes Matsco, Greater Bay Bank SBA Lending Group, Greater Bay Business Funding, and Greater Bay Capital. Our commercial insurance brokerage subsidiary, ABD, provides employee benefits consulting and risk management solutions to business clients throughout the United States.

Our Lines of Business, Principal Products and Services and Locations of Operations

We provide a wide range of banking and financial services to small and medium-sized businesses, property managers, business executives, real estate developers, professionals, and other individuals. Our lines of business are organized along eight segments, seven of which provide services to our clients, and one that provides services internally to the other segments. The services that these segments provide are as follows:

 

    Community banking operates offices throughout the San Francisco Bay Area including the Silicon Valley, San Francisco, the San Francisco Peninsula, and the East Bay, together with Santa Cruz, Marin, Monterey, and Sonoma Counties.

 

    Matsco provides dental and veterinarian financing services nationally.

 

    Greater Bay Capital finances small ticket equipment leases nationally.

 

    Greater Bay Business Funding, which offers asset-based lending and accounts receivable factoring products, has offices in Cupertino, California and Bellevue, Washington and markets its services nationally. Greater Bay Business Funding includes the combined operations of our CAPCO and Pacific Business Funding units.

 

    Greater Bay Bank SBA Lending Group is an SBA National Preferred Lender and principally operates in the San Francisco Bay Area.

 

    ABD has offices located in California, Washington, and Nevada and sells commercial, property and casualty, employee benefits, life, and retirement insurance products and provides consulting services to clients enabling them to strengthen their risk management programs. ABD also owns a broker-dealer that executes mutual fund transactions on behalf of ABD’s clients’ employee benefit plans.

 

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GREATER BAY BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)

 

    Greater Bay Trust Company provides trust services to support the trust needs of our business and personal clients. These services include, but are not limited to, custodial, escrow agent, investment management, estate planning resources, and employee benefit plan services.

 

    Treasury manages the Bank’s investment portfolio, wholesale fundings, and day-to-day liquidity position. Treasury’s assets and liabilities include the Bank’s investment portfolio and wholesale fundings.

How Economic Factors Impact Us

We have a significant geographic concentration in the San Francisco Bay Area and our results are affected by economic conditions in this area. Overall Bay Area economic trends continue to be of concern. While there has been improvement in employment, real estate occupancy rates, and rental rates, these indicators all remain at levels below the peak of the economic boom the region enjoyed in the late 1990’s and remain depressed below levels that we would expect in a healthier economic environment. A further extended recovery period or a decline in economic and business conditions in our market areas, particularly in the technology and real estate industries on which the Bay Area depends, could have a material impact on the quality of our loan portfolio or the demand for our products and services, which in turn may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.

Our Opportunities, Challenges and Risks

We believe that growth in banking opportunities to small- and medium-sized businesses, professionals, and high net worth individuals will be determined in part by economic growth in the San Francisco Bay Area. Weakness in the local economy could adversely affect us through diminished loan demand and credit quality deterioration.

We also believe that the consolidation of community banks will continue to take place and in that regard we could be a bank acquirer. Additionally, in markets we wish to enter or expand our business, we will consider opening de novo offices. We will also consider acquisition opportunities in other business segments, including, but not limited to, specialty finance, insurance brokerage services, and wealth management. In the past, we have successfully integrated acquired institutions and de novo branches, but there can be no assurance that future activities would not present unforeseen integration issues.

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Our accounting policies are integral to understanding the results reported. Accounting policies are described in Note 1 of the notes to consolidated financial statements presented in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2005. We have established policies and control procedures that are intended to ensure valuation methods are well controlled and applied consistently. In addition, the policies and procedures are intended to ensure that the process for changing methodologies occurs in a controlled manner. Many accounting policies require management’s judgment to ascertain the valuation of assets, liabilities, commitments, and contingencies. A description of our accounting policies for stock-based compensation appears below. A description of our other current accounting policies involving significant management valuation judgments appears in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2005 under “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Critical Accounting Policies.”

Share-Based Compensation

We adopted SFAS No. 123R as of January 1, 2006. SFAS No. 123R requires us to recognize compensation expense for all share-based payments made to employees based on the fair value of the share-based payment on the date of grant. We elected to use the modified prospective method for adoption, which requires compensation expense to be recorded for all unvested stock options and restricted shares beginning in the first quarter of adoption. In determining the fair value of stock options, we use the Black-Scholes option pricing model that employs the following assumptions:

 

    Expected term is based on historical employee stock option exercise behavior, the vesting terms of the respective option and the contractual term of ten years.

 

38


GREATER BAY BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)

 

    Expected volatility is based on the daily historical volatility of our stock price over the expected term of the option. The risk-free interest rate for periods equal to the expected term of the share option is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant.

 

    Expected dividend yield is based on the ratio of historical dividends paid per share of common stock to the stock price at the time of grant.

The expected term and expected volatility involve management’s best estimates at that time, both of which impact the fair value of the option calculated under the Black-Scholes methodology and, ultimately, the expense that will be recognized over the life of the option.

SFAS No. 123R also requires that we recognize compensation expense for only the portion of options or restricted shares that are expected to vest. Therefore, we apply estimated forfeiture rates that are derived from historical employee termination behavior and the vesting period of the respective stock options or restricted shares. If the actual number of forfeitures differs from those estimated by management, additional adjustments to compensation expense may be required in future periods.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following table summarizes net income, net income per common share and key financial ratios for the periods indicated.

 

     For the three months ended March 31,  

(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)

   2006     2005  

Net income

   $ 25,901     $ 21,510  

Basic net income per common share:

    

Prior to cumulative effect of change in accounting principle

   $ 0.48     $ 0.38  

After cumulative effect of change in accounting principle

   $ 0.48     $ 0.34  

Diluted net income per common share:

    

Prior to cumulative effect of change in accounting principle

   $ 0.46     $ 0.38  

After cumulative effect of change in accounting principle

   $ 0.46     $ 0.34  

Return on average assets

     1.47 %     1.25 %

Return on average total shareholders’ equity

     13.39 %     11.28 %

Net Income

Net income increased 20.4% to $25.9 million, or $0.46 per diluted common share, during the three months ended March 31, 2006 compared to $21.5 million, or $0.34 per diluted common share, for the same period in 2005. This increase was primarily attributable to the following items during the three months ended March 31, 2006 compared to the same period in 2005:

 

    A $9.8 million increase in non-interest income primarily due to a $6.8 million increase in insurance commissions and fees, which was primarily related to the acquisition of Lucini/Parish, a $2.1 million increase in other income and a $1.2 million increase in rental revenues on operating leases;

 

    A $4.3 million increase in the reversal of the provision for credit losses reflecting improved credit quality; and

 

    A $578,000 increase in net interest income, reflecting primarily an increase in the yield earned on, and the average balance of, loans.

 

39


GREATER BAY BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)

 

Offsetting the above items was the following:

 

    An $8.2 million increase in operating expenses consisting of a $7.7 million increase in compensation and benefits, including $3.6 million related to Lucini/Parish, a $910,000 increase in occupancy and equipment and a $788,000 increase in directors fees. These increases were partially offset by a $1.1 million decrease in legal costs and other professional fees.

The basic and diluted net income per common share calculations were affected by a decrease of 3,976,000 shares in the weighted average common stock and potential common shares. The decrease in the weighted average common stock and potential common shares was primarily the result of the put of the CODES due 2024.

See “– Net Interest Income,” “– Reversal of Provision for Credit Losses,” “– Non-interest Income” and “- Operating Expenses” for more information regarding the changes to net income for the periods presented.

Net Interest Income

Our Interest Rate Risk Management and Strategy

During 2005, we maintained a slightly net asset sensitive position in anticipation of higher short-term interest rates.

Net interest income for the three months ended March 31, 2006 was $66.6 million, compared to $66.0 million for the same period in 2005. The $578,000 increase in our net interest income during the three months ended March 31, 2006 compared to the same period of 2005 was primarily due to an increase in the yield earned on, and the average balance of, loans. This was partially offset by an increase in the rate paid on deposits and a higher average balance of long-term borrowings. Our net yield earned on interest-earning assets (or “net interest margin”) on a tax-equivalent basis for the three months ended March 31, 2006 was 4.35%, compared to 4.43% for the same period in 2005.

Net interest income for the three months ended March 31, 2006 was $66.6 million, compared to $67.7 million for the three months ended December 31, 2005. The $1.1 million decrease in our net interest income during the three months ended March 31, 2006 compared to the three months ended December 31, 2005 was primarily due to an increase in the rate paid on deposits and a higher average balance of short-term borrowings. This was partially offset by an increase in the yield earned on, and the average balance of, loans. Our net interest margin on a tax-equivalent basis for the three months ended March 31, 2006 was 4.35%, compared to 4.36% for the three months ended December 31, 2005.

 

40


GREATER BAY BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)

 

Net Interest Income – Results for the Quarters Ended March 31, 2006, December 31, 2005, and March 31, 2005

The following tables present, for the periods indicated, our condensed average balance sheet information together with interest income and yields earned on average interest-earning assets and interest expense and rates paid on average interest-bearing liabilities stated on a tax-equivalent basis. Average balances are average daily balances.

 

     Three months ended March 31,  
     2006     2005  

(Dollars in thousands)

   Average
balance
   Interest     Average
yield /
rate
    Average
balance
   Interest     Average
yield /
rate
 

INTEREST-EARNING ASSETS:

              

Fed funds sold

   $ 12,290    $ 132     4.30 %   $ 32,489    $ 181     2.26 %

Securities:

              

Taxable

     1,425,340      15,622     4.45 %     1,499,446      15,956     4.32 %

Tax-exempt (1)

     82,596      1,494     7.33 %     84,781      1,403     6.71 %

Other short-term (2)

     9,762      35     1.46 %     3,796      135     14.39 %

Loans (3)(4)

     4,721,031      86,959     7.47 %     4,461,799      74,590     6.78 %
                                  

Total interest-earning assets

     6,251,019      104,242     6.76 %     6,082,311      92,265     6.15 %

Noninterest-earning assets

     878,637          885,326     
                                  

Total assets

   $ 7,129,656      104,242       $ 6,967,637      92,265    
                                  

INTEREST-BEARING LIABILITIES:

              

Deposits:

              

MMDA, NOW and Savings

   $ 2,950,240      14,072     1.93 %     3,277,312      13,257     1.64 %

Time deposits over $100,000

     356,157      2,968     3.38 %     348,154      1,835     2.14 %

Other time deposits

     660,914      6,721     4.12 %     381,737      2,027     2.15 %
                                  

Total interest-bearing deposits

     3,967,311      23,761     2.43 %     4,007,203      17,119     1.73 %

Short-term borrowings

     288,491      2,983     4.19 %     255,965      1,955     3.10 %

CODES

     75,101      101     0.55 %     227,334      308     0.55 %

Subordinated debt

     210,311      4,557     8.79 %     210,311      4,312     8.31 %

Other long-term borrowings

     474,316      5,732     4.90 %     155,980      2,063     5.36 %
                                  

Total interest-bearing liabilities

     5,015,530      37,134     3.00 %     4,856,793      25,757     2.15 %

Noninterest-bearing deposits

     1,041,806          1,051,341     

Other noninterest-bearing liabilities

     275,257          273,523     

Minority interest: Preferred stock of real estate investment trust subsidiaries

     12,715          12,571     

Shareholders’ equity

     784,348          773,410     
                                  

Total shareholders’ equity and liabilities

   $ 7,129,656      37,134       $ 6,967,638      25,757    
                                  

Net interest income, on a tax-equivalent basis (1)

        67,108            66,508    

Tax-equivalent adjustment

        (488 )          (466 )  
                          

Net interest margin (5)

      $ 66,620          $ 66,042    
                          
              
        4.35 %        4.43 %
                      

(1) Income from tax-exempt securities issued by state and local governments or authorities is adjusted by an increment that equates tax-exempt income to tax equivalent basis (assuming a 35% federal income tax rate); all prior periods presentation has been changed to conform to this presentation.
(2) Includes average interest-earning deposits in other financial institutions.
(3) Nonaccrual loans are included in the average balance; prior periods presentation has been changed to conform to current period presentation.
(4) Amortization of deferred loan fees, net of the amortization of deferred costs, resulted in an increase (decrease) of interest income on loans by $245,000 and ($1,000) for the three months ended March 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively.
(5) Net interest margin during the period equals (a) the difference between tax-equivalent interest income on interest-earning assets and the interest expense on interest-bearing liabilities, divided by (b) average interest-earning assets for the period, annualized.

 

41


GREATER BAY BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)

 

     Three months ended March 31, 2006     Three months ended December 31, 2005  

(Dollars in thousands)

   Average
balance
   Interest     Average
yield /
rate
    Average
balance
   Interest     Average
yield /
rate
 

INTEREST-EARNING ASSETS:

              

Fed funds sold

   $ 12,290    $ 132     4.30 %   $ 74,740    $ 716     3.80 %

Securities:

              

Taxable investment securities

     1,425,340      15,622     4.45 %     80,793      14,862     4.29 %

Tax-exempt investment securities (1)

     82,596      1,494     7.33 %     11,245      1,476     7.25 %

Other short-term (2)

     9,762      35     1.46 %     1,374,102      45     1.58 %

Loans (3)(4)

     4,721,031      86,959     7.47 %     4,673,852      85,611     7.27 %
                                  

Total interest-earning assets

     6,251,019      104,242     6.76 %     6,214,732      102,710     6.56 %

Noninterest-earning assets

     878,637          905,369     
                                  

Total assets

   $ 7,129,656      104,242       $ 7,120,101      102,710    
                                  

INTEREST-BEARING LIABILITIES:

              

Deposits:

              

MMDA, NOW and Savings

   $ 2,950,240      14,072     1.93 %   $ 3,111,275    $ 14,841     1.89 %

Time deposits over $100,000

     356,157      2,968     3.38 %     352,606      2,736     3.08 %

Other time deposits

     660,914      6,721     4.12 %     583,307      5,105     3.47 %
                                  

Total interest-bearing deposits

     3,967,311      23,761     2.43 %     4,047,188      22,682     2.22 %

Short-term borrowings

     288,491      2,983     4.19 %     171,801      1,870     4.32 %

CODES

     75,101      101     0.55 %     87,500      117     0.53 %

Subordinated debt

     210,311      4,557     8.79 %     210,311      4,504     8.50 %

Other long-term borrowings

     474,316      5,732     4.90 %     456,962      5,304     4.61 %
                                  

Total interest-bearing liabilities

     5,015,530      37,134     3.00 %     4,973,762      34,477     2.75 %

Noninterest-bearing deposits

     1,041,806          1,086,424     

Other noninterest-bearing liabilities

     275,257          274,391     

Preferred stock of real estate investment trust subsidiaries

     12,715          12,674     

Shareholders’ equity

     784,348          772,848     
                                  

Total shareholders’ equity and liabilities

   $ 7,129,656      37,134       $ 7,120,099      34,477    
                                  

Net interest income (1)

        67,108            68,233    

Tax-equivalent adjustment

        (488 )          (485 )  
                          

Net interest margin (5)

      $ 66,620          $ 67,748    
                          
        4.35 %        4.36 %
                      

(1) Income from tax-exempt securities issued by state and local governments or authorities is adjusted by an increment that equates tax-exempt income to tax equivalent basis (assuming a 35% federal income tax rate); all prior periods presentation has been changed to conform to this presentation.
(2) Includes average interest-earning deposits in other financial institutions.
(3) Nonaccrual loans are included in the average balance; prior periods presentation has been changed to conform to current period presentation.
(4) Amortization of deferred loan fees, net of the amortization of deferred costs, resulted in an increase (decrease) of interest income on loans by $245,000 and $580,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005, respectively.
(5) Net interest margin during the period equals (a) the difference between tax-equivalent interest income on interest-earning assets and the interest expense on interest-bearing liabilities, divided by (b) average interest-earning assets for the period, annualized.

 

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GREATER BAY BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)

 

The most significant impact on our net interest income between periods is derived from the interaction of changes in the volume of, and rates earned or paid on, interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities. Changes in net interest income are attributable to changes in the amount of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities, changes in the composition of those assets and liabilities, and changes in the associated interest rates. The table below sets forth, for the periods indicated, a summary of the changes in average asset and liability balances (volume) and changes in average rates earned or paid (rate). Changes in interest income and expense, which are not attributable specifically to either volume or rate, are allocated proportionately between both variances.

 

     Three months ended March 31, 2006
compared with March 31, 2005
favorable / (unfavorable)
    Three months ended March 31,
2006 compared with December 31,
2005 favorable / (unfavorable)
 

(Dollars in thousands)

   Volume     Rate     Combined     Volume     Rate     Combined  

INTEREST EARNED ON INTEREST-EARNING ASSETS

            

Federal funds sold

   $ (560 )   $ 511     $ (49 )   $ (1,151 )   $ 567     $ (584 )

Other short-term investments

     561       (661 )     (100 )     (10 )     —         (10 )

Securities:

            

Taxable

     (2,631 )     2,297       (334 )     758       1       759  

Tax-exempt

     (210 )     301       91       19       (1 )     18  

Loans

     4,495       7,874       12,369       362       986       1,348  
                                                

Total interest income

     1,655       10,322       11,977       (22 )     1,553       1,531  
                                                

INTEREST EXPENSE ON INTEREST-BEARING LIABILITIES

            

Deposits:

            

MMDA, NOW and savings

     6,563       (7,378 )     (815 )     2,313       (1,544 )     769  

Time deposits over $100,000

     (43 )     (1,090 )     (1,133 )     (22 )     (210 )     (232 )

Other time deposits

     (2,084 )     (2,610 )     (4,694 )     (671 )     (945 )     (1,616 )
                                                

Total interest-bearing deposits

     4,436       (11,078 )     (6,642 )     1,620       (2,699 )     (1,079 )

Short-term borrowings

     (273 )     (755 )     (1,028 )     (1,494 )     381       (1,113 )

CODES

     208       (1 )     207       41       (25 )     16  

Subordinated debt

     —         (245 )     (245 )     —         (53 )     (53 )

Other long-term borrowings

     (4,900 )     1,231       (3,669 )     (161 )     (267 )     (428 )
                                                

Total interest expense

     (529 )     (10,848 )     (11,377 )     6       (2,663 )     (2,657 )
                                                

Net increase (decrease) in net interest income

   $ 1,126     $ (526 )   $ 600     $ (16 )   $ (1,110 )   $ (1,126 )
                                                

 

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GREATER BAY BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)

 

Provision for Credit Losses

The following schedule shows the composition of the reversal of provision for credit losses and the allowance for loan and lease losses and reserve for unfunded credit commitments for the periods indicated:

 

(Dollars in thousands)

   Allowance for
loan and lease
losses
   

Reserve for
unfunded

credit
commitments

   Combined total  

Balance, December 31, 2005

   $ 82,159     $ 7,279    $ 89,438  

Charge-offs

     (2,094 )     —        (2,094 )

Recoveries

     2,051       —        2,051  

(Reversal of) / provision for credit losses

     (7,548 )     1,544      (6,004 )
                       

Balance, March 31, 2006

   $ 74,568     $ 8,823    $ 83,391  
                       

Balance, December 31, 2004

   $ 107,517     $ 6,482    $ 113,999  

Charge-offs

     (4,755 )     —        (4,755 )

Recoveries

     1,244       —        1,244  

(Reversal of) / provision for credit losses

     (4,651 )     2,973      (1,678 )
                       

Balance, March 31, 2005

   $ 99,355     $ 9,455    $ 108,810  
                       

The provision for credit losses fluctuates period to period based on management’s assessment of the required allowance for loan and lease losses and the reserve for unfunded credit commitments. The required allowance for loan and lease losses and the reserve for unfunded credit commitments and the associated provision for credit losses is dependent upon many factors, including loan growth, net charge-offs, changes in the composition of the loan portfolio, delinquencies, assessment by management, third parties and banking regulators of the quality of the loan portfolio, the value of the underlying collateral on problem loans, and the general economic conditions in our market areas.

The required balance of the allowance for loan and lease losses at March 31, 2006 was $74.6 million, which was $7.6 million lower than the balance at December 31, 2005. This decrease was primarily a result of improvement in the overall credit risk ratings and a reduction in the assumed rates of default for the loan and lease portfolio, which are key factors in our process for estimating allowance requirements. We made a $7.5 million negative provision for loan and lease losses to attain the required allowance for loan and lease losses balance at March 31, 2006, after net loan charge-offs of $43,000.

The $1.5 million provision for unfunded credit commitments at March 31, 2006 resulted primarily from an increase in the balance of loan commitments (primarily construction loans) that have not yet been funded.

For further information on the allowance for loan and lease losses, the reserve for unfunded credit commitments and nonperforming assets, see “Financial Condition — Nonperforming Assets and Other Risk Factors” and “Financial Condition – Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses and the Reserve for Unfunded Credit Commitments.”

 

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GREATER BAY BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)

 

Non-interest Income

The following table sets forth information by category of non-interest income for the periods indicated.

 

     For the three months ended March 31,

(Dollars in thousands)

   2006    2005

Insurance commissions and fees

   $ 44,969    $ 38,122

Rental revenues on operating leases

     5,264      4,032

Service charges and other fees

     2,540      2,550

Income on bank owned life insurance

     1,911      1,797

Loan and international banking fees

     1,795      2,013

Trust fees

     1,055      1,066

Securities gains, net

     168      290

Gain on sale of loans

     —        95

Other income

     2,331      228
             

Total non-interest income

   $ 60,033    $ 50,193
             

Non-interest income increased during the three months ended March 31, 2006 compared to the same period in 2005 primarily due to increases in insurance commissions and fees, rental revenue on operating leases, and other income. This was partially offset by decreases in the gain on sale of loans and loan and international banking fees.

Insurance commissions and fees increased during the three months ended March 31, 2006 compared to the same period in 2005 by $6.8 million primarily due to the acquisition of Lucini/Parish on May 1, 2005. Lucini/Parish generated insurance commissions and fees of $6.8 million during the three months ended March 31, 2006. See Note 6 under the heading “Contingencies” of the notes to consolidated financial statements for information related to ABD’s receipt of requests for information from several state insurance commissioners and subpoenas from the Office of the Attorney General of the State of New York and the Office of the Attorney General of the State of Connecticut about ABD’s marketing practices and compensation arrangements with insurance carriers for these subpoenas and other related matters.

Rental revenues on operating leases represent fees earned on operating equipment leases financed by Greater Bay Capital. The $1.2 million increases in rental revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2006 compared to the same period in 2005 reflects equipment lease portfolio growth.

During 2005, we determined that the impairment on shares of Fannie Mae preferred stock and Freddie Mac preferred stock held in our securities portfolio was other-than-temporary. As a result, we recorded a $1.0 million charge to other income during the three months ended March 31, 2005. We subsequently sold these impaired securities and recovered $6,000 of the impairment charge.

Other income also includes a $576,000 net gain during the three months ended March 31, 2006 on derivatives marked to market through earnings compared to a $198,000 gain during the three months ended March 31, of 2005. The derivative gains in the first quarter of 2006 included $554,000 in gains related to the warrants issued to us by our borrowers. Gains during the three months ended March 31, 2005 include a $147,000 in gains related to the change in market value of purchased residential mortgage loans between the price commitment dates.

We own certain other investments in low income housing tax credit partnerships, venture capital funds, and CRA qualified investments that are included in other assets. We incurred net losses on those investments of $89,000 for the first quarter of 2006, and net losses of $292,000 for the first quarter of 2005. The losses were charged to other income.

 

45


GREATER BAY BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)

 

Operating Expenses

The following table sets forth the major components of operating expenses for the periods indicated.

 

     Three months ended March 31,  

(Dollars in thousands)

   2006     2005  

Compensation and benefits

   $ 57,929     $ 50,285  

Occupancy and equipment

     11,322       10,412  

Depreciation - equipment leased to others

     4,091       3,370  

Legal costs and other professional fees

     3,753       4,851  

Telephone, postage and supplies

     2,105       1,607  

Marketing and promotion

     1,823       1,787  

Amortization of intangibles

     1,640       2,083  

Directors fees

     1,448       660  

Data processing

     1,158       1,110  

Insurance

     1,041       1,119  

Contribution to the Greater Bay Bancorp Foundation

     900       900  

FDIC insurance and regulatory assessments

     513       357  

Dividends paid on preferred stock of real estate investment trusts

     456       456  

Correspondent bank fees

     408       522  

Client service expenses

     152       224  

Other expenses

     3,375       4,205  
                

Total operating expenses

   $ 92,114     $ 83,948  
                

Efficiency ratio

     72.73 %     72.22 %

Total operating expenses to average assets

     5.24 %     4.89 %

The primary sources of variance in operating expenses during the three months ended March 31, 2006 compared to the same period in 2005 included the following:

 

    Compensation and benefits expenses increased during the three months ended March 31, 2006 to $57.9 million, compared to $50.3 million during the same period in 2005. The increase is primarily due to a $3.6 million increase related to Lucini/Parish, a $1.3 million increase in bonus expense, a $1.1 million increase in deferred compensation plan expense that is fully offset by revenue included in other non-interest income, a $1.0 million increase in ABD’s compensation and benefits expense attributable to internal growth, $651,000 in higher commission expenses to specialty finance personnel, a $436,000 increase in 401K contributions, $409,000 in new salaries associated with the opening of ABD’s new office in San Diego, and an increase of $620,000 in stock-based compensation resulting from the adoption of SFAS No. 123R described further below.

 

    Legal costs and other professional fees decreased to $3.8 million during the three months ended March 31, 2006 compared to $4.9 million during the same period in 2005 primarily related to reduced costs for Sarbanes-Oxley compliance activities.

 

    Occupancy and equipment expenses increased to $11.3 million during the three months ended March 31, 2006 compared to $10.4 million during same period in 2005. Of this increase, $284,000 was due to the acquisition of Lucini/Parish, $108,000 was due to the cost of our new corporate office location, and the balance related to miscellaneous rent increases and added security costs.

 

    Depreciation – equipment leased to others increased to $4.1 million during the three months ended March 31, 2006 compared to $3.4 million during the same period in 2005. The increase in expenses is the result of the growth in the size of the portfolio from this line of business.

 

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GREATER BAY BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)

 

    Amortization of intangibles decreased to $1.6 million during the three months ended March 31, 2006 compared to $2.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2005. We periodically reevaluate the remaining estimated lives of these expirations based on the actual retention rates of the acquired customers. Based on such a revaluations, which took place during the third quarter of 2005 and the first quarter of 2006, we increased our estimate of the remaining lives of these expirations. This prospective change in estimate was the primary reason for the decrease in amortization of intangibles.

 

    Directors fees increased to $1.4 million during the three months ended March 31, 2006 compared to $660,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2005 primarily due to an increase in stock-based compensation expense resulting from the recognition of expenses related to prior periods of $1.1 million associated with holders whose vesting may be accelerated due to retirement age provisions in our restricted stock grant agreements as well as the impact of the adoption of SFAS No. 123R.

On January 1, 2006, we adopted SFAS No. 123R which requires the measurement and recognition of stock-based compensation expense for all share-based payment awards made to employees and directors based on estimated fair values. We adopted SFAS No. 123R using the modified prospective transition method. Prior to the adoption of SFAS No. 123R, we accounted for stock-based awards to employees and directors using the intrinsic value method in accordance with APB 25 as allowed under SFAS No. 123. Accordingly, stock-based compensation costs were recognized only for restricted stock grants during the three months ended March 31, 2005. Stock-based compensation expense related to stock options and restricted stock grants was as follows for the periods presented.

 

     Three months ended March 31,  
     2006     2005  

(Dollars in thousands)

   Stock options     Restricted stock     Stock options    Restricted stock  

Stock-based compensation expense (1)

   $ 515     $ 1,456     $ —      $ 184  

Income tax benefit

     (71 )     (612 )     —        (77 )
                               
     444       844       —        107  

Cumulative effect of accounting change, net of tax

     —         (130 )     —        —    
                               
   $ 444     $ 714     $ —      $ 107  
                               

(1) Stock-based compensation expense for restricted stock during the three months ended March 31, 2006 includes the recognition of expenses related to prior periods of $1.1 million associated with holders whose vesting may be accelerated due to retirement age provisions in their restricted stock grant agreements.

Stock-based compensation expense for grants issued to our employees is included in compensation and benefits and the expense for grants issued to our directors is included in directors fees. Stock-based compensation expense included in compensation and benefits was $743,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2006 and $123,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2005. Stock-based compensation expense included in directors fees was $1.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2006 and $61,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2005. The adoption of SFAS No. 123R also resulted in a cumulative benefit from accounting change of $130,000, net of taxes, which reflects the net cumulative impact of estimating future forfeitures in the determination of period expense, rather than recording forfeitures when they occur as previously permitted for previously expensed restricted stock grants.

Our efficiency ratio for the three months ended March 31, 2006 increased compared to the same period in 2005 as revenues grew at a slower pace than operating expenses. The efficiency ratio is a standard banking industry ratio used to measure the average cost required to deliver a dollar of revenue and is computed by dividing operating expenses by the sum of net interest income before provision for credit losses and non-interest income. A lowering of the efficiency ratio is achieved through an increase in revenues or a decrease in operating expenses, which would generally indicate a more efficient operating structure. An increase in the efficiency ratio would generally indicate a decrease in overall efficiency. Conversely, excessive expense reductions, which might improve the efficiency ratio, could result in a weakening of our risk control environment, failure to comply with banking regulations, or a deterioration in of customer service levels. The impact of these types of deficiencies could have an adverse impact on overall profitability or our safety and soundness.

 

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GREATER BAY BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)

 

The following table shows the computation of our efficiency ratio, excluding ABD. Because efficiency ratios represent a performance measure utilized by the banking industry, we provide the efficiency ratio, excluding ABD, in order to present this measure in a manner comparable to other banking organizations that do not have significant non-bank service businesses.

 

     Three months ended March 31,  

(Dollars in thousands)

   2006     2005  

Total operating expenses

   $ 92,114     $ 83,948  

Less: ABD operating expenses

     36,397       30,413  
                

Total operating expenses without ABD

   $ 55,717     $ 53,535  
                

Total revenue

   $ 126,653     $ 116,235  

Less: ABD total revenue

     45,470       38,491  
                

Total revenue without ABD

   $ 81,183     $ 77,744  
                

Efficiency ratio without ABD

     68.63 %     68.86 %

Income Taxes

Our effective income tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2006 was 36.5%, compared to 36.7% for the same period in 2005. The effective rates were lower than the combined Federal and state statutory rate of 41.5% primarily due to California enterprise zone interest income exclusion, tax-exempt income on municipal securities, bank-owned life insurance policy investment earnings and low housing and new markets tax credit funds. The tax benefits for items exempt from taxation have been partially offset by stock-based compensation expense for incentive stock options, for which we do not recognize a tax benefit for financial statement purposes.

See Note 10 of the notes to consolidated financial statements for further discussion on our income taxes.

 

48


GREATER BAY BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)

 

FINANCIAL CONDITION

Total assets decreased $12.5 million during the three months ended March 31, 2006 to $7.1 billion at that date.

Securities

Total securities decreased $25.5 million during the three months ended March 31, 2006 to $1.5 billion at that date. At March 31, 2006, $828.2 million, or 56.4%, of our total securities were invested in mortgage and mortgage related securities compared to $869.2 million, or 58.2%, at December 31, 2005. Although the stated maturity of these securities is as long as 30 years, due to scheduled principal payments and anticipated prepayments, we estimate that the average remaining life of these securities is approximately three and a half years.

See Note 2 of the notes to consolidated financial statements for information regarding the investment securities portfolio.

Loans

Our loan portfolio is concentrated in commercial and real estate lending, with the remainder in finance leases and consumer loans. Our lending operations are primarily located in a market area that is principally dependent on the technology and real estate industries and supporting service companies within the general San Francisco Bay Area. Thus, a downturn in these sectors of the economy could adversely impact our borrowers. This could, in turn, adversely affect us through diminished loan demand and loan credit quality deterioration.

The following table presents the composition of our loan portfolio at the dates indicated.

 

     March 31, 2006     December 31, 2005  

(Dollars in thousands)

   Amount     %     Amount     %  

Commercial

   $ 2,062,141     44.3 %   $ 2,067,873     44.5 %

Term real estate - commercial

     1,389,635     29.9       1,389,329     29.9  
                            

Total Commercial

     3,451,776     74.2       3,457,202     74.4  

Real estate construction and land

     688,086     14.8       644,883     13.9  

Residential mortgage

     271,658     5.8       266,263     5.7  

Real estate other

     230,190     4.9       263,164     5.7  

Consumer and other

     100,020     2.1       108,833     2.3  
                            

Total loans, gross

     4,741,730     101.8       4,740,345     102.0  

Deferred fees and discounts, net

     (12,006 )   (0.3 )     (12,376 )   (0.3 )
                            

Total loans, net of deferred fees

     4,729,724     101.5       4,727,969     101.7  

Allowance for loan and lease losses

     (74,568 )   (1.5 )     (82,159 )   (1.7 )
                            

Total loans, net

   $ 4,655,156     100.0 %   $ 4,645,810     100.0 %
                            

Total loans, net of deferred loan fees and discounts increased by $1.8 million from December 31, 2005 to March 31, 2006. The growth in our loan portfolio was achieved in spite of the payoff of approximately $70 million of nonperforming and other large loans where accelerated collection was sought and successfully realized during the period. This increase primarily reflects increases in real estate construction and land loans of $43.2 million, and residential mortgage loans of $5.4 million. These increases were partially offset by a decline in real estate other loans of $33.0 million, consumer and other loans of $8.8 million, and commercial loans of $5.4 million.

 

49


GREATER BAY BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)

 

The following table presents the maturity distribution of our loan portfolio by type and the sensitivity of such loans to changes in interest rates at March 31, 2006.

 

     Term to final loan maturity     
     One year or less    One to five years    After five years     

(Dollars in thousands)

   Fixed rate    Variable rate    Fixed rate    Variable rate    Fixed rate    Variable rate    Total

Commercial

   $ 206,904    $ 375,360    $ 723,106    $ 186,093    $ 464,455    $ 106,223    $ 2,062,141

Term real estate - commercial

     38,111      63,273      241,299      249,300      326,084      471,568      1,389,635

Real estate construction and land

     25,262      478,373      88,390      82,577      11,320      2,164      688,086

Residential mortgage

     —        —        —        —        —        271,658      271,658

Real estate other

     5,677      35,101      16,051      13,444      15,597      144,320      230,190

Consumer and other

     5,359      41,568      21,078      19,067      12,850      98      100,020
                                                

Total loans, gross

   $ 281,313    $ 993,675    $ 1,089,924    $ 550,481    $ 830,306    $ 996,031    $ 4,741,730
                                                

Nonperforming Assets

We generally place loans on nonaccrual status when they become 90 days past due, unless they are well secured and in the process of collection. When a loan is placed on nonaccrual status, any interest previously accrued and not collected is generally reversed from income. Loans are charged-off when management determines that collection has become unlikely. Restructured loans are those where we have granted a concession on either principal or interest due to financial difficulties of the borrower. A loan is not removed from the restructured loan category until it has performed in accordance with the agreed upon modified loan terms for three subsequent quarters after the quarter in which it was restructured. Other real estate owned (or “OREO”) consists of real property acquired through foreclosure on the collateral underlying defaulted loans. Other nonperforming assets are primarily comprised of equipment leased to others.

The following table presents information concerning our nonperforming assets, restructured loans and accruing loans 90 days or more past due at the dates indicated.

 

(Dollars in thousands)

   March 31,
2006
    December 31,
2005
 

Nonperforming assets:

    

Nonaccrual loans

   $ 32,992     $ 71,094  

Other nonperforming assets

     438       631  
                

Total nonperforming assets

   $ 33,430     $ 71,725  
                

Restructured loans on accrual status

   $ —       $ 290  
                

Accruing loans past due 90 days or more

   $ 211     $ —    
                

Nonaccrual loans to total loans

     0.70 %     1.50 %

Nonperforming assets to total assets

     0.47 %     1.01 %

Nonperforming assets, restructured loans and accruing loans past due 90 days or more to total loans and OREO

     0.71 %     1.52 %

Nonperforming assets, restructured loans and accruing loans past due 90 days or more to total assets

     0.47 %     1.01 %

The amount of interest revenue on nonaccrual loans prior to the loans becoming nonaccrual that was included in net income was $33,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2006 and $620,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2005. The gross interest income, which includes foregone interest and interest revenue

 

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GREATER BAY BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)

 

on nonaccrual loans prior to the loans becoming nonaccrual, that would have been recorded if nonaccrual loans had been current in accordance with their original terms, would have been $1.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2006 and $1.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2005.

Restructured loans totaling $4.1 million at March 31, 2006 and $5.3 million at December 31, 2005 were also on nonaccrual status and are included in nonaccrual loans above. There were no principal reduction concessions allowed on restructured loans during the three months ended March 31, 2006 and the year ended December 31, 2005.

There was no interest income from restructured loans on accruing status during the three months ended March 31, 2006 or 2005. The additional interest income that would have accrued on restructured loans on accruing status if they had performed in accordance with their original terms would have been zero during the three months ended March 31, 2006 and 2005.

The following table presents information concerning our nonaccrual loans at March 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005.

 

(Dollars in thousands)

   March 31,
2006
   December 31,
2005

Commercial:

     

Other commercial

   $ 9,184    $ 9,142

Matsco

     8,011      8,883

SBA

     3,627      6,497
             

Total commercial

     20,822      24,522

Real estate:

     

Term real estate - commercial

     8,203      8,434

Real estate construction and land

     3,242      323

Real estate mortgage

     —        —  

Real estate other

     7      33,312
             

Total real estate

     11,452      42,069

Consumer and other

     718      4,503
             

Total nonaccrual loans

   $ 32,992    $ 71,094
             

Nonaccrual loans at December 31, 2005 included a single client relationship totaling $36.8 million that had been placed on nonaccrual status during the second quarter of 2005. The payoff of the loans comprising this relationship during the three months ended March 31, 2006 is the primary reason for the decline in the balance of nonperforming assets. The carrying value of the loans comprising this relationship as of December 31, 2005 was established based upon the principal proceeds received on the full payoff of these loans during the first quarter of 2006.

We believe that we have a minimal loss exposure on the SBA loans, which are partially government guaranteed, and have limited loss exposure on the commercial term real estate nonperforming assets based on current real estate collateral.

All nonaccrual loans (except for certain Matsco and consumer loans) are analyzed individually in order to determine probable loss exposure. If loss exposure is identified for any of these nonaccrual loans, we either write-down the carrying value of the loans in the amount of the estimated loss exposure if such estimated loss is considered certain, or establish a specific reserve in the amount of the estimated loss if such loss is less certain. The amount of specific reserves associated with nonaccrual loans totaled $8.9 million at March 31, 2006 and $10.9 million at December 31, 2005. This reserve accounts for our current estimate of the loss exposure contained within the nonaccrual portfolio.

 

51


GREATER BAY BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)

 

In accordance with SFAS No. 114, a loan is considered impaired, based on current information and events, if it is probable that we will be unable to collect the scheduled payments of principal and interest when due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement, unless the loan is well secured and in the process of collection. In certain circumstances, the determination of loan impairment is subjective and, among other factors, is dependent upon the judgment of management. Changes in the levels of impaired loans affect our nonperforming asset levels and our allowance for loan and lease losses. Impaired loans were $33.0 million at March 31, 2006 and $71.1 million at December 31, 2005. As of March 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005, all of our impaired loans were on nonaccrual status and are included in nonperforming loans.

Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses and the Reserve for Unfunded Credit Commitments

The allowance for loan and lease losses represents management’s estimate of losses inherent in the existing loan portfolio. The reserve for unfunded credit commitments represents management’s estimate of losses inherent in its unfunded loan commitments. The allowance for loan and lease losses and the reserve for unfunded credit commitments are increased by provisions for credit losses charged to expense and loan recoveries and reduced by negative provisions and loan charge-offs. Loans and leases are charged-off when they are deemed to be uncollectible; recoveries are generally recorded only when cash payments are received.

 

52


GREATER BAY BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)

 

The following table sets forth information concerning our allowance for loan and lease losses at the dates indicated.

 

     For the three month ended March 31,  

(Dollars in thousands)

   2006     2005  

Period end gross loans outstanding

   $ 4,741,730     $ 4,498,738  

Average gross loans outstanding

   $ 4,721,029     $ 4,442,177  

Allowance for loan and lease losses:

    

Balance at beginning of period

   $ 82,159     $ 107,517  

Charge-offs:

    

Commercial

     (2,047 )     (3,061 )

Term real estate - commercial

     —         —    
                

Total commercial

     (2,047 )     (3,061 )

Real estate construction and land

     —         (1,681 )

Real estate other

     —         —    

Consumer and other

     (47 )     (13 )
                

Total charge-offs

     (2,094 )     (4,755 )
                

Recoveries:

    

Commercial

     1,017       1,129  

Term real estate - commercial

     2       19  
                

Total commercial

     1,019       1,148  

Real estate construction and land

     908       48  

Real estate other

     —         —    

Consumer and other

     124       48  
                

Total recoveries

     2,051       1,244  
                

Net charge-offs

     (43 )     (3,511 )

Reversal of provision charged to income

     (7,548 )     (4,651 )
                

Balance at end of period

   $ 74,568     $ 99,355  
                

Quarterly net charge-offs to average loans outstanding during the period, annualized

     0.00 %     0.32 %

Allowance as a percentage of period end loans outstanding

     1.57 %     2.21 %

Allowance as a percentage of nonaccrual loans

     226.02 %     188.94 %

The reversal of provision for credit losses includes the reversal of provision for loan and lease losses, shown in the table above, and the provision for unfunded credit losses. The process used in the determination of the adequacy of the reserve for unfunded credit commitments is consistent with the process for determining the adequacy of the allowance for loan and lease losses. For a schedule showing the composition of the reversal of provision for credit losses and reserves for unfunded credit commitments for the three months ended March 31, 2006 and 2005, see “Results of Operations – Reversal of Provision for Credit Losses,” above.

The methodology used to determine the estimated requirement for the allowance for loan and lease losses and the reserve for unfunded credit commitments consists of two key components: the individual impairment component and the pool analysis component.

 

53


GREATER BAY BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)

 

Individual Impairment Component

The individual loan impairment component of the allowance for loan losses and the reserve for unfunded commitments is equal to the aggregate amount of specific reserves that are established for impaired loans as defined by SFAS No. 114. Loans are considered for impairment through the normal review process, and if impairment is determined, the loan is placed on nonperforming status. We estimate the amount of impairment and adjust the book value of the loan for the impairment amount by either taking a charge-off against the loan or establishing a specific reserve. If we believe that the impaired value is reasonably certain, we charge-off an amount equal to the impairment. A specific reserve is established when we believe the impaired value has a degree of uncertainty and the occurrence of a specific future event will permit us to determine a more precise impairment amount. The balance of the specific reserve represents the individual loan impairment component of the allowance. This component of the allowance for loan and lease losses and reserve for unfunded commitments was as follows at the dates indicated:

 

(Dollars in thousands)

   March 31,
2006
   December 31,
2005

Specific reserves:

     

Individual loan impairment reserve

   $ 8,856    $ 10,871

Reserve for unfunded credit commitments

     120      121
             

Total individual impairment component

   $ 8,976    $ 10,992
             

The decrease in the individual impairment component from December 31, 2005 to March 31, 2006 resulted from a decrease in estimated loss exposure associated with impaired loans.

Pool Analysis Component

The pool analysis is a migration-based analysis and is performed in two steps. The first step, a migration based pool analysis, includes an estimate of loss based on the distribution of the portfolio by credit risk rating, the probability of default by credit risk rating, and the estimate of loss assuming a loan default. We segment our unimpaired portfolio by credit risk rating and then further segment each category by loan/collateral type. We then apply probability of default factors against each credit risk rating segment to produce an estimate, by loan/collateral type, of the aggregate principal amount of loans that are likely to default. Probability of default rates are calculated for various risk ratings using historical data. We then adjust these rates to account for the inherent deficiencies in the quality of the underlying data used in the calculation and to account for macro and regional economic issues that have recently occurred that we know will impact these rates, but are not reflected in historical data, such as recent increases in interest rates. Finally, we apply an estimated loss factor, based on collateral type, against the aggregate principal amount of loans that we believe are likely to default to determine an estimate of loss. This first step of the pool analysis resulted in a required allowance for loan and lease losses and reserve for unfunded credit commitments as follows:

 

(Dollars in thousands)

   March 31,
2006
   December 31,
2005

Migration-based pool analysis:

     

Allowance for loan and lease losses

   $ 46,648    $ 49,962

Reserve for unfunded credit commitments

     7,469      6,014
             

Total migration-based pool analysis component

   $ 54,117    $ 55,976
             

Overall improvement in credit quality resulted in a decrease in this component of our allowance for loan and lease losses, which was partially offset by additional allowance required for higher risk construction lending activity.

 

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GREATER BAY BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)

 

The majority of the increase in the reserve for unfunded commitments is related to an increase in the balance of loan commitments (primarily construction loans) that have not yet been funded.

The second step of the pool analysis is an estimate of unidentified, incurred loss. Borrowers are impacted by events that result in loan default and an eventual loss that occur well in advance of a lender’s knowledge of those events. An example of a loss-causing event for a commercial real estate loan would be the loss of a major tenant. There is a lag between the loss-causing event, the loss of a major tenant in this example, and our knowledge of this event. While loss-causing events have likely been identified for loans and unfunded commitments that have been assigned risk ratings associated with criticized assets, they have not been identified for all pass-rated loans and commitments. Therefore, we believe that a portion of the pass-rated assets have heightened risk that would be similar to criticized assets. This portion of our pool analysis resulted in the following estimated unidentified incurred loss at the dates indicated:

 

(Dollars in thousands)

   March 31,
2006
   December 31,
2005

Estimated unidentified incurred loss:

     

Allowance for loan and lease losses

   $ 19,064    $ 21,326

Reserve for unfunded credit commitments

     1,234      1,144
             

Total estimated unidentified incurred loss

   $ 20,298    $ 22,470
             

The decrease in the estimated unidentified incurred loss was a result of overall improvement in credit quality.

Total Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses and Reserve for Unfunded Commitments

Adding together the individual loan impairment component and the two steps of the pool loan analyses, the total allowance for loan and lease losses and reserve for unfunded commitments resulting from our methodology was as follows at the dates indicated:

 

(Dollars in thousands)

   March 31,
2006
   December 31,
2005

Allowance for loan and lease losses

   $ 74,568    $ 82,159

Reserve for unfunded credit commitments

     8,823      7,279
             

Total reserves

   $ 83,391    $ 89,438
             

Property, Premises and Equipment

Property, premises and equipment decreased by $5.5 million to $98.5 million at March 31, 2006 compared to $104.0 million at December 31, 2005. The primary reason for this decrease is the $4.5 million decrease in equipment leased to others, net of accumulated depreciation. The equipment leased to others, net of accumulated depreciation, was $59.6 million at March 31, 2006, compared to $64.1 million at December 31, 2005. This decrease is the result of the reduction in the size of the operating lease portfolio. The reduction in the operating lease portfolio is a result of actions we have taken to categorize newly originated leases as direct financing leases that previously would have been categorized as operating leases.

Lease contracts are categorized as direct financing leases or operating leases in accordance with the definitions in SFAS No. 13, “Accounting for Leases” (or “SFAS No. 13”). Direct financing leases are included in our loan portfolio and operating leases are included in property, premises and equipment. The primary reason most of our operating leases are categorized as such is because the net present value of the payments do not meet or exceed 90% of the fair value of the leased asset on those leases. Beginning in 2005, we insured the residual value of leased assets on certain leases that would otherwise qualify as operating leases. By insuring the residual value, we are then allowed to include the insured residual in the payment stream for purposes of performing the 90% minimum lease payment test to determine if the lease contract qualifies as a direct financing lease. During the three months ended March 31, 2006 and the year ended December 31, 2005, we originated lease contracts with an original equipment cost of $11.1 million and $14.0 million, respectively, whose residual value is insured, and as a result are classified as direct financing leases.

 

55


GREATER BAY BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)

 

Deposits

Total deposits increased $50.2 million during the three months ended March 31, 2006 to $5.1 billion at March 31, 2006. Total core deposits, which exclude brokered and other institutional time deposits, decreased by $93.5 million during the three months ended March 31, 2006 to $4.5 billion at March 31, 2006. The decrease in core deposits primarily reflected attrition in demand deposit balances. The reduction in demand deposit balances was a result of several factors including internal transfers to other deposit products, clients acting on planned uses of funds, and seasonality variances, with a only small portion attributable to actual displaced business.

See “Net Interest Income” above for additional information regarding the average balances and interest expense on deposits.

Borrowings

Borrowings were $960.6 million at March 31, 2006 and $1.0 billion at December 31, 2005. At March 31, 2006, borrowings consisted of FHLB advances, securities sold under agreements to repurchase, subordinated debt, senior notes, and other notes payable. Borrowings decreased during the three months ended March 31, 2006 primarily as a result of a $82.4 million decrease in CODES due 2024. The CODES due 2024 decreased as a result of the holders of the CODES due 2024 exercising their put option, which was slightly offset by accretion on those instruments through the date of the put. This decrease was partially offset by a $35.0 million increase in FHLB advances.

See Note 5 of the notes to consolidated financial statements presented in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and Note 9 of the notes to consolidated financial statements presented in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2005 for additional information and description of borrowing arrangements that existed at December 31, 2005 that remain outstanding at March 31, 2006.

Liquidity and Cash Flow

Our liquidity management objective is to maintain our ability to meet day-to-day obligations as they come due and to allow the Bank to meet the funding needs of its clients while avoiding carrying excess cash and cash equivalent balances due to their low-yielding nature. We monitor the sources and uses of funds on a daily basis to maintain an appropriate liquidity position. In addition to asset liquidity and funds provided from operations, we have substantial access to wholesale funding markets, principally through FHLB advances, brokered certificates of deposits, and securities sold under repurchase agreements.

Net cash provided by operating activities totaled $7.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2006 and $22.3 million for the same period in 2005.

Cash provided by investing activities totaled $8.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2006 compared to cash used by investing activities of $52.7 million for the same period in 2005. The net cash used for loans was $1.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2006, compared to $19.8 million for the same period in 2005. Net cash used for securities, including maturities, partial paydowns, sales and purchases, was $15.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2006 and net cash provided by securities was $6.5 million during the same period in 2005. The decrease in cash provided by securities activities during the first quarter of 2006 was a result of slowing of the prepayment rate of our securities portfolio. Management of our security portfolio is described above under the heading “Net Interest Income – Our Interest Rate Risk Management Strategy.”

 

56


GREATER BAY BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)

 

Net cash used by financing activities was $1.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2006 and net cash provided by financing activities was $72.6 million for the same period in 2005. Short-term and long-term borrowings, including the put of our CODES, resulted in a $46.9 million use of cash during the first quarter of 2006 compared to a $195.7 million source of cash during the first quarter of 2005. We manage our borrowing levels based on several factors, including liquidity needed to fund loan growth not funded through growth in deposits, the funding requirements of our securities portfolio, and precautionary liquidity requirements of the Bank and our holding company.

As of March 31, 2006, we did not have any material capital expenditure commitments.

Liquidity of the Holding Company

The holding company is a company separate and apart from the Bank and ABD, and therefore it must provide for its own liquidity. In addition to its own operating expenses, our holding company is responsible for the payment of fees, interest and principal on its line of credit, senior notes, subordinated debt, and CODES, and the payment of dividends on its capital stock. Substantially all of the holding company’s revenues are obtained from interest received on its securities and dividends paid by our subsidiaries.

During the three months ended March 31, 2006, all of the holders of our outstanding CODES due 2024 exercised their put option, in exchange for aggregate cash of $82.5 million. The CODES due 2024 were contingently convertible into an aggregate of 2,145,387 shares of our common stock, but were not convertible at the time of the put.

There are statutory and regulatory provisions that limit the ability of the Bank and ABD to pay dividends to the holding company. Under such restrictions, the amount available for payment of dividends to the holding company totaled $81.4 million at March 31, 2006. We do not believe that these restrictions will adversely impact the holding company’s ability to meet its ongoing cash obligations. See Note 5 of the notes to consolidated financial statements for additional information concerning the holding company’s obligations under its line of credit, senior notes, subordinated debt and the CODES.

Capital Resources

Shareholders’ equity is our primary source of capital. The activity in our shareholders’ equity during the three months ended March 31, 2006 is presented in the consolidated statements of shareholders’ equity. See Note 13 of the notes to consolidated financial statements presented in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2005 for a description of the components of shareholders’ equity.

An additional regulatory capital component is the Trust Preferred Securities issued by our subsidiary capital trusts that under applicable regulatory guidelines, qualify as Tier I capital up to a maximum of 33% of core capital. Any additional portion of Trust Preferred Securities would qualify as Tier II capital. As of March 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005, those subsidiary trusts have $204.0 million in Trust Preferred Securities outstanding, all of which qualifies as Tier I capital.

A banking organization’s total regulatory qualifying capital includes two components: core capital (Tier I capital) and supplementary capital (Tier II capital). Core capital, which must comprise at least half of total capital, includes common shareholders’ equity, qualifying perpetual preferred stock, Trust Preferred Securities and minority interests, less goodwill. Supplementary capital includes the allowance for loan and lease losses and the reserve for unfunded credit commitments (subject to certain limitations), other perpetual preferred stock, Trust Preferred Securities (subject to certain limitations), certain other capital instruments and term subordinated debt (subject to certain limitations). Our major capital components are shareholders’ equity and Trust Preferred Securities in core capital, and the allowance for loan and lease losses and the reserve for unfunded credit commitments in supplementary capital.

 

57


GREATER BAY BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)

 

The Federal Reserve and Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (or “OCC”) have adopted regulations setting forth a five-tier system for measuring the capital adequacy of the financial institutions they supervise. Our capital levels at March 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005, and related minimum regulatory requirements were as follows:

 

     Non- regulatory
capital ratios
    Regulatory capital ratios  
     Tangible
common
equity
    Total
tangible
equity
    Leverage
ratio
    Tier I
risk-based
capital ratio
    Total
risk-based
capital ratio
 

Greater Bay Bancorp:

          

March 31, 2006

   5.86 %   7.38 %   10.77 %   12.48 %   13.73 %

December 31, 2005

   5.56 %   7.07 %   10.41 %   12.01 %   13.26 %

The Bank:

          

March 31, 2006

   10.45 %   10.45 %   12.04 %   13.82 %   15.07 %

December 31, 2005

   10.35 %   10.35 %   11.90 %   13.59 %   14.85 %

Well-capitalized minimum

   N/A     N/A     5.00 %   6.00 %   10.00 %

Adequately capitalized minimum

   N/A     N/A     4.00 %   4.00 %   8.00 %

Our tangible total equity to tangible asset ratio increased from 7.07% at December 31, 2005 to 7.38% at March 31, 2006. Our tangible common equity to tangible asset ratio increased from 5.56% at December 31, 2005 to 5.86% at March 31, 2006. These increases are primarily a result of the growth of common shareholders’ equity, resulting primarily from retained earnings increasing at a faster rate than total assets. At March 31, 2006, total goodwill and other intangibles was $290.7 million, the majority of which is related to the ABD acquisition. Based on ABD’s performance and current comparable valuations of recent sales of peer insurance agencies, we believe that ABD is worth more than the recorded goodwill and the value of other intangibles. The following table sets forth the reconciliation of shareholders’ equity to tangible equity and total assets to tangible assets.

 

(Dollars in thousands)

   March 31,
2006
    December 31,
2005
 

Common shareholders’ equity

   $ 690,484     $ 672,624  

Less: goodwill and other intangibles

     (290,733 )     (293,030 )
                

Tangible common equity

   $ 399,751     $ 379,594  

Convertible preferred stock

     103,097       103,387  
                

Tangible equity

   $ 502,848     $ 482,981  
                

Total assets

   $ 7,108,506     $ 7,120,969  

Less: goodwill and other intangibles

     (290,733 )     (293,030 )
                

Tangible assets

   $ 6,817,773     $ 6,827,939  
                

 

58


GREATER BAY BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)

 

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements and Aggregate Contractual Obligations

The following table provides the amounts due under specified contractual obligations for the periods indicated as of March 31, 2006.

 

(Dollars in thousands)

   Total    Less than
one year
   One to
three years
   Four to
five years
   More than
five years

Deposits

   $ 5,108,761    $ 4,918,152    $ 190,701    $ 80,867    $ 41

Long-term borrowings

     751,861      —        341,349      200,201      210,311

Other long-term liabilities reflected on the balance sheet in accordance with GAAP

     60,407      —        —        —        60,407
                                  

Total accrued contractual obligations

     5,921,029      4,918,152      451,050      281,068      270,759
                                  

Operating lease obligations

     109,113      20,865      44,806      10,461      32,981

Purchase obligations

     8,170      8,170      —        —        —  
                                  

Total off-balance sheet arrangements

     117,283      29,035      44,806      10,461      32,981
                                  

Total contractual obligations

   $ 6,063,312    $ 4,947,187    $ 495,857    $ 291,529    $ 303,740
                                  

Other information:

              

Contingent payments

   $ 27,544    $ 14,081    $ 13,463    $ —      $ —  

Commitments to fund loans

   $ 1,454,538    $ 1,454,538    $ —      $ —      $ —  

Commitments under letters of credit

   $ 111,668    $ 111,668    $ —      $ —      $ —  

The obligations are categorized by their contractual due dates. Approximately $457.0 million of the commitments to fund loans relate to real estate construction, a significant portion of which is expected to fund within the next 18 months. However, the remainder of the commitment to fund loans relates primarily to revolving lines of credit or other commercial loans and many of these commitments are expected to expire without being drawn upon. Therefore, the total undrawn commitments do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. See Note 6 of the notes to consolidated financial statements for a further description of contingent payments.

We may, at our option, prepay certain borrowings and Trust Preferred Securities prior to their maturity date. Furthermore, the actual payment of certain current liabilities may be deferred into future periods.

Purchase obligations include unfunded commitments totaling $8.2 million on certain equity investments in venture capital funds and partnerships and corporations that invest in CRA qualified assets.

RESULTS BY BUSINESS SEGMENTS

During 2005, we changed the composition of our reportable business segments. We have restated all prior period segment information to conform to the current composition of reportable segments. We have four reportable business segments, which are community banking, treasury, Matsco, and ABD. In addition, we have four additional smaller operating segments that include Greater Bay Capital, Greater Bay SBA Group, Greater Bay Business Funding, and Greater Bay Trust Company whose results are combined and reported in all other segments. Our business segments do not include the results of the holding company, bank administration and operations, the Greater Bay Real Estate Lending Group, and Corporate Finance as those units do not meet the definition of an operating segment. The results for these four units are included in the reconciliation between business segment totals and our consolidated total. See Note 11 of the notes to consolidated financial statements for a description of our business segments, intersegment revenues and expenses, intercompany allocation and the provision for income taxes, and additional information about the changes to operating segments presented.

 

59


GREATER BAY BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)

 

Community Banking

We provide a wide range of commercial banking and financial services to small and medium-sized businesses, real estate developers and property managers, business executives, professionals, and other individuals.

The key measures we use to evaluate community banking’s performance are provided in the following table. The table also provides additional significant segment measures useful to understanding the performance of this segment:

 

     As of and for the three months ended March 31,  

(Dollars in thousands)

   2006     2005  

Key Measures:

    

Statement of operations:

    

Interest income

   $ 87,938     $ 74,510  

Interest expense

     24,097       15,483  
                

Net interest income before reversal of provision for credit losses

     63,841       59,027  

Reversal of provision for credit losses

     (1,200 )     (8,291 )
                

Net interest income after reversal of provision for credit losses

     65,041       67,318  

Non-interest income

     3,375       3,490  

Operating expenses

     13,822       13,671  
                

Income before provision for income taxes and intercompany allocation

   $ 54,594     $ 57,137  
                

Balance sheet:

    

Assets

   $ 3,033,205     $ 3,501,029  

Deposits

   $ 4,579,210     $ 4,962,832  

Other Significant Segment Measures:

    

Average loans

   $ 3,017,330     $ 3,169,546  

Yield earned on loans

     7.61 %     6.58 %

Net charge-offs (recoveries)

   $ (975 )   $ 2,394  

Average interest-bearing deposits

   $ 3,633,416     $ 3,981,162  

Rate paid on deposits

     2.25 %     1.51 %

Compensation and benefits

   $ 8,634     $ 7,753  

Interest charges received from other segments and included in net interest income, net

   $ 27,362     $ 22,300  

During the first quarter of 2006, community banking’s net income before provision for income taxes and intercompany allocations decreased 4.5% to $54.6 million compared to $57.1 million during the first quarter of 2005. This decrease was primarily due to a decrease in the reversal of provision for credit losses, partially offset by an increase in net interest income.

Net Interest Income after Reversal of Provision for of Credit Losses

Net interest income after reversal of provision for credit losses decreased to $65.0 million during the first quarter of 2006, compared to $67.3 million for the first quarter of 2005. The specific factors affecting net interest income after reversal of provision for credit losses include the following:

 

   

Interest income on loans was $56.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2006, compared to $51.4 million during the same period in 2005. This increase is primarily the result of an increase in the average

 

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GREATER BAY BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)

 

 

yields earned on loans and is reflective of higher wholesale market interest rates for the three months ended March 31, 2006 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2005. The average yield earned on loans for the first quarter of 2006 was 103 basis points higher than the first quarter of 2005;

 

    Interest expense on deposits increased to $20.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2006 compared to $14.8 million during the same period in 2005. This increase was primarily due to an increase in the average interest rates paid which is reflective of higher wholesale market interest rates. The increase in the rate paid on deposits was partially offset by a decrease in average deposit balances during the three months ended March 31, 2006 compared to the same period in 2005; and

 

    The reversal of provision for credit losses decreased by $7.1 million during the three months ended March 31, 2006 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2005. This decrease was primarily a result of additional provision for credit losses that resulted from increased construction lending activity and was partially offset by improvement in the overall credit risk ratings and a reduction in the assumed rates of default for the loan and lease portfolio, which are key factors in our process for estimating allowance requirements.

Non-interest Income

Community banking’s non-interest income decreased during the first quarter of 2006 compared to the first quarter of 2005 primarily as a result of a decrease in service charges and other fee income.

Operating Expenses

Community banking’s operating expense increased during the three months ended March 31, 2006 compared to the same period in 2005, primarily as a result of an increase in compensation and benefits expense. This increase was partially offset by decreases in legal and other professional fees and other expenses. Compensation and benefits were $8.6 million during the three months ended March 31, 2006 compared to $7.8 million for the same period in 2005. The increase in compensation and benefits includes a $553,000 increase in the segment’s bonus expense. Legal and other professional fees were $126,000 during the three months ended March 31, 2006 compared to $370,000 for the same period in 2005. The decrease in legal and other professional fees were a result of charter integration and compliance related initiatives completed during 2005.

Balance Sheet

Loans decreased by $30.0 million during the three months ended March 31, 2006 compared to December 31, 2005. The balance of community banking’s loan portfolio was impacted by the payoff of approximately $70 million of nonperforming and other large loans where accelerated collection was sought and successfully realized during the period.

Deposits decreased by $180.8 million during the three months ended March 31, 2006 compared to December 31, 2005. This decrease is due in part to a decrease of $81.6 million in deposits from other segments and the parent company, which are eliminated in consolidation. The reduction in deposit balances was a result of several factors including clients acting on planned uses of funds and seasonality variances.

 

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GREATER BAY BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)

 

Treasury

Treasury manages the Bank’s investment portfolio, wholesale funding, and day-to-day liquidity position. Treasury’s assets are primarily comprised of the Bank’s securities portfolio and purchased residential mortgage loans. Treasury’s liabilities include wholesale fundings, which is comprised of brokered and institutional time deposits and the Bank’s non-deposit borrowings.

The key measures we use to evaluate treasury’s performance are provided in the following table. The table also provides additional significant segment measures useful to understanding the performance of this segment:

 

     As of and for the three months ended March 31,  

(Dollars in thousands)

   2006     2005  

Key Measures:

    

Statement of operations:

    

Interest income

   $ 18,687     $ 19,897  

Interest expense

     24,120       18,806  
                

Net interest income before (reversal of) / provision for credit losses

     (5,433 )     1,091  

(Reversal of) / provision for credit losses

     (94 )     565  
                

Net interest income after (reversal of) / provision for credit losses

     (5,339 )     526  

Non-interest income

     27       333  

Operating expenses

     —         —    
                

Income / (loss) before provision for income taxes and intercompany allocation

   $ (5,312 )   $ 859  
                

Balance sheet:

    

Assets

   $ 1,672,179     $ 2,152,778  

Deposits

   $ 637,390     $ 250,236  

Other Significant Segment Measures:

    

Average loans

   $ 235,385     $ 40,055  

Yield earned on loans

     4.45 %     4.58 %

Average securities

   $ 1,410,546     $ 1,491,114  

Yield earned on securities

     4.67 %     4.40 %

Average interest-bearing deposits

   $ 530,810     $ 244,727  

Rate paid on deposits

     4.51 %     2.24 %

Interest charges paid to other segments and and included in net interest expense, net

   $ (13,790 )   $ (12,134 )

During the three months ended March 31, 2006, treasury had a loss before provision for income taxes and intercompany allocations of $5.3 million compared to income before provision for income taxes and intercompany allocation of $859,000 during the same period in 2005. Treasury reported a loss in 2006 as opposed to positive income during 2005 as a result of a change in its asset mix and changes in interest rates. These changes are reflected in a lower average investment portfolio balance, an increase in the rate paid for intersegment borrowings and rollover of maturing wholesale fundings in the context of a rising rate environment. As a result, interest expense exceeded interest income during the three month period ended March 31, 2006. Treasury may continue to report such losses in future periods. Management evaluates the performance of the treasury segment based on several qualitative factors in addition to its income or loss before provision for income taxes and intercompany allocation. The qualitative factors include treasury’s success in positioning the Bank’s overall asset/liability position in order to achieve company-wide interested rate risk goals and treasury’s management of day-to-day liquidity requirements. Treasury’s role in supporting these company-wide initiatives may require treasury to allocate its own asset mix in a manner that is unprofitable to the segment on a stand alone basis.

 

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GREATER BAY BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)

 

Net Interest Income after Provision for Credit Losses

Net interest income after provision for credit losses was a $5.3 million loss during the three months ended March 31, 2006, compared to income of $526,000 during the same period in 2005. The specific factors affecting net interest income after provision for credit losses include the following:

 

    Interest income on loans was $2.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2006 compared to $453,000 during the same period in 2005. This increase is a result of an increase in the average balance of purchased residential mortgage loans;

 

    Interest income on securities increased to $16.5 million during the three months ended March 31, 2006 compared to $16.4 million during the same period in 2005. The increase was primarily a result of an increase in the average yield on securities;

 

    Interest income on Federal funds sold decreased to $132,000 during the three months ended March 31, 2006 compared to $3.5 million during the same period in 2005. The decrease was primarily a result of a decrease in the average Federal funds sold;

 

    Intersegment interest expense (representing net interest charges paid to the other segments) was $13.8 million during the three months ended March 31, 2006 compared to $12.1 million during the same period in 2005 as net funding purchased from other segments increased;

 

    Interest expense on brokered and institutional deposits was $5.9 million during the three months ended March 31, 2006 compared to $1.4 million during the first quarter of 2005. This increase was primarily due to an increase in the average deposit balance as well as an increase in the rate paid on deposits;

 

    Interest expense on borrowings was $4.4 million during the three months ended March 31, 2006 compared to $5.3 million during the same period of 2005. This decrease was primarily due to a decrease in the average balance of the borrowings offset partially by an increase in the average rate paid; and

 

    The provision for credit losses decreased by $659,000 during the three months ended March 31, 2006 compared to the same period in 2005. This decrease was primarily a result of a decline in the loan portfolio during the three months ended March 31, 2006 as compared to an increase in the loan portfolio during the same period in 2005.

Non-interest Income

Non-interest income was $27,000 during the three months ended March 31, 2006 compared to $333,000 during the same period in 2005. During the three months ended March 31, 2005, non-interest income was primarily comprised of income on equity method investments and derivative gains related to the change in market value of purchased residential mortgage loans between the price commitment dates. There were no such gains or losses during the same period of 2006.

Balance Sheet

Securities decreased by $24.1 million during the three months ended March 31, 2006 compared to December 31, 2005. Treasury loans are comprised of our purchased residential mortgage loan portfolio. Loans decreased by $5.6 million during the three months ended March 31, 2006. Brokered and institutional time deposits increased by $143.7 million during the three months ended March 31, 2006 compared to December 31, 2005.

Changes in securities and purchased loan balances reflect management’s investment preferences while changes in deposits reflect changes in treasury’s asset funding requirements together with net funding requirements of other business segments that treasury supports in light of our overall deposit position.

 

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GREATER BAY BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)

 

Matsco

Our Matsco division offers a complete range of financial products and services to meet the needs of dentists and veterinarians. Matsco’s principal financial products include practice start-up financing, practice expansion financing, practice acquisition financing, working capital and financing for retirement planning. These products are structured as either equipment leases or loans.

The key measures we use to evaluate Matsco’s performance are provided in the following table. The table also provides additional significant segment measures useful to understanding the performance of this segment:

 

     As of and for the three months ended March 31,  

(Dollars in thousands)

   2006     2005  

Key Measures:

    

Statement of operations:

    

Interest income

   $ 16,692     $ 14,799  

Interest expense

     8,235       6,360  
                

Net interest income before (reversal of) / provision for credit losses

     8,457       8,439  

(Reversal of) / provision for credit losses

     (3,508 )     5,895  
                

Net interest income after (reversal of) / provision for credit losses

     11,965       2,544  

Non-interest income

     842       1,072  

Operating expenses

     3,211       2,970  
                

Income before provision for income taxes and intercompany allocation

   $ 9,596     $ 646  
                

Balance sheet:

    

Assets

   $ 912,703     $ 799,145  

Other Significant Segment Measures:

    

Average loans

   $ 890,877     $ 776,633  

Yield earned on loans

     7.60 %     7.73 %

Net charge-offs

   $ 732     $ 829  

Compensation and benefits

   $ 1,987     $ 1,803  

Interest charges paid to other segments and and included in net interest expense, net

   $ (8,235 )   $ (6,360 )

During the three months ended March 31, 2006, Matsco’s net income before provision for income taxes and intercompany allocation increased to $9.6 million compared to $646,000 during the same period in 2005. This increase was primarily due to a decrease in the provision for credit losses.

Net Interest Income after Provision for Credit Losses

Net interest income after provision for credit losses increased to $12.0 million during the three months ended March 31, 2006 compared to $2.5 million during the same period in 2005. The specific factors affecting net interest income after recovery of credit losses include the following:

 

    Interest income on loans was $16.7 million during the three months ended March 31, 2006 compared to $14.8 million during the same period in 2005. This increase was primarily the result of an increase in the average balance of loans outstanding. This increase was partially offset by a decrease in the average yield earned; and

 

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GREATER BAY BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)

 

    The provision for credit losses decreased by $9.4 million during the three months ended March 31, 2006 compared to the same period in 2005. This decrease was primarily a result of improvement in the overall credit risk metrics that are key factors in our process for estimating allowance requirements.

Non-interest Income

Non-interest income is primarily comprised of other loan related income and other income. Other loan related income decreased to $481,000 during the three months ended March 31, 2006 compared to $533,000 during the same period in 2005. This decrease reflects lower early termination gains due to fewer loan payoffs. Other income was $361,000 during the three months ended March 31, 2006 and $540,000 for the same period in 2005. This decrease is due to lower late fees.

Operating Expenses

Operating expenses increased by $241,000 during the three months ended March 31, 2006 compared to the same period in 2005 primarily due to increases in compensation and benefits.

Balance Sheet

Assets increased during the first quarter of 2006 by $34.3 million reflecting Matsco’s excess of loan originations over principal payoffs and net charge-offs compared to December 31, 2005. An increase in Matsco’s intersegment borrowings provided funding to support loan portfolio growth.

ABD

ABD is a commercial insurance brokerage and employee benefits consulting firm with offices located in California, Washington and Nevada, and clients throughout the United States. ABD is engaged in selling commercial, personal property, casualty, employee benefits, life and retirement insurance products and providing risk management consulting services.

The key measures we use to evaluate insurance brokerage services’ performance are provided in the following table. The table also provides additional significant segment measures useful to understanding the performance of this segment:

 

     As of and for the three months ended March 31,

(Dollars in thousands)

   2006    2005

Key Measures:

     

Statement of operations:

     

Interest income

   $ 225    $ 348

Interest expense

     129      55
             

Net interest income

     96      293

Insurance commissions and fees and non-interst income

     45,374      38,198

Operating expenses

     36,144      30,242
             

Income before provision for income taxes and intercompany allocation

   $ 9,326    $ 8,249
             

Balance sheet:

     

Assets (1)

   $ 368,583    $ 325,254

Other Significant Segment Measures:

     

Insurance commissions and fees

   $ 45,180    $ 38,198

Compensation and benefits

   $ 26,940    $ 22,342

(1) Assets include goodwill of $210.1 million and $181.0 million as of March 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively.

 

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GREATER BAY BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)

 

Insurance brokerage services’ income before provision for income taxes and intercompany allocation increased to $9.3 million during the three months ended March 31, 2006 from $8.2 million during the same period in 2005.

Insurance Commissions and Fees and Other Non-interest Income

ABD’s primary source of revenue is insurance commissions and fees earned on the sales of insurance products and insurance related consulting services. These fees were $45.2 million during the three months ended March 31, 2006 and $38.2 million during same period in 2005. These increases are primarily the result of the acquisition of Lucini/Parish in May 2005. Lucini/Parish generated insurance commissions and fees of $6.8 million during the three months ended March 31, 2006.

Operating Expenses

ABD’s principal expenses are compensation and benefits, occupancy and equipment, and intangible asset amortization. Compensation and benefits were $26.9 million and $22.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively. The increases were primarily related to the acquisition of Lucini/Parish, which resulted in compensation and benefits expenses of $3.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2006.

All Other Segments

Our other operating segments include equipment lease financing through our Greater Bay Capital division, asset-based lending and accounts receivable factoring through our Greater Bay Business Funding, loans to small businesses on which the SBA generally provides guarantees, and the Greater Bay Trust Company, which provides trust services to support the trust needs of the Bank’s clients. These services include, but are not limited to custodial, investment management, estate planning and employee benefit plan services.

RECENT ACCOUNTING DEVELOPMENTS

See Note 13 of the notes to consolidated financial statements for a description of recent accounting developments.

 

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GREATER BAY BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

Economic Value Interest Rate Sensitivity

Interest rate sensitivity is computed by estimating the changes in economic value over a range of potential yield curve shocks. Economic value sensitivity is defined as the economic value of our assets less the economic value of our liabilities plus or minus the economic value of off-balance sheet items. The economic value of each asset, liability and off-balance sheet item is its discounted present value of expected cash flows. Discount rates are based on implied forward market rates of interest, adjusted for assumed shock scenario interest rate changes. The following table shows our projected percentage change in economic value sensitivity for parallel yield curve shocks as of the dates indicated relative to the value if wholesale market rates remain static.

 

     Projected change in economic value  

Change in interest rates

   March 31,
2006
    March 31,
2005
 

100 basis point rise

   1.2 %   -1.7 %

100 basis point decline

   -2.4 %   -0.3 %

The economic value of portfolio equity sensitivity from March 31, 2005 to March 31, 2006 has shifted slightly due to changes in wholesale rates, decreased exposure from the investment portfolio, and extended liability durations.

Forecasted Net Interest Income Interest Rate Sensitivity

The impact of interest rate changes on the next 12 months’ net interest income are measured using income simulation. The various products in our balance sheet are modeled to simulate their income (and cash flow) behavior in relation to interest rate movements. Income for the next 12 months is calculated using the implied forward curve and for immediate and sustained yield curve shocks.

The income simulation model includes various assumptions about the repricing behavior for each product and new business volumes and rate behaviors. Many of our assets are floating rate loans, which would subsequently reprice in response to changes in market interest rates with the repricing being the same extent as the change in the underlying contracted index. Our administered rate non-term deposit products are assumed to reprice more slowly, usually changing less than the assumed wholesale market rate change. The following table shows our projected percentage change in 12 month net interest income as a consequence of parallel yield curve shocks from the implied forward curve:

 

     Projected change in net interest income  

Change in interest rates

  

March 31,

2006

   

March 31,

2005

 

100 basis point rise

   0.6 %   0.6 %

100 basis point decline

   -0.3 %   -0.9 %

Net interest income sensitivity from March 31, 2005 to March 31, 2006 was relatively stable.

 

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GREATER BAY BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

 

ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

In accordance with Rule 13a-15(b) of the Exchange Act, we carried out an evaluation as of March 31, 2006 under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act. Based on that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are effective as of March 31, 2006.

During the three months ended March 31, 2006, there were no changes in our internal controls over financial reporting that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, these controls.

 

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GREATER BAY BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

Part II. Other Information

ITEM 1. Legal Proceedings

none

ITEM 1A. Risk Factors

There have been no material changes to the risk factors disclosed in Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2005.

ITEM 2. Unregistered Sale of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

There were no unregistered sales of equity securities during the first quarter of 2006.

On March 23, 2005, we announced a common stock repurchase program that authorized the purchase of up to and including $80.0 million in common stock. We did not repurchase any of our shares of common stock during the three months ended March 31, 2006. As of March 31, 2006, there was $30.7 million remaining under the repurchase program. We also did not repurchase any of our Series B Preferred Stock during the three months ended March 31, 2006.

During the three months ended March 31, 2006, all of the holders of our outstanding CODES due 2024 exercised their put option, in exchange for aggregate cash of $82.5 million. The CODES due 2024 were contingently convertible into an aggregate of 2,145,387 shares of our common stock, but were not convertible at the time of the put.

ITEM 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities

none

ITEM 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders

none

ITEM 5. Other Information

none

ITEM 6. Exhibits

The Exhibits listed below are filed or incorporated by reference as part of this Report.

 

Exhibit No.  

Description of Exhibits

31.1   Certification of Chief Executive Officer under Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.2   Certification of Chief Financial Officer under Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.1   Certification of Chief Executive Officer under Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.2   Certification of Chief Financial Officer under Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

 

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GREATER BAY BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

Signature

In accordance with the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the registrant has caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

 

Greater Bay Bancorp
(Registrant)
By:  

/s/ JAMES S. WESTFALL

  James S. Westfall
  Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Date: May 5, 2006

 

70