kl02071.htm

 

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
 
FORM 10-K
 
ý Annual Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d)
of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
 
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008
 
or
 
o Transition Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934
 
For the transition period from                  to                
 
Commission file number 000-51442
 
GENCO SHIPPING & TRADING LIMITED
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
 
Republic of the Marshall Islands
 
98-043-9758
(State or other jurisdiction of
 
(I.R.S. Employer
incorporation or organization)
 
Identification No.)
     
299 Park Avenue, 20th Floor, New York, New York
 
10171
(Address of principal executive offices)
 
(Zip Code)

 
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (646) 443-8550
 
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of Each Class

Common Stock, par value $.01 per share

 
Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered
 
 
New York Stock Exchange
 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
None

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.
Yes o No ý

Indicated by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.
Yes o No ý

Indicate by checkmark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports) and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
 
 

 
Yes ý No o

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of the registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.
ý

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company.  See the definition of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
 
Large accelerated filer ý        Accelerated filer o      Non-accelerated filer oSmaller reporting company o

Indicate by check mark whether registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).
Yes o No ý


The aggregate market value of the registrant's voting common equity held by non-affiliates of the registrant on the last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter, computed by reference to the last sale price of such stock of $65.20 per share as of June 30, 2008 on the New York Stock Exchange, was approximately $1,692.6 million.  The registrant has no non-voting common equity issued and outstanding.  The determination of affiliate status for purposes of this paragraph is not necessarily a conclusive determination for any other purpose.
 
The number of shares outstanding of the registrant's common stock as of March 2, 2009 was 31,709,548 shares.

 
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

Portions of our Proxy Statement for the 2009 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission not later than 120 days after December 31, 2008, are incorporated by reference in Part III herein.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 


2 
 

 


PART I

ITEM 1.  BUSINESS

OVERVIEW

We are a New York City-based company, incorporated in the Marshall Islands in 2004.  We transport iron ore, coal, grain, steel products and other drybulk cargoes along worldwide shipping routes.  Our fleet currently consists of 32 drybulk carriers, 14 of which we acquired from a subsidiary of The China National Cereals Oil and Foodstuffs Corp., or COFCO, a Chinese conglomerate, in December 2004 and during the first six months of 2005.  The Genco Muse was acquired in October 2005 from Western Bulk Carriers, and in November 2006, we took delivery of three drybulk vessels from affiliates of Franco Compania Naviera S.A.  In July 2007, we entered into an agreement to acquire nine Capesize vessels from companies within the Metrostar Management Corporation group for a net purchase price of $1,111 million.  The Company took delivery of four of these vessels in the second half of 2007 and two of these vessels during 2008.  We expect to take delivery of the remaining three of these vessels in 2009.  In August 2007, the Company also agreed to acquire six drybulk vessels (three Supramax and three Handysize) from affiliates of Evalend Shipping Co. S.A. for a net purchase price of $336 million.  The Company took delivery of five of these vessels in December 2007 and the sixth vessel in January 2008.  During 2007, the Company sold the Genco Glory, a Handymax vessel, and the Genco Commander, a Handymax vessel, and realized a gain of $27 million.  During February 2008, the Genco Trader, a Panamax vessel, was sold to SW Shipping Co., Ltd. for $44 million, less a 2% third party brokerage commission.  In June 2008, we entered into an agreement to acquire six drybulk newbuildings (three Capesize and three Handysize) from Lambert Navgation Ltd., Northville Navigation Ltd., Providence Navigation Ltd., and Primebulk Navigation Ltd., for an aggregate purchase price of $530 million.  We subsequently cancelled this acquisition in November 2008, in order to strengthen our liquidity and in light of current market conditions.  The cancellation resulted in a realized loss during the fourth quarter of $53.8 million as a result of the forfeiture of the deposit and related interest.  Additionally, during May 2008, we agreed to acquire three 2007-built vessels, consisting of two Panamax vessels and one Supramax vessel from Bocimar Internation N.V. and Delphis N.V., for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $257 million, which were delivered during 2008.  Twenty-nine of the 32 vessels in our fleet are on time charter contracts, and have an average remaining life of approximately 16.6 months as of December 31, 2008.  Three of our vessels operate in vessel pools, such as the Baumarine Panamax Pool and the Bulkhandling Handymax Pool.   Under a pool arrangement, the vessels operate under a time charter agreement whereby the cost of bunkers and port expenses are borne by the pool and operating costs including crews, maintenance and insurance are typically paid by the owner of the vessel.  Since the members of the pool share in the revenue generated by the entire group of vessels in the pool, and the pool operates in the spot market, the revenue earned by these three vessels are subject to the fluctuations of the spot market.  Most of our vessels are chartered to well-known charterers, including Lauritzen Bulkers A/S (“Lauritzen Bulkers”), Cargill International S.A. (“Cargill”), NYK Bulkship Europe (“NYK Europe”), Pacific Basin Chartering Ltd. (“Pacbasin”), STX Panocean (UK) Co. Ltd. (“STX”), COSCO Bulk Carriers Co., Ltd. (“Cosco”), and Hyundai Merchant Marine Co. Ltd. (“HMMC”).

We intend to continue to grow our fleet through timely and selective acquisitions of vessels in a manner that is accretive to our cash flow.  In connection with the acquisitions made in 2007 and our growth strategy, we negotiated a credit facility which we entered into as of July 20, 2007 (our “2007 Credit Facility”) for a total amount of $1,377 million that we have used to acquire vessels.  As of February 27, 2009, we had approximately $203.7 million of available borrowing capacity under our 2007 Credit Facility.  We recently agreed to an amendment to our 2007 Credit Facility that contained a waiver of the collateral maintenance requirement.  As a condition of this waiver, among other things, we agreed to suspend our cash dividends and share repurchases until such time as we can satisfy the collateral maintenance requirement.

Our management team and our other employees are responsible for the commercial and strategic management of our fleet.  Commercial management includes the negotiation of charters for vessels, managing the mix of various types of charters, such as time charters and voyage charters, and monitoring the performance of our vessels under their
 
 
 
3

 
charters.  Strategic management includes locating, purchasing, financing and selling vessels. We currently contract with three independent technical managers, to provide technical management of our fleet at a lower cost than we believe would be possible in-house.  Technical management involves the day-to-day management of vessels, including performing routine maintenance, attending to vessel operations and arranging for crews and supplies.  Members of our New York City-based management team oversee the activities of our independent technical managers.

The Company holds an investment in the capital stock of Jinhui Shipping and Transportation Limited (“Jinhui”).   Jinhui is a drybulk shipping owner and operator focused on the Supramax segment of drybulk shipping.  The Company deemed its investment in Jinhui to be other-than-temporarily impaired as of December 31, 2008 due to the severity of the decline in its market value versus our cost basis.  As a result, during the fourth quarter of 2008, the Company recorded a $103.9 million impairment charge in its Consolidated Statement of Operations.  We will continue to review the investment in Jinhui for impairment on a quarterly basis.

Our fleet currently consists of six Capesize, eight Panamax, four Supramax, six Handymax and eight Handysize drybulk carriers, with an aggregate carrying capacity of approximately 2,396,500 deadweight tons (dwt).  As of December 31, 2008, the average age of the vessels currently in our fleet was 6.5 years, as compared to the average age for the world fleet of approximately 15 years for the drybulk shipping segments in which we compete.  All of the vessels in our fleet were built in Japanese, Korean, Philippine or Chinese shipyards with reputations for constructing high-quality vessels.  Our fleet contains nine groups of sister ships, which are vessels of virtually identical sizes and specifications.

AVAILABLE INFORMATION

We file annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements, and other documents with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC, under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, or the Exchange Act.  The public may read and copy any materials that we file with the SEC at the SEC’s Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, NE, Washington, DC 20549.  The public may obtain information on the operation of the Public Reference Room by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330.  Also, the SEC maintains an Internet website that contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding issuers, including us, that file electronically with the SEC.  The public can obtain any documents that we file with the SEC at www.sec.gov.
 
In addition, our company website can be found on the Internet at www.gencoshipping.com. The website contains information about us and our operations.  Copies of each of our filings with the SEC on Form 10-K, Form 10-Q and Form 8-K, and all amendments to those reports, can be viewed and downloaded free of after the reports and amendments are electronically filed with or furnished to the SEC.  To view the reports, access www.gencoshipping.com, click on Investor, then SEC Filings.
 
Any of the above documents can also be obtained in print by any shareholder upon request to our Investor Relations Department at the following address:
 
Corporate Investor Relations
Genco Shipping & Trading Limited
299 Park Avenue, 20th Floor
New York, NY 10171
 
BUSINESS STRATEGY
 
Our strategy is to manage and expand our fleet in a manner that maximizes our cash flows from operations.  To accomplish this objective, we intend to:
 
        ·
Strategically expand the size of our fleet - We intend to acquire additional modern, high-quality
 
 
 
4

 
 
drybulk carriers through timely and selective acquisitions of vessels in a manner that is accretive to our cash flows.  We expect to fund acquisitions of additional vessels using cash reserves set aside for this purpose and additional borrowings.
 
        ·
Continue to operate a high-quality fleet - We intend to maintain a modern, high-quality fleet that meets or exceeds stringent industry standards and complies with charterer requirements through our technical managers’ rigorous and comprehensive maintenance program.  In addition, our technical managers maintain the quality of our vessels by carrying out regular inspections, both while in port and at sea.

        ·
Pursue an appropriate balance of time and spot charters - Twenty-nine of our 32 vessels are under time charters with an average remaining life of approximately 16.6 months as of December 31, 2008.  These charters provide us with relatively stable revenues and a high fleet utilization.  We may in the future pursue other market opportunities for our vessels to capitalize on market conditions, including arranging longer or shorter charter periods and entering into short-term time charters, voyage charters and use of vessel pools.

        ·
Maintain low-cost, highly efficient operations – During the year ended December 31, 2008, we outsourced technical management of our fleet, primarily to Wallem Shipmanagement Limited (“Wallem”), Anglo-Eastern Group (“Anglo”), and Barber International Ltd. (“Barber”), third-party independent technical managers, at a cost we believe is lower than what we could achieve by performing the function in-house.  During 2009, we expect to limit our technical managers to Wallem and Anglo to utilize more cost efficient crews.  Our management team actively monitors and controls vessel operating expenses incurred by the independent technical managers by overseeing their activities.  Finally, we seek to maintain low-cost, highly efficient operations by capitalizing on the cost savings and economies of scale that result from operating sister ships.

        ·
Capitalize on our management team's reputation - We will continue to capitalize on our management team's reputation for high standards of performance, reliability and safety, and maintain strong relationships with major international charterers, many of whom consider the reputation of a vessel owner and operator when entering into time charters.  We believe that our management team's track record improves our relationships with high quality shipyards and financial institutions, many of which consider reputation to be an indicator of creditworthiness.

OUR FLEET

Our fleet consists of six Capesize, eight Panamax, four Supramax, six Handymax and eight Handysize drybulk carriers, with an aggregate carrying capacity of approximately 2,396,500 dwt.  As of December 31, 2008, the average age of the vessels currently in our fleet was approximately 6.5 years, as compared to the average age for the world fleet of approximately 15 years for the drybulk shipping segments in which we compete.  All of the vessels in our fleet were built in Japanese, Korean, Philippine or Chinese shipyards with reputations for constructing high-quality vessels.  The table below summarizes the characteristics of our vessels:
 
 
 
 
 
5






Vessel
 
 
 
Class
 
 
 
Dwt
 
 
 
Year Built
       
Genco Augustus
Capesize
180,151
2007
Genco Constantine
Capesize
180,183
2008
Genco Hadrian
Capesize
169,694
2008
Genco London
Capesize
177,833
2007
Genco Tiberius
Capesize
175,874
2007
Genco Titus
Capesize
177,729
2007
Genco Acheron
Panamax
72,495
1999
Genco Beauty
Panamax
73,941
1999
Genco Knight
Panamax
73,941
1999
Genco Leader
Panamax
73,941
1999
Genco Raptor
Panamax
76,499
2007
Genco Surprise
Panamax
72,495
1998
Genco Thunder
Panamax
76,588
2007
Genco Vigour
Panamax
73,941
1999
Genco Cavalier
Supramax
53,616
2007
Genco Hunter
Supramax
58,729
2007
Genco Predator
Supramax
55,407
2005
Genco Warrior
Supramax
55,435
2005
Genco Carrier
Handymax
47,180
1998
Genco Marine
Handymax
45,222
1996
Genco Muse
Handymax
48,913
2001
Genco Prosperity
Handymax
47,180
1997
Genco Success
Handymax
47,186
1997
Genco Wisdom
Handymax
47,180
1997
Genco Challenger
Handysize
28,428
2003
Genco Champion
Handysize
28,445
2006
Genco Charger
Handysize
28,398
2005
Genco Explorer
Handysize
29,952
1999
Genco Pioneer
Handysize
29,952
1999
Genco Progress
Handysize
29,952
1999
Genco Reliance
Handysize
29,952
1999
Genco Sugar
Handysize
29,952
1998

On February 8, 2009, while the Genco Cavalier was at safe anchorage in Singapore, it was involved in a minor collision caused by another vessel in its vicinity. No injuries or pollution from either vessel have been reported, but we expect the vessel will incur approximately 14 days of offhire for repairs arising from the event. The Company is in the process of filing a claim for the full amount of the damages as well as any offhire time related to the collision against the other vessel’s owner.

FLEET MANAGEMENT

Our management team and other employees are responsible for the commercial and strategic management of our fleet.  Commercial management involves negotiating charters for vessels, managing the mix of various types of charters, such as time charters and voyage charters, and monitoring the performance of our vessels under their charters.  Strategic management involves locating, purchasing, financing and selling vessels.
 
 
 
6


We utilize the services of reputable independent technical managers for the technical management of our fleet.  We currently contract with Wallem, Anglo, and Barber, independent technical managers, for our technical management.  During 2009, we expect to limit our technical managers to Wallem and Anglo due to their access to more cost effective crews.   Technical management involves the day-to-day management of vessels, including performing routine maintenance, attending to vessel operations and arranging for crews and supplies.  Members of our New York City-based management team oversee the activities of our independent technical managers.  The head of our technical management team has over 30 years of experience in the shipping industry.

Wallem, founded in 1971, Anglo, founded in 1974, and Barber, a subsidiary of Wilhelmsen Group which was founded in 1861, are among the largest ship management companies in the world.  These technical managers are known worldwide for their agency networks, covering all major ports in China, Hong Kong, Japan, Vietnam, Taiwan, Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, the Philippines and Singapore.  These technical managers provide services to over 1,000 vessels of all types, including Capesize, Panamax, Supramax, Handymax and Handysize drybulk carriers that meet strict quality standards.

Under our technical management agreements, our technical manager is obligated to:

·  
provide personnel to supervise the maintenance and general efficiency of our vessels;

           
arrange and supervise the maintenance of our vessels to our standards to assure that our vessels comply with applicable national and international regulations and the requirements of our vessels' classification societies;

·  
select and train the crews for our vessels, including assuring that the crews have the correct certificates for the types of vessels on which they serve;

·  
check the compliance of the crews' licenses with the regulations of the vessels' flag states and the International Maritime Organization, or IMO;

·  
arrange the supply of spares and stores for our vessels; and

·  
report expense transactions to us, and make its procurement and accounting systems available to us.

OUR CHARTERS

As of February 26, 2009, we employed 29 of our 32 drybulk carriers under time charters.  A time charter involves the hiring of a vessel from its owner for a period of time pursuant to a contract under which the vessel owner places its ship (including its crew and equipment) at the disposal of the charterer.  Under a time charter, the charterer periodically pays a fixed daily charterhire rate to the owner of the vessel and bears all voyage expenses, including the cost of bunkers (“fuel”), port expenses, agents’ fees and canal dues.  Three of our vessels, the Genco Constantine, Genco Titus and Genco Hadrian, are chartered under time charters which include a profit-sharing element.  Under these charter agreements, the Company receive a fixed rate of $52,750, $45,000 and $65,000 per day, respectively, and an additional profit-sharing payment.  The profit-sharing between the Company and the respective charterer for each 15-day period is calculated by taking the average over that period of the published Baltic Cape Index of the four time charter routes as reflected in daily reports.  If such average is more than the base rate payable under the charter, the excess amount is allocable 50% to the Company and 50% to the charterer.  A commission of 3.75% based on the profit sharing amount due to the Company is incurred out of the Company’s share.  Due to the existing drybulk rates, the Company is currently not recognizing any profit sharing on these charter agreements.

Subject to any restrictions in the contract, the charterer determines the type and quantity of cargo to be carried and
 
 
 
7

 
 
the ports of loading and discharging.  Our vessels operate worldwide within the trading limits imposed by our insurance terms.  The technical operation and navigation of the vessel at all times remains the responsibility of the vessel owner, which is generally responsible for the vessel's operating expenses, including the cost of crewing, insuring, repairing and maintaining the vessel, costs of spares and consumable stores, tonnage taxes and other miscellaneous expenses.

Each of our current time charters expires within a range of dates (for example, a minimum of 11 and maximum of 13 months following delivery), with the exact end of the time charter left unspecified to account for the uncertainty of when a vessel will complete its final voyage under the time charter.  The charterer may extend the charter period by any time that the vessel is off-hire.  If a vessel remains off-hire for more than 30 consecutive days, the time charter may be cancelled at the charterer's option.

In connection with the charter of each of our vessels, we incur commissions ranging from 1.25% to 6.25% of the total daily charterhire rate of each charter to third parties, depending on the number of brokers involved with arranging the relevant charter.

Two of our drybulk carriers, the Genco Leader and Genco Thunder, are currently in the Baumarine Panamax Pool, and the Genco Predator is in the Bulkhandling Handymax Pool.  We believe that vessel pools provide cost-effective commercial management activities for a group of similar class vessels.  The pool arrangement provides the benefits of a large-scale operation and chartering efficiencies that might not be available to smaller fleets.  Under the pool arrangement, the vessels operate under a time charter agreement whereby the cost of bunkers and port expenses are borne by the charterer and operating costs including crews, maintenance and insurance are typically paid by the owner of the vessel.  Since the members of the pool share in the revenue generated by the entire group of vessels in the pool, and the pool operates in the spot market, the revenue earned by these three vessels is subject to the fluctuations of the spot market.

We monitor developments in the drybulk shipping industry on a regular basis and strategically adjust the charterhire periods for our vessels according to market conditions as they become available for charter.

The Genco Cavalier, a 2007-built Supramax vessel, was on charter to Samsun Logix Corporation (“Samsun”), which the Company understands has filed for the equivalent of bankruptcy protection in South Korea, otherwise referred to as a rehabilitation application. Charter hire for the Genco Cavalier has been received up until January 30, 2009. The Company is expecting the decision of the South Korean courts regarding the acceptance or rejection of the rehabilitation application to be made on or about March 6, 2009. The Company has commenced arbitration proceedings in the United Kingdom for damages related to non-performance of Samsun under the time charter agreement. As a result of the non-payment of hire, the Company may seek to withdraw the vessel from this contract. The Company accelerated the amortization of the intangible liability of $0.9 million for the value assigned to the below-market time charter rate at the time Genco acquired the vessel into income for the year ended December 31, 2008. Also, on February 8, 2009, while the vessel was at safe anchorage in Singapore, it was involved in a minor collision caused by another vessel in its vicinity. No injuries or pollution from either vessel have been reported, but we expect the vessel will incur approximately 14 days of offhire for repairs arising from the event. The Company is in the process of filing a claim for the full amount of the damages as well as any offhire time related to the collision against the other vessel’s owner.

The following table sets forth information about the current employment of the vessels currently in our fleet as of February 26, 2009:

Vessel
Year
Built
Charterer
Charter Expiration (1)
Cash Daily
Rate (2)
Revenue Daily Rate (3)
Expected Delivery (4)
             
Capesize Vessels
           
Genco Augustus
2007
Cargill International S.A.
December 2009
    45,263
62,750
-
Genco Tiberius
2007
Cargill International S.A.
January 2010
    45,263
62,750
-
 
 
 
 
 
 
8

 
 
 
Genco London
2007
SK Shipping Co., Ltd
August 2010
    57,500
64,250
-
Genco Titus
2007
Cargill International S.A.
September 2011
    45,000(5)
46,250
-
Genco Constantine
2008
Cargill International S.A.
August 2012
    52,750(5)
 
-
Genco Hadrian
2008
Cargill International S.A.
October 2012
    65,000(5)
 
-
Genco Commodus
2009(6)
To be determined (“TBD”)
TBD
  TBD
 
Q2 2009
Genco Maximus
2009(6)
TBD
TBD
  TBD
 
Q2 2009
Genco Claudius
2009(6)
TBD
TBD
  TBD
 
Q3 2009
             
Panamax Vessels
           
Genco Beauty
1999
Cargill International S.A.
May 2009
    31,500
 
-
Genco Knight
1999
SK Shipping Ltd.
May 2009
    37,700
 
-
Genco Leader
  1999
Baumarine AS
November 2009
    Spot(7)
 
-
Genco Vigour
  1999
STX Panocean (UK) Co. Ltd.
March 2009
    29,000(8)
 
-
Genco Acheron
  1999
Global Chartering Ltd
(a subsidiary of ArcelorMittal Group)
July 2011
    55,250
 
-
Genco Surprise
  1998
Hanjin Shipping Co., Ltd.
December 2010
    42,100
 
-
Genco Raptor
  2007
COSCO Bulk Carriers Co., Ltd.
April 2012
    52,800
 
-
Genco Thunder
  2007
Baumarine AS
October 2009
    Spot(9)
 
-
             
Supramax Vessels
           
Genco Predator
  2005
Bulkhandling Handymax A/S
September 2009
      Spot(10)
   
Genco Warrior
  2005
Hyundai Merchant Marine Co. Ltd.
November 2010
    38,750
 
-
Genco Hunter
  2007
Pacific Basin Chartering Ltd.
June 2009
    62,000
 
-
Genco Cavalier
  2007
Samsun Logix Corporation
July 2010
  48,500(11)
 
-
             
Handymax Vessels
           
Genco Success
  1997
Korea Line Corporation
February 2011
33,000(12)
 
-
Genco Carrier
  1998
Louis Dreyfus Corporation
March 2011
    37,000
 
-
Genco Prosperity
  1997
Pacific Basin Chartering Ltd
June 2011
    37,000
 
-
Genco Wisdom
  1997
Hyundai Merchant Marine Co. Ltd.
February 2011
    34,500
 
-
Genco Marine
  1996
NYK Bulkship Atlantic N.V.
March 2009
    47,000
 
-
Genco Muse
  2001
 Global Maritime Investments Ltd.
May 2009
    6,500(13)
   
             
Handysize Vessels
           
Genco Explorer
   1999  
Lauritzen Bulkers A/S
August 2009
    19,500
 
-
Genco Pioneer
    1999   
Lauritzen Bulkers A/S
August 2009
    19,500
 
-
Genco Progress
    1999   
Lauritzen Bulkers A/S
August 2009
    19,500
 
-
Genco Reliance
    1999   
Lauritzen Bulkers A/S
August 2009
    19,500
 
-
Genco Sugar
    1998   
Lauritzen Bulkers A/S
August 2009
    19,500
 
-
Genco Charger
    2005   
Pacific Basin Chartering Ltd.
November 2010
    24,000
 
-
Genco Challenger
    2003   
Pacific Basin Chartering Ltd.
November 2010
    24,000
 
-
Genco Champion
    2006   
Pacific Basin Chartering Ltd.
December 2010
    24,000
 
-
 
 
 
 
 
9

 
 
(1)
The charter expiration dates presented represent the earliest dates that our charters may be terminated in the ordinary course.  Except for the Genco Titus, Genco Constantine and Genco Hadrian, under the terms of each contract, the charterer is entitled to extend time charters from two to four months in order to complete the vessel's final voyage plus any time the vessel has been off-hire.  Thecharterer of the Genco Constantine has the option to extend the charter for a period of eight months.
 
(2)   
Time charter rates presented are the gross daily charterhire rates before third-party commissions ranging from 1.25% to 6.25%, except as indicated for the Genco Leader in note 7 below.  In a time charter, the charterer is responsible for voyage expenses such as bunkers, port expenses, agents’ fees and canal dues.
 
(3)
For the vessels acquired with a below-market time charter rate, the approximate amount of revenue on a daily basis to be recognized as revenues is displayed in the column named “Net Revenue Daily Rate” and is net of any third-party commissions.  Since these vessels were acquired with existing time charters with below-market rates, we allocated the purchase price between the respective vessel and an intangible liability for the value assigned to the below-market charterhire. This intangible liability is amortized as an increase to voyage revenues over the minimum remaining term of the charter. For cash flow purposes, we will continue to receive the rate presented in the “Cash Daily Rate” column until the charter expires .
 
(4)
Dates for vessels being delivered in the future are estimates based on guidance received from the sellers and/or the respective shipyards.
 
(5)
These charters include a 50% index-based profit sharing component above the respective base rates listed in the table.  The profit sharing between the charterer and us for each 15-day period is calculated by taking the average over that period of the published Baltic Cape Index of the four time charter routes, as reflected in daily reports.  If such average is more than the base rate payable under the charter, the excess amount is allocable 50% to each of the charterer and us.  A third-party brokerage commission of 3.75% based on the profit sharing amount due to us is payable out of our share.
 
(6)
Year built for vessels being delivered in the future are estimates based on guidance received from the sellers and/or the respective shipyards.
 
(7)
We entered the vessel into the Baumarine Pool with an option to convert the balance period of the charter party to a fixed rate, but only after June 1, 2009. The vessel entered the pool following the completion of its previous time charter on December 16, 2008.  In addition to a 1.25% third-party brokerage commission, the charter party calls for a management fee which consists of a 1.25% deduction.
 
(8)
We have entered into a time charter for 23 to 25 months at a rate of $33,000 per day for the first 11 months, $25,000 per day for the following 11 months and $29,000 per day thereafter, less a 5% third-party commission.  For purposes of revenue recognition, the time charter contract is reflected on a straight-line basis at approximately $29,000 per day for 23 to 25 months, in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States, or U.S. GAAP.
 
(9)
We entered the vessel into the Baumarine Pool with an option to convert the balance period of the charter party to a fixed rate, but only after March 1, 2009. The vessel entered the pool following the completion of its previous time charter on November 16, 2008.  In addition to a 1.25% third-party brokerage commission, the charter party calls for a management fee which consists of a 1.25% deduction.
 
(10)
We entered this vessel into the Bulkhandling Handymax Pool with an option to convert the balance period of the charter party to a fixed rate.
 
(11)
The time charter for this vessel commenced on July 19, 2008. In completing the negotiation of certain changes we required for novation of the existing charter, we agreed to reduce the daily gross rate and received a rebate from the brokers involved in the vessel sale. The Company understands that Samsun Logix Corporation (“Samsun”) has filed for the equivalent of bankruptcy protection in South Korea, otherwise referred to as a rehabilitation application. The Company is expecting the decision of the South Korean courts regarding the acceptance or rejection of Samsun’s rehabilitation application to be made on or about March 6, 2009.  Genco has commenced arbitration proceedings in the United Kingdom for any damages going forward. As a result of the non-payment of hire, the Company may seek to withdraw the vessel from this contract.
 
(12)
We extended the time charter for an additional 35 to 37.5 months at a rate of $40,000 per day for the first 12 months, $33,000 per day for the following 12 months, $26,000 per day for the next 12 months and $33,000 per day thereafter less a 5% third-party commission.  In all cases, the rate for the duration of the time charter will average $33,000 per day.  For purposes of revenue recognition, the time charter contract is reflected on a straight-line basis at approximately $33,000 per day for 35 to 37.5 months, in accordance with U.S. GAAP.
 
(13)
We have entered into a time charter agreement for 3.5 to six months at a rate of $6,500 per day less a 5% third-party commission.  The vessel commenced this contract following the completion of the previous time charter on February 8, 2009.
 
CLASSIFICATION AND INSPECTION
 
All of our vessels have been certified as being “in class” by the American Bureau of Shipping (“ABS”), Bureau Veritas (“BV”), Nippon Kaiji Kyokai (“NK”), Det Norske Veritas (“DNV”) or Lloyd’s Register of Shipping
 
 
 
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(“Lloyd’s”).  Each of these classification societies is a member of the International Association of Classification Societies.  Every commercial vessel’s hull and machinery is evaluated by a classification society authorized by its country of registry.  The classification society certifies that the vessel has been built and maintained in accordance with the rules of the classification society and complies with applicable rules and regulations of the vessel’s country of registry and the international conventions of which that country is a member.  Each vessel is inspected by a surveyor of the classification society in three surveys of varying frequency and thoroughness: every year for the annual survey, every two to three years for the intermediate survey and every four to five years for special surveys.  Special surveys always require drydocking.  Vessels that are 15 years old or older are required, as part of the intermediate survey process, to be drydocked every 24 to 30 months for inspection of the underwater portions of the vessel and for necessary repairs stemming from the inspection.

In addition to the classification inspections, many of our customers regularly inspect our vessels as a precondition to chartering them for voyages.  We believe that our well-maintained, high-quality vessels provide us with a competitive advantage in the current environment of increasing regulation and customer emphasis on quality.

We have implemented the International Safety Management Code, which was promulgated by the International Maritime Organization, or IMO (the United Nations agency for maritime safety and the prevention of marine pollution by ships), to establish pollution prevention requirements applicable to vessels.  We obtained documents of compliance for our offices and safety management certificates for all of our vessels for which the certificates are required by the IMO.

CREWING AND EMPLOYEES

Each of our vessels is crewed with 20 to 23 officers and seamen.  Our technical managers are responsible for locating and retaining qualified officers for our vessels.  The crewing agencies handle each seaman's training, travel and payroll, and ensure that all the seamen on our vessels have the qualifications and licenses required to comply with international regulations and shipping conventions.  We typically man our vessels with more crew members than are required by the country of the vessel's flag in order to allow for the performance of routine maintenance duties.

As of February 11, 2009, we employed 21 shore-based personnel and approximately 680 seagoing personnel on our vessels.

CUSTOMERS

Our assessment of a charterer's financial condition and reliability is an important factor in negotiating employment for our vessels.  We generally charter our vessels to major trading houses (including commodities traders), major producers and government-owned entities rather than to more speculative or undercapitalized entities.  Our customers include national, regional and international companies, such as Lauritzen Bulkers, Cargill, NYK Europe, Pacbasin, STX, Cosco, and HMMC. For 2008, two of our charterers, Pacbasin and Cargill accounted for more than 10% of our revenues. Genco is currently actively exploring its options to collect amounts due to the Company from Samsun Logix Corporation, which the Company understands has filed for the equivalent of bankruptcy protection in South Korea, otherwise referred to as a rehabilitation application. See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis” on page 44 for further details.

COMPETITION

Our business fluctuates in line with the main patterns of trade of the major drybulk cargoes and varies according to changes in the supply and demand for these items.  We operate in markets that are highly competitive and based primarily on supply and demand.  We compete for charters on the basis of price, vessel location and size, age and condition of the vessel, as well as on our reputation as an owner and operator.  We compete with other owners of drybulk carriers in the Capesize, Panamax, Supramax, Handymax and Handysize class sectors, some of whom may also charter our vessels as customers.  Ownership of drybulk carriers is highly fragmented and is divided among approximately
 
 
 
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1,300 independent drybulk carrier owners.

PERMITS AND AUTHORIZATIONS

We are required by various governmental and quasi-governmental agencies to obtain certain permits, licenses, certificates and other authorizations with respect to our vessels.  The kinds of permits, licenses, certificates and other authorizations required for each vessel depend upon several factors, including the commodity transported, the waters in which the vessel operates, the nationality of the vessel’s crew and the age of the vessel.  We believe that we have all material permits, licenses, certificates and other authorizations necessary for the conduct of our operations.  However, additional laws and regulations, environmental or otherwise, may be adopted which could limit our ability to do business or increase the cost of our doing business.

INSURANCE

General

The operation of any drybulk vessel includes risks such as mechanical failure, collision, property loss, cargo loss or damage and business interruption due to political circumstances in foreign countries, piracy, hostilities and labor strikes.  In addition, there is always an inherent possibility of marine disaster, including oil spills and other environmental mishaps, and the liabilities arising from owning and operating vessels in international trade.  The U.S. Oil Pollution Act of 1990, or OPA, which imposes virtually unlimited liability upon owners, operators and demise charterers of vessels trading in the U.S.-exclusive economic zone for certain oil pollution accidents in the United States, has made liability insurance more expensive for ship owners and operators trading in the U.S. market.

While we maintain hull and machinery insurance, war risks insurance, protection and indemnity cover, and freight, demurrage and defense cover and loss of hire insurance for our fleet in amounts that we believe to be prudent to cover normal risks in our operations, we may not be able to achieve or maintain this level of coverage throughout a vessel's useful life.  Furthermore, while we believe that our present insurance coverage is adequate, not all risks can be insured, and there can be no guarantee that any specific claim will be paid, or that we will always be able to obtain adequate insurance coverage at reasonable rates.

Hull and Machinery, War Risks, Kidnap and Ransom Insurance

We maintain marine hull and machinery, war risks and kidnap and ransom insurance which cover the risk of actual or constructive total loss, for all of our vessels.  Our vessels are each covered up to at least fair market value with deductibles of $67,313 per vessel per incident for our Handysize vessels, $83,125 per vessel per incident for our Panamax, Supramax and Handymax vessels and $133,125 per vessel per incident for our Capesize vessels.  The Company is covered for up to $3.0 million per vessel per incident to have the crew released in the case of kidnapping due to piracy in the Gulf of Aden / Somalia.

Protection and Indemnity Insurance

Protection and indemnity insurance is provided by mutual protection and indemnity associations, or P&I Associations, which insure our third-party liabilities in connection with our shipping activities.  This includes third-party liability and other related expenses resulting from the injury or death of crew, passengers and other third parties, the loss or damage to cargo, claims arising from collisions with other vessels, damage to other third-party property, pollution arising from oil or other substances and salvage, towing and other related costs, including wreck removal.  Protection and indemnity insurance is a form of mutual indemnity insurance, extended by protection and indemnity mutual associations, or "clubs." Subject to the "capping" discussed below, our coverage, except for pollution, is unlimited.

Our current protection and indemnity insurance coverage for pollution is $1 billion per vessel per incident.  The 13 P&I Associations that comprise the International Group insure approximately 90% of the world's commercial
 
 
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tonnage and have entered into a pooling agreement to reinsure each association's liabilities.  As a member of a P&I Association, which is a member of the International Group, we are subject to calls payable to the associations based on the group's claim records as well as the claim records of all other members of the individual associations and members of the pool of P&I Associations comprising the International Group.

Loss of Hire Insurance

We maintain loss of hire insurance, which covers business interruptions and related losses that result from the loss of use of a vessel.  Our loss of hire insurance has a 14-day deductible and provides claim coverage for up to 90 days.  Loss of hire insurance for piracy in the Gulf of Aden / Somalia has a 20-day deductible and provides claim coverage for up to 50 days.

ENVIRONMENTAL AND OTHER REGULATION

Government regulation significantly affects the ownership and operation of our vessels.  We are subject to international conventions and treaties, national, state and local laws and regulations in force in the countries in which our vessels may operate or are registered relating to safety and health and environmental protection including the storage, handling, emission, transportation and discharge of hazardous and non-hazardous materials, and the remediation of contamination and liability for damage to natural resources.  Compliance with such laws, regulations and other requirements entails significant expense, including vessel modifications and implementation of certain operating procedures.

A variety of governmental and private entities subject our vessels to both scheduled and unscheduled inspections.  These entities include the local port authorities, (applicable national authorities such as the U.S. Coast Guard and harbor masters), classification societies, flag state administrations (countries of registry) and charterers.  Some of these entities require us to obtain permits, licenses, certificates and other authorizations for the operation of our vessels.  Our failure to maintain necessary permits, certificates or approvals could require us to incur substantial costs or temporarily suspend the operation of one or more of our vessels.

In recent periods, heightened levels of environmental and operational safety concerns among insurance underwriters, regulators and charterers have led to greater inspection and safety requirements on all vessels and may accelerate the scrapping of older vessels throughout the drybulk shipping industry.  Increasing environmental concerns have created a demand for vessels that conform to the stricter environmental standards.  We believe that the operation of our vessels is in substantial compliance with applicable environmental laws and regulations and that our vessels have all material permits, licenses, certificates or other authorizations necessary for the conduct of our operations.  However, because such laws and regulations are frequently changed and may impose increasingly stricter requirements, we cannot predict the ultimate cost of complying with these requirements, or the impact of these requirements on the resale value or useful lives of our vessels.  In addition, a future serious marine incident that results in significant oil pollution or otherwise causes significant adverse environmental impact could result in additional legislation or regulation that could negatively affect our profitability.

International Maritime Organization (IMO)

The IMO, the United Nations agency for maritime safety and the prevention of pollution by ships, has adopted the International Convention for the Prevention of Marine Pollution, 1973, as modified by the related Protocol of 1978 relating thereto, which has been updated through various amendments, or the MARPOL Convention.  The MARPOL Convention establishes environmental standards relating to oil leakage or spilling, garbage management, sewage, air emissions, handling and disposal of noxious liquids and the handling of harmful substances in packaged forms.  The IMO adopted regulations that set forth pollution prevention requirements applicable to drybulk carriers.  These regulations have been adopted by over 150 nations, including many of the jurisdictions in which our vessels operate.
 
 
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In September 1997, the IMO adopted Annex VI to the MARPOL Convention, Regulations for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships, to address air pollution from ships.  Effective May 2005, Annex VI sets limits on sulfur oxide and nitrogen oxide emissions from all commercial vessel exhausts and prohibits deliberate emissions of ozone depleting substances (such as halons and chlorofluorocarbons), emissions of volatile organic compounds from cargo tanks, and the shipboard incineration of specific substances.  Annex VI also includes a global cap on the sulfur content of fuel oil and allows for special areas to be established with more stringent controls on sulfur emissions.  We believe that all our vessels are currently compliant in all material respects with these regulations.  Additional or new conventions, laws and regulations may be adopted that could require the installation of expensive emission control systems and could adversely affect our business, results of operations, cash flows and financial condition.  In October 2008, the IMO adopted amendments to Annex VI regarding nitrogen oxide and sulfur oxide emissions standards which are expected to enter into force on July 1, 2010.  The amended Annex VI would reduce air pollution from vessels by, among other things, (i) implementing a progressive reduction of sulfur oxide, emissions from ships, with the global sulfur cap reduced initially to 3.50% (from the current cap of 4.50%), effective from January 1, 2012, then progressively to 0.50%, effective from January 1, 2020, subject to a feasibility review to be completed no later than 2018; and (ii) establishing new tiers of stringent nitrogen oxide emissions standards for new marine engines, depending on their date of installation.  Once these amendments become effective, we may incur costs to comply with these revised standards.

Safety Management System Requirements

IMO also adopted the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, or SOLAS and the International Convention on Load Lines, or the LL Convention, which impose a variety of standards that regulate the design and operational features of ships.  The IMO periodically revises the SOLAS Convention and LL Convention standards.  We believe that all our vessels are in material compliance with SOLAS and LL Convention standards.

Under Chapter IX of SOLAS, the International Safety Management Code for the Safe Operation of Ships and for Pollution Prevention, or ISM Code, our operations are also subject to environmental standards and requirements contained in the ISM Code promulgated by the IMO.  The ISM Code requires the party with operational control of a vessel to develop an extensive safety management system that includes, among other things, the adoption of a safety and environmental protection policy setting forth instructions and procedures for operating its vessels safely and describing procedures for responding to emergencies.  We rely upon the safety management system that we and our technical manager have developed for compliance with the ISM Code.  The failure of a ship owner or bareboat charterer to comply with the ISM Code may subject such party to increased liability, may decrease available insurance coverage for the affected vessels and may result in a denial of access to, or detention in, certain ports.  As of the date of this filing, each of our vessels is ISM code-certified.

The ISM Code requires that vessel operators also obtain a safety management certificate for each vessel they operate.  This certificate evidences compliance by a vessel’s management with code requirements for a safety management system.  No vessel can obtain a certificate unless its manager has been awarded a document of compliance, issued by each flag state, under the ISM Code.  We believe that we have all material requisite documents of compliance for our offices and safety management certificates for all of our vessels for which the certificates are required by the IMO.  We review these documents of compliance and safety management certificates annually.

Pollution Control and Liability Requirements

IMO has negotiated international conventions that impose liability for oil pollution in international waters and the territorial waters of the signatory to such conventions.  For example, IMO adopted an International Convention for the Control and Management of Ships’ Ballast Water and Sediments, or the BWM Convention, in February 2004.  The BWM Convention’s implementing regulations call for a phased introduction of mandatory ballast water exchange requirements (beginning in 2009), to be replaced in time with mandatory concentration limits.  The BWM Convention will not become effective until 12 months after it has been adopted by 30 states, the combined merchant fleets of which represent not less than 35% of the gross tonnage of the world’s merchant shipping.  To date, there has not been sufficient
 
 
 
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 adoption of this standard for it to take force.

Although the United States is not a party to these conventions, many countries have ratified and follow the liability plan adopted by the IMO and set out in the International Convention on Civil Liability for Oil Pollution Damage of 1969, as amended in 2000, or the CLC.  Under this convention and depending on whether the country in which the damage results is a party to the 1992 Protocol to the CLC, a vessel’s registered owner is strictly liable for pollution damage caused in the territorial waters of a contracting state by discharge of persistent oil, subject to certain defenses.  The limits on liability outlined in the 1992 Protocol use the International Monetary Fund currency unit of Special Drawing Rights, or SDR.  Under an amendment to the 1992 Protocol that became effective on November 1, 2003, for vessels between 5,000 and 140,000 gross tons (a unit of measurement for the total enclosed spaces within a vessel), liability is limited to approximately 4.51 million SDR plus 631 SDR for each additional gross ton over 5,000.  For vessels of over 140,000 gross tons, liability is limited to 89.77 million SDR.  The exchange rate between SDRs and dollars was 0.675914 SDR per dollar on February 24, 2009.  As the convention calculates liability in terms of a basket of currencies, these figures are based on currency exchange rates on February 24, 2009.  The right to limit liability is forfeited under the CLC where the spill is caused by the shipowner’s actual fault and under the 1992 Protocol where the spill is caused by the shipowner’s intentional or reckless conduct.  Vessels trading with states that are parties to these conventions must provide evidence of insurance covering the liability of the owner.  In jurisdictions where the CLC has not been adopted, various legislative schemes or common law govern, and liability is imposed either on the basis of fault or in a manner similar to that of the CLC.  We believe that our protection and indemnity insurance covers the liability under the plan adopted by the IMO.

In March 2006, the IMO amended Annex I to MARPOL, including a new regulation relating to oil fuel tank protection, which became effective August 1, 2007.  The new regulation will apply to various ships delivered on or after August 1, 2010.  It includes requirements for the protected location of the fuel tanks, performance standards for accidental oil fuel outflow, a tank capacity limit and certain other maintenance, inspection and engineering standards.

The IMO adopted the International Convention on Civil Liability for Bunker Oil Pollution Damage, or the Bunker Convention, to impose strict liability on ship owners for pollution damage in jurisdictional waters of ratifying states caused by discharges of bunker fuel.  The Bunker Convention, which became effective on November 21, 2008, requires registered owners of ships over 1,000 gross tons to maintain insurance for pollution damage in an amount equal to the limits of liability under the applicable national or international limitation regime (but not exceeding the amount calculated in accordance with the Convention on Limitation of Liability for Maritime Claims of 1976, as amended).  With respect to non-ratifying states, liability for spills or releases of oil carried as fuel in ship’s bunkers typically is determined by the national or other domestic laws in the jurisdiction where the events or damages occur.

IMO regulations also require owners and operators of vessels to adopt Ship Oil Pollution Emergency Plans.  Periodic training and drills for response personnel and for vessels and their crews are required.  Additionally, in U.S. waters, vessels are required to comply with the U.S. Coast Guard requirement of having an approved Non-Tanker Vessel Response Plan (“NTVRP”) and we believe that we are in compliance with this requirement.
 
Anti-Fouling Requirements

In 2001, the IMO adopted the International Convention on the Control of Harmful Anti-fouling Systems on Ships, or the Anti-fouling Convention.  The Anti-fouling Convention prohibits the use of organotin compound coatings to prevent the attachment of mollusks and other sea life to the hulls of vessels after September 1, 2003.  The exteriors of vessels constructed prior to January 1, 2003 that have not been in dry-dock must, as of September 17, 2008, either not contain the prohibited compounds or have coatings applied to the vessel exterior that act as a barrier to the leaching of the prohibited compounds.  Vessels of over 400 gross tons engaged in international voyages must obtain an International Anti-fouling System Certificate and undergo a survey before the vessel is put into service or when the antifouling systems are altered or replaced.  We have obtained Anti-Fouling System Certificates for all of our vessels that are subject to the Anti-Fouling Convention.
 
 
 
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Compliance Enforcement

The flag state, as defined by the United Nations Convention on Law of the Sea, has overall responsibility for the implementation and enforcement of international maritime regulations for all ships granted the right to fly its flag.  The “Shipping Industry Guidelines on Flag State Performance” evaluates flag states based on factors such as sufficiency of infrastructure, ratification of international maritime treaties, implementation and enforcement of international maritime regulations, supervision of surveys, casualty investigations and participation at IMO meetings.  Our vessels are flagged in the Marshall Islands.  Marshall Islands-flagged vessels have historically received a good assessment in the shipping industry.  We recognize the importance of a credible flag state and do not intend to use flags of convenience or flag states with poor performance indicators.

Noncompliance with the ISM Code or other IMO regulations may subject the shipowner or bareboat charterer to increased liability, may lead to decreases in available insurance coverage for affected vessels and may result in the denial of access to, or detention in, some ports.  The U.S. Coast Guard and European Union authorities have indicated that vessels not in compliance with the ISM Code by the applicable deadlines will be prohibited from trading in U.S. and European Union ports, respectively.  As of the date of this report, each of our vessels is ISM Code certified.  However, there can be no assurance that such certificate will be maintained.

The IMO continues to review and introduce new regulations.  It is impossible to predict what additional regulations, if any, may be passed by the IMO and what effect, if any, such regulations might have on our operations.

The U.S. Oil Pollution Act of 1990 and Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act

The U.S. Oil Pollution Act of 1990, or OPA, established an extensive regulatory and liability regime for the protection and cleanup of the environment from oil spills.  OPA affects all owners and operators whose vessels trade in the United States, its territories and possessions or whose vessels operate in United States waters, which includes the United States’ territorial sea and its two hundred nautical mile exclusive economic zone.  The United States has also enacted the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act, or CERCLA, which applies to the discharge of hazardous substances other than oil, whether on land or at sea.  Both OPA and CERCLA impact our operations.

Under OPA, vessel owners, operators and bareboat charterers are "responsible parties" and are jointly, severally and strictly liable (unless the spill results solely from the act or omission of a third party, an act of God or an act of war) for all containment and clean-up costs and other damages arising from discharges or threatened discharges of oil from their vessels.  OPA defines these other damages broadly to include:

·  
natural resources damage and the costs of assessment thereof;

·  
real and personal property damage;

·  
net loss of taxes, royalties, rents, fees and other lost revenues;

·  
lost profits or impairment of earning capacity due to property or natural resources damage; and

·  
net cost of public services necessitated by a spill response, such as protection from fire, safety or health hazards, and loss of subsistence use of natural resources.

Under amendments to OPA that became effective on July 11, 2006, the liability of responsible parties is limited to the greater of $950 per gross ton or $0.8 million per non-tank vessel (subject to periodic adjustment for inflation).  On September 24, 2008, the U.S. Coast Guard proposed adjustments to the limits of liability for non-tank vessels that would increase the limits for non-tank vessels to the greater of $1,000 per gross ton or $848,000 and establish a procedure for
 
 
16

 
 
adjusting the limits for inflation every three years.  The comment period for the proposed rule closed on November 24, 2008.  CERCLA, which applies to owners and operators of vessels, contains a similar liability regime and provides for cleanup, removal and natural resource damages.  Liability under CERCLA is limited to the greater of $300 per gross ton or $5 million for vessels carrying a hazardous substance as cargo and the greater of $300 per gross ton or $0.5 million for any other vessel.  These limits of liability do not apply if an incident was directly caused by violation of applicable U.S. federal safety, construction or operating regulations or by a responsible party's gross negligence or willful misconduct, or if the responsible party fails or refuses to report the incident or to cooperate and assist in connection with oil removal activities.

We currently maintain pollution liability coverage insurance in the amount of $1 billion per incident for each of our vessels.  If the damages from a catastrophic spill were to exceed our insurance coverage, it could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operation’s and cash flows.

OPA also requires owners and operators of vessels to establish and maintain with the U.S. Coast Guard evidence of financial responsibility sufficient to meet their potential liabilities under OPA and CERCLA.  On October 17, 2008, the U.S. Coast Guard regulatory requirements under OPA and CERCLA were amended to require evidence of financial responsibility in amounts that reflect the higher limits of liability imposed by the 2006 amendments to OPA, as described above.  The increased amounts became effective on January 15, 2009.  Under the regulations, vessel owners and operators may evidence their financial responsibility by showing proof of insurance, surety bond, self-insurance or guaranty.  Under OPA, an owner or operator of a fleet of vessels is required only to demonstrate evidence of financial responsibility in an amount sufficient to cover the vessels in the fleet having the greatest maximum liability under OPA.

The U.S. Coast Guard's regulations concerning certificates of financial responsibility provide, in accordance with OPA, that claimants may bring suit directly against an insurer or guarantor that furnishes certificates of financial responsibility.  In the event that such insurer or guarantor is sued directly, it is prohibited from asserting any contractual defense that it may have had against the responsible party and is limited to asserting those defenses available to the responsible party and the defense that the incident was caused by the willful misconduct of the responsible party.  Certain organizations, which had typically provided certificates of financial responsibility under pre-OPA laws, including the major protection and indemnity organizations, have declined to furnish evidence of insurance for vessel owners and operators if they are subject to direct actions or are required to waive insurance policy defenses.

The U.S. Coast Guard's financial responsibility regulations may also be satisfied by evidence of surety bond, guaranty or by self-insurance.  Under the self-insurance provisions, the ship owner or operator must have a net worth and working capital, measured in assets located in the United States against liabilities located anywhere in the world, that exceeds the applicable amount of financial responsibility.  We have complied with the U.S. Coast Guard regulations by providing a certificate of responsibility from third party entities that are acceptable to the U.S. Coast Guard evidencing sufficient self-insurance.

OPA specifically permits individual states to impose their own liability regimes with regard to oil pollution incidents occurring within their boundaries, and some states have enacted legislation providing for unlimited liability for oil spills.  In some cases, states, which have enacted such legislation, have not yet issued implementing regulations defining vessels owners' responsibilities under these laws.  We intend to comply with all applicable state regulations in the ports where our vessels call.  We believe that we are in substantial compliance with all applicable existing state requirements.  In addition, we intend to comply with all future applicable state regulations in the ports where our vessels call.

Other Environmental Initiatives

The U.S. Clean Water Act, or CWA, prohibits the discharge of oil or hazardous substances in U.S. navigable waters unless authorized by a duly-issued permit or exemption, and imposes strict liability in the form of penalties for any unauthorized discharges.  The CWA also imposes substantial liability for the costs of removal, remediation and damages and complements the remedies available under OPA and CERCLA.  In addition, most U.S. states that border a
 
 
 
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navigable waterway have enacted environmental pollution laws that impose strict liability on a person for removal costs and damages resulting from a discharge of oil or a release of a hazardous substance.  These laws may be more stringent than U.S. federal law.

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, or EPA, historically exempted the discharge of ballast water and other substances incidental to the normal operation of vessels in U.S. waters from CWA permitting requirements.  However, on March 31, 2005, a U.S. District Court ruled that the EPA exceeded its authority in creating an exemption for ballast water.  On September 18, 2006, the court issued an order invalidating the exemption in the EPA’s regulations for all discharges incidental to the normal operation of a vessel as of September 30, 2008, and directed the EPA to develop a system for regulating all discharges from vessels by that date.  The District Court’s decision was affirmed by the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals on July 23, 2008.  The Ninth Circuit’s ruling meant that owners and operators of vessels traveling in U.S. waters would soon be required to comply with the CWA permitting program to be developed by the EPA or face penalties.

In response to the invalidation and removal of the EPA’s vessel exemption by the Ninth Circuit, the EPA has enacted rules governing the regulation of ballast water discharges and other discharges incidental to the normal operation of vessels within U.S. waters.  Under the new rules, which took effect February 6, 2009, commercial vessels 79 feet in length or longer (other than commercial fishing vessels), or Regulated Vessels, are required to obtain a CWA permit regulating and authorizing such normal discharges.  This permit, which the EPA has designated as the Vessel General Permit for Discharges Incidental to the Normal Operation of Vessels, or VGP, incorporates the current U.S. Coast Guard requirements for ballast water management as well as supplemental ballast water requirements, and includes limits applicable to 26 specific discharge streams, such as deck runoff, bilge water and gray water.

For each discharge type, among other things, the VGP establishes effluent limits pertaining to the constituents found in the effluent, including best management practices, or BMPs, designed to decrease the amount of constituents entering the waste stream.  Unlike land-based discharges, which are deemed acceptable by meeting certain EPA-imposed numerical effluent limits, each of the 26 VGP discharge limits is deemed to be met when a Regulated Vessel carries out the BMPs pertinent to that specific discharge stream.  The VGP imposes additional requirements on certain Regulated Vessel types, including tankers, that emit discharges unique to those vessels.  Administrative provisions, such as inspection, monitoring, recordkeeping and reporting requirements are also included for all Regulated Vessels.

On August 31, 2008, the District Court ordered that the date for implementation of the VGP be postponed from September 30, 2008 until December 19, 2008.  This date was further postponed until February 6, 2009 by the District Court.  Although the VGP became effective on February 6, 2009, the VGP application procedure, known as the Notice of Intent, or NOI, has yet to be finalized.  Accordingly, Regulated Vessels will effectively be covered under the VGP from February 6, 2009 until June 19, 2009, at which time the “eNOI” electronic filing interface will become operational.  Thereafter, owners and operators of Regulated Vessels must file their NOIs prior to September 19, 2009, or the Deadline.  Any Regulated Vessel that does not file an NOI by the Deadline will, as of that date, no longer be covered by the VGP and will not be allowed to discharge into U.S. navigable waters until it has obtained a VGP.  Any Regulated Vessel that was delivered on or before the Deadline will receive final VGP permit coverage on the date that the EPA receives such Regulated Vessel’s complete NOI.  Regulated vessels delivered after the Deadline will not receive VGP permit coverage until 30 days after their NOI submission.  Our fleet is composed entirely of Regulated Vessels, and we intend to submit NOIs for each vessel in our fleet as soon after June 19, 2009 as practicable.

In addition, pursuant to Section 401 of the CWA, which requires each state to certify federal discharge permits such as the VGP, certain states have enacted additional discharge standards as conditions to their certification of the VGP.  These local standards bring the VGP into compliance with more stringent state requirements, such as those further restricting ballast water discharges and preventing the introduction of non-indigenous species considered to be invasive.  The VGP and its state-specific regulations and any similar restrictions enacted in the future will increase the costs of operating in the relevant waters.
 
 
 
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On October 9, 2008, the United States ratified the amended Annex VI to the IMO’s MARPOL Convention, addressing air pollution from ships, which went into effect on January 8, 2009. The EPA and the State of California, however, have each proposed more stringent regulations of air emissions from ocean-going vessels.  On July 24, 2008, the California Air Resources Board of the State of California, or CARB, approved clean-fuel regulations applicable to all vessels sailing within 24 miles of the California coastline whose itineraries call for them to enter any California ports, terminal facilities, or internal or estuarine waters.  The new CARB regulations require such vessels to use low sulfur marine fuels rather than bunker fuel.  By July 1, 2009, such vessels are required to switch either to marine gas oil with a sulfur content of no more than 1.5% or marine diesel oil with a sulfur content of no more than 0.5%.  By 2012, only marine gas oil and marine diesel oil fuels with 0.1% sulfur will be allowed.  CARB unilaterally approved the new regulations in spite of legal defeats at both the district and appellate court levels, but more legal challenges are expected to follow.  If CARB prevails and the new regulations go into effect as scheduled July 1, 2009, in the event our vessels were to travel within such waters, these new regulations would require significant expenditures on low-sulfur fuel and may increase our operating costs if operating outside a time charter or vessel pool arrangement.  Finally, although the more stringent CARB regime was technically superseded when the United States ratified and implemented the amended Annex VI, the possible declaration of various U.S. coastal waters as Emissions Control Areas may in turn bring U.S. emissions standards into line with the new CARB regulations, which would cause us to incur further costs.

The U.S. National Invasive Species Act, or NISA, was enacted in 1996 in response to growing reports of harmful organisms being released into U.S. ports through ballast water taken on by ships in foreign ports.  NISA established a ballast water management program for ships entering U.S. waters.  Under NISA, mid-ocean ballast water exchange is voluntary, except for ships heading to the Great Lakes or Hudson Bay, or vessels engaged in the foreign export of Alaskan North Slope crude oil.  However, NISA's reporting and record-keeping requirements are mandatory for vessels bound for any port in the United States.  Although ballast water exchange is the primary means of compliance with the act's guidelines, compliance can also be achieved through the retention of ballast water on board the ship, or the use of environmentally sound alternative ballast water management methods approved by the U.S. Coast Guard.  If the mid-ocean ballast exchange is made mandatory throughout the United States, or if water treatment requirements or options are instituted, the cost of compliance could increase for ocean carriers.  Although we do not believe that the costs of compliance with a mandatory mid-ocean ballast exchange would be material, it is difficult to predict the overall impact of such a requirement on the drybulk shipping industry.  The U.S. House of Representatives has recently passed a bill that amends NISA by prohibiting the discharge of ballast water unless it has been treated with specified methods or acceptable alternatives.  Similar bills have been introduced in the U.S. Senate, but we cannot predict which bill, if any, will be enacted into law.  In the absence of federal standards, states have enacted legislation or regulations to address invasive species through ballast water and hull cleaning management and permitting requirements.  For instance, the State of California has recently enacted legislation extending its ballast water management program to regulate the management of “hull fouling” organisms attached to vessels and adopted regulations limiting the number of organisms in ballast water discharges.  In addition, in November 2008 the Sixth Circuit Court of Appeals affirmed a District Court’s dismissal of challenges to the State of Michigan’s ballast water management legislation mandating the use of various techniques for ballast water treatment.  Other states may proceed with the enactment of similar requirements that could increase the costs of operating in state waters.

Our operations occasionally generate and require the transportation, treatment and disposal of both hazardous and non-hazardous solid wastes that are subject to the requirements of the U.S. Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, or RCRA, or comparable state, local or foreign requirements.  In addition, from time to time we arrange for the disposal of hazardous waste or hazardous substances at offsite disposal facilities.  If such materials are improperly disposed of by third parties, we may still be held liable for clean up costs under applicable laws and regulations.

European Union Regulations

In 2005, the European Union adopted a directive on ship-source pollution, imposing criminal sanctions for intentional, reckless or negligent pollution discharges by ships.  The directive could result in criminal liability for pollution from vessels in waters of European countries that adopt implementing legislation.  Criminal liability for
 
 
 
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pollution may result in substantial penalties or fines and increased civil liability claims.

Greenhouse Gas Regulation

In February 2005, the Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, or the Kyoto Protocol, entered into force.  Pursuant to the Kyoto Protocol, adopting countries are required to implement national programs to reduce emissions of certain gases, generally referred to as greenhouse gases, which are suspected of contributing to global warming.  Currently, the emissions of greenhouse gases from international shipping are not subject to the Kyoto Protocol.  However, the European Union has indicated that it intends to propose an expansion of the existing European Union emissions trading scheme to include emissions of greenhouse gases from vessels.  In the United States, the Attorney Generals from 16 states and a coalition of environmental groups in April 2008 filed a petition for a writ of mandamus, or petition, with the DC Circuit Court of Appeals to request an order requiring the EPA to regulate greenhouse gas emissions from ocean-going vessels under the Clean Air Act.  The court denied the petition in June 2008.  However, pursuant to an April 2, 2007 order of the U.S. Supreme court, the EPA is currently considering whether carbon dioxide should be considered a pollutant that endangers public health and welfare, and thus subject to regulation under the Clean Air Act.  Future passage of climate control legislation or other regulatory initiatives by the IMO, European Union, United States or other individual countries where we operate that restrict emissions of greenhouse gases could entail financial impacts on our operations that we cannot predict with certainty at this time.

Vessel Security Regulations

Since the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, there have been a variety of initiatives intended to enhance vessel security.  On November 25, 2002, the U.S. Maritime Transportation Security Act of 2002, or the MTSA, came into effect.  To implement certain portions of the MTSA, in July 2003, the U.S. Coast Guard issued regulations requiring the implementation of certain security requirements aboard vessels operating in waters subject to the jurisdiction of the United States.  Similarly, in December 2002, amendments to SOLAS created a new chapter of the convention dealing specifically with maritime security.  The new chapter became effective in July 2004 and imposes various detailed security obligations on vessels and port authorities, most of which are contained in the newly created International Ship and Port Facilities Security Code, or the ISPS Code.  The ISPS Code is designed to protect ports and international shipping against terrorism.  After July 1, 2004, to trade internationally, a vessel must attain an International Ship Security Certificate from a recognized security organization approved by the vessel’s flag state.  Among the various requirements are:

·  
on-board installation of automatic identification systems to provide a means for the automatic transmission of safety-related information from among similarly equipped ships and shore stations, including information on a ship’s identity, position, course, speed and navigational status;
·  
on-board installation of ship security alert systems, which do not sound on the vessel but only alert the authorities on shore;
·  
the development of vessel security plans;
·  
ship identification number to be permanently marked on a vessel’s hull;
·  
a continuous synopsis record kept onboard showing a vessel’s history including the name of the ship and of the state whose flag the ship is entitled to fly, the date on which the ship was registered with that state, the ship’s identification number, the port at which the ship is registered and the name of the registered owner(s) and their registered address; and
·  
compliance with flag state security certification requirements.

The U.S. Coast Guard regulations, intended to align with international maritime security standards, exempt from MTSA vessel security measures non-U.S. vessels that have on board, as of July 1, 2004, a valid International Ship Security Certificate attesting to the vessel’s compliance with SOLAS security requirements and the ISPS Code.  We have implemented the various security measures addressed by the MTSA, SOLAS and the ISPS Code.
 
 
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Inspection by Classification Societies

Every oceangoing vessel must be ‘‘classed’’ by a classification society.  The classification society certifies that the vessel is ‘‘in class,’’ signifying that the vessel has been built and maintained in accordance with the rules of the classification society and complies with applicable rules and regulations of the vessel’s country of registry and the international conventions of which that country is a member.  In addition, where surveys are required by international conventions and corresponding laws and ordinances of a flag state, the classification society will undertake them on application or by official order, acting on behalf of the authorities concerned.

The classification society also undertakes on request other surveys and checks that are required by regulations and requirements of the flag state.  These surveys are subject to agreements made in each individual case and/or to the regulations of the country concerned.

For maintenance of the class certification, regular and extraordinary surveys of hull, machinery, including the electrical plant, and any special equipment classed are required to be performed as follows:

·  
Annual Surveys:  For seagoing ships, annual surveys are conducted for the hull and the machinery, including the electrical plant, and where applicable for special equipment classed, at intervals of 12 months from the date of commencement of the class period indicated in the certificate.
·  
Intermediate Surveys:  Extended annual surveys are referred to as intermediate surveys and typically are conducted two and one-half years after commissioning and each class renewal.  Intermediate surveys may be carried out on the occasion of the second or third annual survey.
·  
Class Renewal Surveys:  Class renewal surveys, also known as special surveys, are carried out for the ship’s hull, machinery, including the electrical plant, and for any special equipment classed, at the intervals indicated by the character of classification for the hull.  At the special survey, the vessel is thoroughly examined, including audio-gauging to determine the thickness of the steel structures.  Should the thickness be found to be less than class requirements, the classification society would prescribe steel renewals.  The classification society may grant a one-year grace period for completion of the special survey.  Substantial amounts of money may have to be spent for steel renewals to pass a special survey if the vessel experiences excessive wear and tear.  In lieu of the special survey every four or five years, depending on whether a grace period was granted, a shipowner has the option of arranging with the classification society for the vessel’s hull or machinery to be on a continuous survey cycle, in which every part of the vessel would be surveyed within a five-year cycle.  Upon a shipowner’s request, the surveys required for class renewal may be split according to an agreed schedule to extend over the entire period of class.  This process is referred to as continuous class renewal.

All areas subject to survey as defined by the classification society are required to be surveyed at least once per class period, unless shorter intervals between surveys are prescribed elsewhere.  The period between two subsequent surveys of each area must not exceed five years.

Most vessels are also drydocked every 30 to 36 months for inspection of the underwater parts and for repairs related to inspections.  If any defects are found, the classification surveyor will issue a ‘‘recommendation’’ which must be rectified by the shipowner within prescribed time limits.

Most insurance underwriters make it a condition for insurance coverage that a vessel be certified as ‘‘in class’’ by a classification society which is a member of the International Association of Classification Societies.  All of our vessels have been certified as being “in class” by ABS, BV, NK, DNV or Lloyd’s.  All new and secondhand vessels that we purchase must be certified prior to their delivery under our standard agreements.


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SEASONALITY

We operate our vessels in markets that have historically exhibited seasonal variations in demand and, as a result, charter rates.  We seek to mitigate the risk of these seasonal variations by entering into long-term time charters for our vessels, where possible.  However, this seasonality may result in quarter-to-quarter volatility in our operating results, depending on when we enter into our time charters or if our vessels trade on the spot market.  The drybulk sector is typically stronger in the fall and winter months in anticipation of increased consumption of coal and raw materials in the northern hemisphere during the winter months.  As a result, our revenues could be weaker during the fiscal quarters ended June 30 and September 30, and conversely, our revenues could be stronger during the quarters ended December 31 and March 31.

ITEM 1A.  RISK FACTORS

ADDITIONAL FACTORS THAT MAY AFFECT FUTURE RESULTS

This annual report on Form 10-K contains forward-looking statements made pursuant to the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995.  Such forward-looking statements use words such as “anticipate,” “budget,” “estimate,” “expect,” “project,” “intend,” “plan,” “believe,” and other words and terms of similar meaning in connection with a discussion of potential future events, circumstances or future operating or financial performance.  These forward-looking statements are based on our management’s current expectations and observations.  Included among the factors that, in our view, could cause actual results to differ materially from the forward looking statements contained in this annual report on Form 10-K are the following: (i) changes in demand or rates in the drybulk shipping industry; (ii) changes in the supply of or demand for drybulk products, generally or in particular regions; (iii) changes in the supply of drybulk carriers including newbuilding of vessels or lower than anticipated scrapping of older vessels; (iv) changes in rules and regulations applicable to the cargo industry, including, without limitation, legislation adopted by international organizations or by individual countries and actions taken by regulatory authorities; (v) increases in costs and expenses including but not limited to: crew wages, insurance, provisions, repairs, maintenance and general and administrative expenses; (vi) the adequacy of our insurance arrangements; (vii) changes in general domestic and international political conditions; (viii) changes in the condition of the Company’s vessels or applicable maintenance or regulatory standards (which may affect, among other things, our anticipated drydocking or maintenance and repair costs) and unanticipated drydock expenditures; (ix) the amount of offhire time needed to complete repairs on vessels and the timing and amount of any reimbursement by our insurance carriers for insurance claims including offhire days; (x) our acquisition or disposition of vessels; (xi) the fulfillment of the closing conditions under, or the execution of customary additional documentation for, the Company’s agreements to acquire a total of three drybulk vessels; (xii) the results of the investigation into the incident involving the collision of the Genco Hunter, the possible cause of and liability for such incident, and the scope of insurance coverage available to Genco for such incident; (xiii) the Company’s ability to collect amounts due from Samsun Logix Corporation and/or recharter the Genco Cavalier at all or at favorable rates; (xiv) the extent of repairs required for the Genco Cavalier and the Company’s ability to collect on any damage claim for its recent collision; (xv) those other risks and uncertainties discussed below under the heading “RISK FACTORS RELATED TO OUR BUSINESS & OPERATIONS”, and (xvi) other factors listed from time to time in our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

The following risk factors and other information included in this report should be carefully considered. If any of the following risks occur, our business, financial condition, operating results and cash flows could be materially and adversely affected and the trading price of our common stock could decline.




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RISK FACTORS RELATED TO OUR BUSINESS & OPERATIONS

Industry Specific Risk Factors

The current global economic turndown may continue to negatively impact our business.
 
Recent months have seen a significant shift in the global economy, with operating businesses facing tightening credit, weakening demand for goods and services, deteriorating international liquidity conditions, and declining markets.  Lower demand for drybulk cargoes as well as diminished trade credit available for the delivery of such cargoes have led to decreased demand for drybulk vessels, creating downward pressure on charter rates.  If the current global economic environment persists or worsens, we may be negatively affected in the following ways:

·  
We may not be able to employ our vessels at charter rates as favorable to us as historical rates or operate our vessels profitably.

·  
The market value of our vessels could further decrease, which may cause us to recognize losses if any of our vessels are sold or if their values are impaired.  In connection with this risk, we recently amended our credit facility to obtain a waiver of the collateral maintenance requirement until we can satisfy the requirement and meet certain other conditions.   If we did not have such a waiver, such a decline in the market value of our vessels could prevent us from borrowing under our credit facility or trigger a default under its covenants.

·  
Charterers could seek to renegotiate the terms of their charterers with us or have difficulty meeting their payment obligations to us.  We understand that Samsun Logix Corporation, the charterer of the Genco Cavalier, has recently filed for the equivalent of bankruptcy protection in South Korea.

·  
The value of our investment in Jinhui could decline further in future years, and we may recognize additional impairment losses if we were to sell our shares or if the value of our investment is further impaired.

The occurrence of any of the foregoing could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, cash flows, financial condition and ability to pay dividends. 

Charterhire rates for drybulk carriers are volatile and are currently at relatively low levels as compared to historical levels and may further decrease in the future, which may adversely affect our earnings.
 
The drybulk shipping industry is cyclical with attendant volatility in charterhire rates and profitability.  The degree of charterhire rate volatility among different types of drybulk carriers has varied widely.  Charterhire rates are volatile, as evidenced by the historically high rates during May 2008, which have since declined to extreme lows in December 2008.
 
Because we generally charter our vessels pursuant to time charters, we are exposed to changes in spot market rates for drybulk carriers at the time of entering into charterhire contracts and such changes may affect our earnings and the value of our drybulk carriers at any given time.  We cannot assure you that we will be able to successfully charter our vessels in the future or renew existing charters at rates sufficient to allow us to meet our obligations or to pay dividends to our shareholders.  The supply of and demand for shipping capacity strongly influences freight rates.  Because the factors affecting the supply and demand for vessels are outside of our control and are unpredictable, the nature, timing, direction and degree of changes in industry conditions are also unpredictable.
 
Factors that influence demand for vessel capacity include:
 
·  
demand for and production of drybulk products;
 
 
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·  
global and regional economic and political conditions including developments in international trade, fluctuations in industrial and agricultural production and armed conflicts;
 
·  
the distance drybulk cargo is to be moved by sea;
 
·  
environmental and other regulatory developments; and
 
·  
changes in seaborne and other transportation patterns.
 
The factors that influence the supply of vessel capacity include:
 
·  
the number of newbuilding deliveries;
 
·  
port and canal congestion;
 
·  
the scrapping rate of older vessels;
 
·  
vessel casualties; and
 
·  
the number of vessels that are out of service, i.e., laid-up, drydocked, awaiting repairs or otherwise not available for hire.
 
In addition to the prevailing and anticipated freight rates, factors that affect the rate of newbuilding, scrapping and laying-up include newbuilding prices, secondhand vessel values in relation to scrap prices, costs of bunkers and other operating costs, costs associated with classification society surveys, normal maintenance and insurance coverage, the efficiency and age profile of the existing fleet in the market and government and industry regulation of maritime transportation practices, particularly environmental protection laws and regulations.  These factors influencing the supply of and demand for shipping capacity are outside of our control, and we may not be able to correctly assess the nature, timing and degree of changes in industry conditions.
 
We anticipate that the future demand for our drybulk carriers will be dependent upon economic growth in the world's economies, including China and India, seasonal and regional changes in demand, changes in the capacity of the global drybulk carrier fleet and the sources and supply of drybulk cargo to be transported by sea.  The capacity of the global drybulk carrier fleet seems likely to increase and we can provide no assurance as to the timing or extent of future economic growth.  Adverse economic, political, social or other developments could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, cash flows, financial condition and ability to pay dividends.

An over-supply of drybulk carrier capacity may lead to reductions in charterhire rates and profitability.
 
The market supply of drybulk carriers has been increasing as a result of the delivery of numerous newbuilding orders over the last few years.  Currently, we believe there is an oversupply of vessels, as evidenced by some carriers letting their ships sit idle rather than operate them at current rates.  However, future newbuilding deliveries are being affected by the cancellation of vessel orders, which may result in a reduction in the growth of the future supply of vessels.

Newbuildings were delivered in significant numbers starting at the beginning of 2006 and continued to be delivered in significant numbers through 2007 and 2008.  An oversupply of drybulk carrier capacity may result in a reduction of charterhire rates, as evidenced by historically low rates in December 2008.  If such a reduction continues, upon the expiration or termination of our vessels’ current charters, we may only be able to re-charter our vessels at reduced or unprofitable rates, or we may not be able to charter these vessels at all.
 
 
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The market values of our vessels may decrease, which could adversely affect our operating results, cause us to breach one or more of the covenants in our 2007 Credit Facility or limit the total amount that we may borrow under our 2007 Credit Facility.
 
If the book value of one of our vessels is impaired due to unfavorable market conditions or a vessel is sold at a price below its book value, we would incur a loss that could adversely affect our financial results.  Also, we have entered into a credit agreement with a syndicate of commercial lenders that provides us with the 2007 Credit Facility.  If the market value of our fleet declines, we may not be in compliance with certain provisions of our 2007 Credit Facility, and we may not be able to refinance our debt or obtain additional financing.  We recently obtained a waiver of the collateral maintenance requirement under our 2007 Credit Facility, subject to certain conditions as mentioned above.  This requirement is waived effective for the year ended December 31, 2008 and until the Company can represent that it is in compliance with all of its financial covenants and is otherwise able to pay a dividend and purchase or redeem shares of common stock under the terms of the Credit Facility in effect before the 2009 Amendment.  With the exception of the collateral maintenance financial covenant, the Company believes that it is in compliance with its covenants under the 2007 Credit Facility.  Without a waiver of the kind provided in the recent amendment to our 2007 Credit Facility, a decrease in the fair market value of our vessels may cause us to breach one or more of the covenants in our Credit Facility, which could accelerate the repayment of outstanding borrowings under the facility, or may limit the total amount that we may borrow under the facility.  We cannot assure you that we will satisfy all our debt covenants in the future or that our lenders will waive any future failure to satisfy these covenants.  The occurrence of these events could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, cash flows, financial condition and ability to pay dividends.

A further economic slowdown in the Asia Pacific region could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial position and results of operations.

A significant number of the port calls made by our vessels involve the loading or discharging of raw materials and semi-finished products in ports in the Asia Pacific region.  As a result, a negative change in economic conditions in any Asia Pacific country, and particularly in China or Japan, may have an adverse effect on our business, results of operations, cash flows, financial condition and ability to pay dividends.  In particular, in recent years, China has been one of the world's fastest growing economies in terms of gross domestic product, although the growth rate of China’s economy slowed significantly in 2008.  We cannot assure you that the Chinese economy will not experience a significant contraction in the future.  Moreover, a significant or protracted slowdown in the economies of the United States, the European Union or various Asian countries may adversely affect economic growth in China and elsewhere.  Our business, results of operations, cash flows, financial condition and ability to pay dividends will likely be materially and adversely affected by an economic downturn in any of these countries.

We are subject to regulation and liability under environmental and operational safety laws that could require significant expenditures and affect our cash flows and net income and could subject us to increased liability under applicable law or regulation.
 
Our business and the operation of our vessels are materially affected by government regulation in the form of international conventions and national, state and local laws and regulations in force in the jurisdictions in which the vessels operate, as well as in the countries of their registration.  Because such conventions, laws, and regulations are often revised, we cannot predict the ultimate cost of complying with them or their impact on the resale prices or useful lives of our vessels.  Additional conventions, laws and regulations may be adopted that could limit our ability to do business or increase the cost of our doing business and that may materially adversely affect our business, results of operations, cash flows, financial condition and ability to pay dividends.  We are required by various governmental and quasi-governmental agencies to obtain certain permits, licenses, certificates and financial assurances with respect to our operations.
 
 
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The operation of our vessels is affected by the requirements set forth in the United Nations' International Maritime Organization's International Management Code for the Safe Operation of Ships and Pollution Prevention, or ISM Code.  The ISM Code requires shipowners, ship managers and bareboat charterers to develop and maintain an extensive "Safety Management System" that includes the adoption of a safety and environmental protection policy setting forth instructions and procedures for safe operation and describing procedures for dealing with emergencies.  The failure of a shipowner or bareboat charterer to comply with the ISM Code may subject it to increased liability, may invalidate existing insurance or decrease available insurance coverage for the affected vessels and may result in a denial of access to, or detention in, certain ports.

Although the United States is not a party, many countries have ratified and follow the liability scheme adopted by the IMO and set out in the CLC, and the Convention for the Establishment of an International Fund for Oil Pollution of 1971, as amended.  Under these conventions, a vessel's registered owner is strictly liable for pollution damage caused on the territorial waters of a contracting state by discharge of persistent oil, subject to certain complete defenses.

Many of the countries that have ratified the CLC have increased the liability limits through a 1992 Protocol to the CLC.  The right to limit liability is also forfeited under the CLC where the spill is caused by the owner's actual fault and, under the 1992 Protocol, where the spill is caused by the owner's intentional or reckless conduct.  Vessels trading to contracting states must provide evidence of insurance coverage.  In jurisdictions where the CLC has not been adopted, various legislative schemes or common law govern, and liability is imposed either on the basis of fault or in a manner similar to the CLC.

The United States Oil Pollution Act of 1990, or OPA, established an extensive regulatory and liability regime for the protection and cleanup of the environment from oil spills.  OPA affects all owners and operators whose vessels trade in the United States, its territories and possessions or whose vessels operate in U.S. waters.  OPA allows for potentially unlimited liability without regard to fault of vessel owners, operators and bareboat charterers for all containment and clean-up costs and other damages arising from discharges or threatened discharges of oil from their vessels, including bunkers, in U.S. waters.  OPA also expressly permits individual states to impose their own liability regimes with regard to hazardous materials and oil pollution materials occurring within their boundaries.

While we do not carry oil as cargo, we do carry bunkers in our drybulk carriers.  We currently maintain, for each of our vessels, pollution liability coverage insurance of $1 billion per incident.  Damages from a catastrophic spill exceeding our insurance coverage could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, cash flows, financial condition and ability to pay dividends.

Increased inspection procedures and tighter import and export controls could increase costs and disrupt our business.

International shipping is subject to various security and customs inspection and related procedures in countries of origin and destination.  Inspection procedures can result in the seizure of the contents of our vessels, delays in the loading, offloading or delivery and the levying of customs duties, fines or other penalties against us.

It is possible that changes to inspection procedures could impose additional financial and legal obligations on us.  Furthermore, changes to inspection procedures could also impose additional costs and obligations on our customers and may, in certain cases, render the shipment of certain types of cargo uneconomical or impractical.  Any such changes or developments may have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, cash flows, financial condition and ability to pay dividends.
 
We operate our vessels worldwide and as a result, our vessels are exposed to international risks which could reduce revenue or increase expenses.

The international shipping industry is an inherently risky business involving global operations.  Our vessels will be at risk of damage or loss because of events such as mechanical failure, collision, human error, war, terrorism, piracy,
 
 
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cargo loss and bad weather.  All these hazards can result in death or injury to persons, increased costs, loss of revenues, loss or damage to property (including cargo), environmental damage, higher insurance rates, damage to our customer relationships, harm to our reputation as a safe and reliable operator and delay or rerouting.  In addition, changing economic, regulatory and political conditions in some countries, including political and military conflicts, have from time to time resulted in attacks on vessels, mining of waterways, piracy, terrorism, labor strikes and boycotts.  These sorts of events could interfere with shipping routes and result in market disruptions which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, cash flows, financial condition and ability to pay dividends.

If our vessels suffer damage, they may need to be repaired at a drydocking facility.  The costs of drydock repairs are unpredictable and can be substantial.  We may have to pay drydocking costs that our insurance does not cover in full.  The loss of earnings while these vessels are being repaired and repositioned, as well as the actual cost of these repairs, would decrease our earnings.  In addition, space at drydocking facilities is sometimes limited and not all drydocking facilities are conveniently located.  We may be unable to find space at a suitable drydocking facility or we may be forced to travel to a drydocking facility that is distant from the relevant vessel's position.  The loss of earnings while vessels are forced to wait for space or to travel to more distant drydocking facilities would decrease our earnings.

The operation of drybulk carriers has certain unique operational risks which could affect our earnings and cash flow.
 
The operation of certain ship types, such as drybulk carriers, has certain unique risks.  With a drybulk carrier, the cargo itself and its interaction with the vessel can be an operational risk.  By their nature, drybulk cargoes are often heavy, dense, easily shifted, and react badly to water exposure.  In addition, drybulk carriers are often subjected to battering treatment during unloading operations with grabs, jackhammers (to pry encrusted cargoes out of the hold) and small bulldozers.  This treatment may cause damage to the vessel.  Vessels damaged due to treatment during unloading procedures may be more susceptible to breach to the sea.  Hull breaches in drybulk carriers may lead to the flooding of the vessels' holds.  If a drybulk carrier suffers flooding in its forward holds, the bulk cargo may become so dense and waterlogged that its pressure may buckle the vessel's bulkheads, leading to the loss of a vessel.  If we are unable to adequately maintain our vessels, we may be unable to prevent these events.  Any of these circumstances or events may have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, cash flows, financial condition and ability to pay dividends.  In addition, the loss of any of our vessels could harm our reputation as a safe and reliable vessel owner and operator.

 
Acts of piracy on ocean-going vessels have recently increased in frequency, which could adversely affect our business.
 
Acts of piracy have historically affected ocean-going vessels trading in regions of the world such as the South China Sea and in the Gulf of Aden off the coast of Somalia.  Throughout 2008, the frequency of piracy incidents increased significantly, particularly in the Gulf of Aden off the coast of Somalia.  If these piracy attacks result in regions in which our vessels are deployed being characterized by insurers as “war risk” zones, as the Gulf of Aden temporarily was in May 2008, or Joint War Committee (JWC) “war and strikes” listed areas, premiums payable for such coverage could increase significantly and such insurance coverage may be more difficult to obtain.  In addition, crew costs, including costs which may be incurred to the extent we employ onboard security guards, could increase in such circumstances.  We may not be adequately insured to cover losses from these incidents, which could have a material adverse effect on us.  In addition, detention hijacking as a result of an act of piracy against our vessels, or an increase in cost, or unavailability of insurance for our vessels, could have a material adverse impact on our business, results of operations, cash flows, financial condition and ability to pay dividends.
 
Terrorist attacks, such as the attacks on the United States on September 11, 2001, and other acts of violence or war may affect the financial markets and our business, results of operations and financial condition.
 
Terrorist attacks such as the attacks in the United States on September 11, 2001 and the United States’ continuing response to these attacks, the attacks in London on July 7, 2005, as well as the threat of future terrorist attacks, continue to cause uncertainty in the world financial markets, including the energy markets.  The continuing conflict in Iraq may
 
 
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lead to additional acts of terrorism, armed conflict and civil disturbance around the world, which may contribute to further instability including in the drybulk shipping markets.  Terrorist attacks, such as the attack on the M.T. Limburg in Yemen in October 2002, may also negatively affect our trade patterns or other operations and directly impact our vessels or our customers.  Future terrorist attacks could result in increased volatility of the financial markets in the United States and globally and could result in an economic recession in the United States or the world.  Any of these occurrences, or the perception that drybulk carriers are potential terrorist targets, could have a material adverse impact on our business, results of operations, cash flows, financial condition and ability to pay dividends.

Compliance with safety and other vessel requirements imposed by classification societies may be costly and could reduce our net cash flows and net income.

The hull and machinery of every commercial vessel must be certified as being "in class" by a classification society authorized by its country of registry.  The classification society certifies that a vessel is safe and seaworthy in accordance with the applicable rules and regulations of the country of registry of the vessel and the Safety of Life at Sea Convention.  Our vessels are currently enrolled with the ABS, NK, DNV, or Lloyd’s, each of which is a member of the International Association of Classification Societies.

A vessel must undergo annual surveys, intermediate surveys and special surveys.  In lieu of a special survey, a vessel's machinery may be placed on a continuous survey cycle, under which the machinery would be surveyed periodically over a five-year period.  Our vessels are on special survey cycles for hull inspection and continuous survey cycles for machinery inspection.  Every vessel is also required to be drydocked every two to three years for inspection of its underwater parts.

If any vessel does not maintain its class or fails any annual, intermediate or special survey, the vessel will be unable to trade between ports and will be unemployable and we could be in violation of certain covenants in our 2007 Credit Facility, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, cash flows, financial condition and ability to pay dividends.

We may be unable to attract and retain qualified, skilled employees or crew necessary to operate our business.

Our success depends in large part on our ability to attract and retain highly skilled and qualified personnel.  In crewing our vessels, we require technically skilled employees with specialized training who can perform physically demanding work.  Competition to attract and retain qualified crew members is intense.  We expect crew costs to increase in 2009.  If we are not able to increase our rates to compensate for any crew cost increases, it could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, cash flows, financial condition and ability to pay dividends.  Any inability we experience in the future to hire, train and retain a sufficient number of qualified employees could impair our ability to manage, maintain and grow our business.

Labor interruptions could disrupt our business.

Our vessels are manned by masters, officers and crews that are employed by third parties.  If not resolved in a timely and cost-effective manner, industrial action or other labor unrest could prevent or hinder our operations from being carried out normally and could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, cash flows, financial condition and ability to pay dividends.

The smuggling of drugs or other contraband onto our vessels may lead to governmental claims against us.

We expect that our vessels will call in ports in South America and other areas where smugglers attempt to hide drugs and other contraband on vessels, with or without the knowledge of crew members.  To the extent our vessels are found with contraband, whether inside or attached to the hull of our vessel and whether with or without the knowledge of any of our crew, we may face governmental or other regulatory claims which could have an adverse effect on our business, results of operations, cash flows, financial condition and ability to pay dividends.
 
 
 
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Arrests of our vessels by maritime claimants could cause a significant loss of earnings for the related off-hire period.
 
Crew members, suppliers of goods and services to a vessel, shippers of cargo and other parties may be entitled to a maritime lien against a vessel for unsatisfied debts, claims or damages.  In many jurisdictions, a maritime lienholder may enforce its lien by “arresting” or “attaching” a vessel through foreclosure proceedings.  The arrest or attachment of one or more of our vessels could result in a significant loss of earnings for the related off-hire period.  In addition, in jurisdictions where the “sister ship” theory of liability applies, a claimant may arrest the vessel which is subject to the claimant’s maritime lien and any “associated” vessel, which is any vessel owned or controlled by the same owner.  In countries with “sister ship” liability laws, claims might be asserted against us or any of our vessels for liabilities of other vessels that we own.

Governments could requisition our vessels during a period of war or emergency, resulting in loss of earnings.

A government of a vessel's registry could requisition for title or seize our vessels.  Requisition for title occurs when a government takes control of a vessel and becomes the owner.  A government could also requisition our vessels for hire.  Requisition for hire occurs when a government takes control of a vessel and effectively becomes the charterer at dictated charter rates.  Generally, requisitions occur during a period of war or emergency.  Government requisition of one or more of our vessels could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, cash flows, financial condition and ability to pay dividends.

Increases in fuel prices could adversely affect our profits.
 
From time to time, we may operate our vessels on spot charters either directly or by placing them in pools with similar vessels.  Spot charter arrangements generally provide that the vessel owner or pool operator bear the cost of fuel (bunkers), which is a significant vessel operating expense.  We currently have three vessels operating in vessel pools, and we may arrange for more vessels to do so, depending on market conditions.  Also, the cost of fuel may also be a factor in negotiating charter rates in the future.  As a result, an increase in the price of fuel beyond our expectations may adversely affect our profitability, cash flows and ability to pay dividends.  The price and supply of fuel is unpredictable and fluctuates as a result of events outside our control, including geo-political developments, supply and demand for oil and gas, actions by members of the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries and other oil and gas producers, war and unrest in oil producing countries and regions, regional production patterns and environmental concerns and regulations.

Our results of operations are subject to seasonal fluctuations, which may adversely affect our financial condition.

We operate our vessels in markets that have historically exhibited seasonal variations in demand and, as a result, charter rates.  This seasonality may result in quarter-to-quarter volatility in our operating results, depending on when we enter into our time charters or if our vessels trade on the spot market.  The drybulk sector is typically stronger in the fall and winter months in anticipation of increased consumption of coal and raw materials in the northern hemisphere during the winter months.  As a result, our revenues could be weaker during the fiscal quarters ended June 30 and September 30, and conversely, our revenue could be stronger during the quarters ended December 31 and March 31.  This seasonality could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, cash flows, financial condition and ability to pay dividends.

Company Specific Risk Factors

Our earnings will be adversely affected if we do not successfully employ our vessels.

As of February 26, 2009, all but three of the vessels in our fleet were engaged under time charter contracts that expire (assuming the option periods in the time charters are not exercised) between March 2009 and October 2012.  One
 
 
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of these vessels, the Genco Cavalier, is currently engaged under a time charter contract with Samsun Logix Corporation, which we understand has filed for the equivalent of bankruptcy protection in South Korea.  Three of our vessels currently trade in the spot charter market through participation in pool arrangements.  Although time charters provide relatively steady streams of revenues, our vessels committed to time charters may not be available for spot voyages during periods of increasing charterhire rates, when spot voyages might be more profitable.  The drybulk market is volatile, and in the past charterhire rates for drybulk carriers have sometimes declined below operating costs of vessels.  If our vessels become available for employment in the spot market or under new time charters during periods when market prices have fallen, we may have to employ our vessels at depressed market prices, which would lead to reduced or volatile earnings.  Also, while Genco is currently actively exploring its options to collect amounts due to the Company from Samsun Logix Corporation, there can be no assurance as to when and how much of such amounts may be collected or whether the Company can recharter the Genco Cavalier at all or at favorable rates.  To the extent our vessels trade in the spot charter market, we may experience fluctuations in revenue, cash flow and net income.  The spot charter market is highly competitive, and spot market voyage charter rates may fluctuate dramatically based primarily on the worldwide supply of drybulk vessels available in the market and the worldwide demand for the transportation of drybulk cargoes.  We can provide no assurance that future charterhire rates will enable us to operate our vessels profitably.  In addition, our standard time charter contracts with our customers specify certain performance parameters, which if not met can result in customer claims.  Such claims may have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, cash flows, financial condition and ability to pay dividends.

If we cannot find profitable employment for additional vessels that we acquire, our earnings will be adversely affected.

We generally acquire vessels free of charter, although we have and may again acquire some vessels with continuing time charters.  In addition, where a vessel has been under a voyage charter, it is rare in the shipping industry for the last charterer of the vessel in the seller's hands to continue as the first charterer of the vessel in the buyer's hands.  To the extent we operate our vessels in vessel pools, the profitable employment of our vessels depends to some degree on the ability of the pool operators.  We provide no assurance that we will be able to arrange immediate or profitable employment for vessels that we acquire.  If we cannot do so, it could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, cash flows, financial condition and ability to pay dividends.

We depend upon a small number of charterers for a large part of our revenues.  The loss of one or more of these charterers could adversely affect our financial performance.

We have derived a significant part of our revenues from a small number of charterers.  For the year ended December 31, 2008, 100% of our revenues were derived from 22 charterers.  Additionally, approximately 42.4% of our revenues were derived from two charterers, Pacbasin and Cargill.  If we were to lose any of these charterers, or if any of these charterers significantly reduced its use of our services or was unable to make charter payments to us, it could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, cash flows, financial condition and ability to pay dividends.

Our practice of purchasing and operating previously owned vessels may result in increased operating costs and vessels off-hire, which could adversely affect our earnings.

All of our drybulk carriers, other than the Genco Augustus, Genco Tiberius, Genco Titus, Genco London, Genco Constantine, Genco Raptor, Genco Cavalier, Genco Thunder and Genco Hadrian, were previously owned by third parties.  Our current business strategy includes additional growth through the acquisition of previously owned vessels.  While we typically inspect previously owned vessels before purchase, this does not provide us with the same knowledge about their condition that we would have had if these vessels had been built for and operated exclusively by us.  Accordingly, we may not discover defects or other problems with such vessels before purchase.  Any such hidden defects or problems, when detected, may be expensive to repair, and if not detected, may result in accidents or other incidents for which we may become liable to third parties.  Also, when purchasing previously owned vessels, we do not receive the benefit of any builder warranties if the vessels we buy are older than one year.
 
 
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In general, the costs to maintain a vessel in good operating condition increase with the age of the vessel.  Older vessels are typically less fuel-efficient than more recently constructed vessels due to improvements in engine technology.

Governmental regulations, safety and other equipment standards related to the age of vessels may require expenditures for alterations or the addition of new equipment to some of our vessels and may restrict the type of activities in which these vessels may engage.  We cannot assure you that, as our vessels age, market conditions will justify those expenditures or enable us to operate our vessels profitably during the remainder of their useful lives.  As a result, regulations and standards could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, cash flows, financial condition and ability to pay dividends.
 
An increase in operating costs could adversely affect our cash flow and financial condition.
 
Our vessel operating expenses include the costs of crew, provisions, deck and engine stores, insurance and maintenance and repairs, which depend on a variety of factors, many of which are beyond our control.  Some of these costs, primarily relating to insurance and enhanced security measures implemented after September 11, 2001 and as a result of a recent increase in the frequency of acts of piracy, have been increasing.  In addition, to the extent we enter the spot charter market, we need to include the cost of bunkers as part of our voyage expenses.  The price of fuel may increase in the future.  If our vessels suffer damage, they may need to be repaired at a drydocking facility.  The costs of drydock repairs are unpredictable and can be substantial.  Increases in any of these costs could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, cash flows, financial condition and ability to pay dividends.

We depend to a significant degree upon third-party managers to provide the technical management of our fleet.  Any failure of these technical managers to perform their obligations to us could adversely affect our business.

We have contracted the technical management of our fleet, including crewing, maintenance and repair services, to third-party technical management companies.  The failure of these technical managers to perform their obligations could materially and adversely affect our business, results of operations, cash flows, financial condition and ability to pay dividends.  Although we may have rights against our third-party managers if they default on their obligations to us, our shareholders will share that recourse only indirectly to the extent that we recover funds.

In the highly competitive international drybulk shipping industry, we may not be able to compete for charters with new entrants or established companies with greater resources.
 
We employ our vessels in a highly competitive market that is capital intensive and highly fragmented.  Competition arises primarily from other vessel owners, some of whom have substantially greater resources than we do.  Competition for the transportation of drybulk cargoes can be intense and depends on price, location, size, age, condition and the acceptability of the vessel and its managers to the charterers.  Due in part to the highly fragmented market, competitors with greater resources could enter and operate larger fleets through consolidations or acquisitions that may be able to offer better prices and fleets than we are able to offer.

The aging of our fleet may result in increased operating costs in the future, which could adversely affect our earnings.
 
In general, the costs to maintain a drybulk carrier in good operating condition increase with the age of the vessel.  The average age of the vessels in our current fleet is approximately 6.5 years as of December 31, 2008.  Older vessels are typically less fuel-efficient and more costly to maintain than more recently constructed drybulk carriers due to improvements in engine technology.  Cargo insurance rates increase with the age of a vessel, making older vessels less desirable to charterers.

We are currently prohibited from paying dividends or repurchasing our stock, and it is unlikely this prohibition will be lifted until market conditions improve.  
 
 
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We recently agreed to an amendment to our 2007 Credit Facility that contained a waiver of the collateral maintenance requirement.  As a condition of this waiver, among other things, we agreed to suspend our cash dividends and share repurchases until such time as we can satisfy the collateral maintenance requirement.  Until market conditions which have resulted in a decline in the value of drybulk vessels improve, it is unlikely that we will be able to meet that condition to reinstate our cash dividends and share repurchases.

Even if we were able to satisfy the condition in our 2007 Credit Facility to reinstate the payment of cash dividends,  we would make dividend payments to our shareholders only if our board of directors, acting in its sole discretion, determines that such payments would be in our best interest and in compliance with relevant legal and contractual requirements.  The principal business factors that our board of directors considers when determining the timing and amount of dividend payments will be our earnings, financial condition and cash requirements at the time.    Marshall Islands law generally prohibits the declaration and payment of dividends other than from surplus.  Marshall Islands law also prohibits the declaration and payment of dividends while a company is insolvent or would be rendered insolvent by the payment of such a dividend.

We may incur other expenses or liabilities that would reduce or eliminate the cash available for distribution as dividends.  We may also enter into new agreements or the Marshall Islands or another jurisdiction may adopt laws or regulations that place additional restrictions on our ability to pay dividends.  If we do not pay dividends, the return on your investment would be limited to the price at which you could sell your shares.

We may not be able to grow or effectively manage our growth, which could cause us to incur additional indebtedness and other liabilities and adversely affect our business.

A principal focus of our business strategy is to grow by expanding our business.  Our future growth will depend on a number of factors, some of which we can control and some of which we cannot.  These factors include our ability to:

·  
identify vessels for acquisition;

·  
consummate acquisitions or establish joint ventures;

·  
integrate acquired vessels successfully with our existing operations;

·  
expand our customer base; and

·  
obtain required financing for our existing and new operations.

Growing any business by acquisition presents numerous risks, including undisclosed liabilities and obligations, difficulty obtaining additional qualified personnel, managing relationships with customers and suppliers and integrating newly acquired operations into existing infrastructures.  Future acquisitions could result in the incurrence of additional indebtedness and liabilities that could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, cash flows, financial condition and ability to pay dividends.  In addition, competition from other buyers for vessels could reduce our acquisition opportunities or cause us to pay a higher price than we might otherwise pay.  We cannot assure you that we will be successful in executing our growth plans or that we will not incur significant expenses and losses in connection with these plans.

Restrictive covenants in our 2007 Credit Facility may impose financial and other restrictions on us which could negatively impact our growth and adversely affect our operations.

Our ability to borrow amounts under our 2007 Credit Facility are subject to the satisfaction of certain customary conditions precedent and compliance with terms and conditions included in the related credit documents.  It is a
 
 
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condition precedent to each drawdown under the facility that the aggregate fair market value of the mortgaged vessels must at all times be at least 130% of the aggregate outstanding principal amount under the credit facility plus all letters of credit outstanding (determined on a pro forma basis giving effect to the amount proposed to be drawn down), although this condition is currently subject to a waiver as noted above.  To the extent that we are not able to satisfy these requirements, we may not be able to draw down the full amount under our 2007 Credit Facility without obtaining a further waiver or consent from the lenders.  In addition, the covenants in our 2007 Credit Facility include the following requirements:

  
The leverage covenant requires the maximum average net debt to EBITDA to be ratio of at least 5.5:1.0;
 
  
cash and cash equivalents must not be less than $0.5 million per mortgaged vessel;
 
  
the ratio of EBITDA to interest expense, on a rolling last four-quarter basis, must be no less than 2.0:1.0;
and

· 
after July 20, 2007, consolidated net worth must be no less than $263.3 million plus 80% of the value of any new equity issuances of the Company from June 30, 2007.  Based on the equity offerings completed in October 2007 and May 2008, consolidated net worth must be no less than $590.8 million.

We cannot assure you that we will be able to comply with these covenants in the future.

Our 2007 Credit Facility imposes operating and financial restrictions on us.  These restrictions may limit our ability to:

·  
incur additional indebtedness on satisfactory terms or at all;

·  
incur liens on our assets;

·  
sell our vessels or the capital stock of our subsidiaries;

·  
make investments;

·  
engage in mergers or acquisitions;

·  
pay dividends (following an event of default or our breach of a covenant) in the event we are able to resume dividend payments under the waiver of our collateral maintenance covenant which is currently in effect);
 
·  
make capital expenditures;

·  
compete effectively to the extent our competitors are subject to less onerous financial restrictions; and

· 
change the management of our vessels or terminate or materially amend the management agreement relating to any of our vessels.

Therefore, we may need to seek permission from our lenders in order to engage in some corporate actions.  Our lenders' interests may be different from ours, and we cannot guarantee that we will be able to obtain our lenders' permission when needed.  This may prevent us from taking actions that are in our best interest and from executing our business strategy of growth through acquisitions and may restrict or limit our ability to pay dividends and finance our future operations.
 
 
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We currently maintain all of our cash with one financial institution, which subjects us to credit risk.

We currently maintain all of our cash with one financial institution.  None of our balances are covered by insurance in the event of default by this financial institution.  The occurrence of such a default could therefore have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

If we are unable to fund our capital expenditures, we may not be able to continue to operate some of our vessels, which would have a material adverse effect on our business and our ability to pay dividends.

In order to fund our capital expenditures, we may be required to incur borrowings or raise capital through the sale of debt or equity securities.  Our ability to borrow money and access the capital markets through future offerings may be limited by our financial condition at the time of any such offering as well as by adverse market conditions resulting from, among other things, general economic conditions and contingencies and uncertainties that are beyond our control.  Our failure to obtain the funds for necessary future capital expenditures would limit our ability to continue to operate some of our vessels and could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition, cash flows and ability to pay dividends.  Even if we are successful in obtaining such funds through financings, the terms of such financings could further limit our ability to pay dividends.

We are a holding company, and we depend on the ability of our subsidiaries to distribute funds to us in order to satisfy our financial obligations or to make dividend payments.

We are a holding company, and our subsidiaries, which are all wholly owned by us, either directly or indirectly, conduct all of our operations and own all of our operating assets.  We have no significant assets other than the equity interests in our wholly owned subsidiaries.  As a result, our ability to satisfy our financial obligations and to pay dividends to our shareholders depends on the ability of our subsidiaries to distribute funds to us.  In turn, the ability of our subsidiaries to make dividend payments to us will be dependent on them having profits available for distribution and, to the extent that we are unable to obtain dividends from our subsidiaries, this will limit the discretion of our board of directors to pay or recommend the payment of dividends.

Our ability to obtain additional debt financing may depend on the performance of our then existing charters and the creditworthiness of our charterers.

The actual or perceived credit quality of our charterers, and any defaults by them, may materially affect our ability to obtain the additional capital resources that may be required to purchase additional vessels or may significantly increase our costs of obtaining such capital.  Our inability to obtain additional financing at all or at a higher than anticipated cost may have a material adverse affect on our business, results of operations, cash flows, financial condition and ability to pay dividends.

If management is unable to continue to provide reports as to the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting or our independent registered public accounting firm is unable to continue to provide us with  unqualified attestation reports as to the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting, investors could lose confidence in the reliability of our financial statements, which could result in a decrease in the value of our common stock.

Under Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, we are required to include in this and each of our future annual reports on Form 10-K a report containing our management's assessment of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting and a related attestation of our independent registered public accounting firm.  If, in future annual reports on Form 10-K, our management cannot provide a report as to the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting or our independent registered public accounting firm is unable to provide us with an unqualified attestation report as to the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as required by Section 404, investors could lose confidence in the reliability of our financial statements, which could result in a decrease in the value of our common stock.
 
 
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If we are unable to operate our financial and operations systems effectively or to recruit suitable employees as we expand our fleet, our performance may be adversely affected.

Our current financial and operating systems may not be adequate as we implement our plan to expand the size of our fleet, and our attempts to improve those systems may be ineffective.  In addition, as we expand our fleet, we will have to rely on our outside technical managers to recruit suitable additional seafarers and shore-based administrative and management personnel.  We cannot assure you that our outside technical managers will be able to continue to hire suitable employees as we expand our fleet.

We may be unable to attract and retain key management personnel and other employees in the shipping industry, which may negatively affect the effectiveness of our management and our results of operations.

Our success depends to a significant extent upon the abilities and efforts of our management team and our ability to hire and retain key members of our management team.  The loss of any of these individuals could adversely affect our business prospects and financial condition.  Difficulty in hiring and retaining personnel could have a material adverse effect our business, results of operations, cash flows, financial condition and ability to pay dividends.  We do not intend to maintain "key man" life insurance on any of our officers.
 
We may not have adequate insurance to compensate us if we lose our vessels or to compensate third parties.
 
There are a number of risks associated with the operation of ocean-going vessels, including mechanical failure, collision, human error, war, terrorism, piracy, property loss, cargo loss or damage and business interruption due to political circumstances in foreign countries, hostilities and labor strikes.  Any of these events may result in loss of revenues, increased costs and decreased cash flows.  In addition, the operation of any vessel is subject to the inherent possibility of marine disaster, including oil spills and other environmental mishaps, and the liabilities arising from owning and operating vessels in international trade.
 
We are insured against tort claims and some contractual claims (including claims related to environmental damage and pollution) through memberships in protection and indemnity associations or clubs, or P&I Associations.  As a result of such membership, the P&I Associations provide us coverage for such tort and contractual claims.  We also carry hull and machinery insurance and war risk insurance for our fleet.  We insure our vessels for third-party liability claims subject to and in accordance with the rules of the P&I Associations in which the vessels are entered.  We currently maintain insurance against loss of hire, which covers business interruptions that result in the loss of use of a vessel.  We can give no assurance that we will be adequately insured against all risks.  We may not be able to obtain adequate insurance coverage for our fleet in the future.  The insurers may not pay particular claims.  Our insurance policies contain deductibles for which we will be responsible and limitations and exclusions which may increase our costs or lower our revenue.
 
We cannot assure you that we will be able to renew our insurance policies on the same or commercially reasonable terms, or at all, in the future.  For example, more stringent environmental regulations have led in the past to increased costs for, and in the future may result in the lack of availability of, protection and indemnity insurance against risks of environmental damage or pollution.  Any uninsured or underinsured loss could harm our business, results of operations, cash flows, financial condition and ability to pay dividends.  In addition, our insurance may be voidable by the insurers as a result of certain of our actions, such as our ships failing to maintain certification with applicable maritime self-regulatory organizations.  Further, we cannot assure you that our insurance policies will cover all losses that we incur, or that disputes over insurance claims will not arise with our insurance carriers.  Any claims covered by insurance would be subject to deductibles, and since it is possible that a large number of claims may be brought, the aggregate amount of these deductibles could be material.  In addition, our insurance policies are subject to limitations and exclusions, which may increase our costs or lower our revenues, thereby possibly having a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, cash flows, financial condition and ability to pay dividends.
 
 
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We are subject to funding calls by our protection and indemnity associations, and our associations may not have enough resources to cover claims made against them.

We are indemnified for legal liabilities incurred while operating our vessels through membership in P&I Associations.  P&I Associations are mutual insurance associations whose members must contribute to cover losses sustained by other association members.  The objective of a P&I Association is to provide mutual insurance based on the aggregate tonnage of a member's vessels entered into the association.  Claims are paid through the aggregate premiums of all members of the association, although members remain subject to calls for additional funds if the aggregate premiums are insufficient to cover claims submitted to the association.  Claims submitted to the association may include those incurred by members of the association, as well as claims submitted to the association from other P&I Associations with which our P&I Association has entered into interassociation agreements.  We cannot assure you that the P&I Associations to which we belong will remain viable or that we will not become subject to additional funding calls which could adversely affect us.

We may have to pay U.S. tax on U.S. source income, which would reduce our net income and cash flows.
 
If we do not qualify for an exemption pursuant to Section 883 of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or the Code, which we refer to as Section 883, then we will be subject to U.S. federal income tax on our shipping income that is derived from U.S. sources.  If we are subject to such tax, our net income and cash flows would be reduced by the amount of such tax.
 
We will qualify for exemption under Section 883 if, among other things, our stock is treated as primarily and regularly traded on an established securities market in the United States.  Under applicable Treasury regulations, we may not satisfy this publicly traded requirement in any taxable year in which 50% or more of our stock is owned for more than half the days in such year by persons who actually or constructively own 5% or more of our stock, which we sometimes refer to as 5% shareholders.
 
We believe that, based on the ownership of our stock in 2008, we satisfied the publicly traded requirement for 2008.  However, if 5% shareholders were to own more than 50% of our common stock for more than half the days of any future taxable year, we may not be eligible to claim exemption from tax under Section 883 for such taxable year.  We can provide no assurance that changes and shifts in the ownership of our stock by 5% shareholders will not preclude us from qualifying for exemption from tax in 2009 or in future years.
 
If we do not qualify for the Section 883 exemption, our shipping income derived from U.S. sources, or 50% of our gross shipping income attributable to transportation beginning or ending in the United States, would be subject to a 4% tax without allowance for deductions.
 
U.S. tax authorities could treat us as a “passive foreign investment company,” which could have adverse U.S. federal income tax consequences to U.S. shareholders.
 
A foreign corporation generally will be treated as a “passive foreign investment company,” which we sometimes refer to as a PFIC, for U.S. federal income tax purposes if either (1) at least 75% of its gross income for any taxable year consists of “passive income” or (2) at least 50% of its assets (averaged over the year and generally determined based upon value) produce or are held for the production of “passive income.”  U.S. shareholders of a PFIC are subject to a disadvantageous U.S. federal income tax regime with respect to distributions they receive from the PFIC and gain, if any, they derive from the sale or other disposition of their stock in the PFIC.
 
For purposes of these tests, “passive income” generally includes dividends, interest, gains from the sale or exchange of investment property and rents and royalties other than rents and royalties which are received from unrelated parties in connection with the active conduct of a trade or business, as defined in applicable Treasury regulations.  For purposes of these tests, income derived from the performance of services does not constitute “passive income.” By
 
 
36

 
contrast, rental income would generally constitute passive income unless we were treated under specific rules as deriving our rental income in the active conduct of a trade or business.  We do not believe that our existing operations would cause us to be deemed a PFIC with respect to any taxable year.  In this regard, we treat the gross income we derive or are deemed to derive from our time and spot chartering activities as services income, rather than rental income.  Accordingly, we believe that (1) our income from our time and spot chartering activities does not constitute passive income and (2) the assets that we own and operate in connection with the production of that income do not constitute passive assets.
 
There is, however, no direct legal authority under the PFIC rules addressing our method of operation.  Accordingly, no assurance can be given that the U.S. Internal Revenue Service, which we sometimes refer to as the IRS, or a court of law will accept our position, and there is a risk that the IRS or a court of law could determine that we are a PFIC.  Moreover, because there are uncertainties in the application of the PFIC rules, because the PFIC test is an annual test, and because, although we intend to manage our business so as to avoid PFIC status to the extent consistent with our other business goals, there could be changes in the nature and extent of our operations in future years, there can be no assurance that we will not become a PFIC in any taxable year.
 
If we were to be treated as a PFIC for any taxable year (and regardless of whether we remain a PFIC for subsequent taxable years), our U.S. shareholders would face adverse U.S. tax consequences.  Under the PFIC rules, unless a shareholder makes certain elections available under the Code (which elections could themselves have adverse consequences for such shareholder), such shareholder would be liable to pay U.S. federal income tax at the highest applicable income tax rates on ordinary income upon the receipt of excess distributions and upon any gain from the disposition of our common stock, plus interest on such amounts, as if such excess distribution or gain had been recognized ratably over the shareholder’s holding period of our common stock.
 
Because we generate all of our revenues in U.S. dollars but incur a portion of our expenses in other currencies, exchange rate fluctuations could hurt our results of operations.

We generate all of our revenues in U.S. dollars, but we may incur drydocking costs and special survey fees in other currencies.  If our expenditures on such costs and fees were significant, and the U.S. dollar were weak against such currencies, our business, results of operations, cash flows, financial condition and ability to pay dividends could be adversely affected.

RISK FACTORS RELATED TO OUR COMMON STOCK

Peter Georgiopoulos owns a large portion of our outstanding common stock, which may limit your ability to influence our actions.

As of March 2, 2009 Peter C. Georgiopoulos, our Chairman, owned approximately 13.29% of our common stock directly or through Fleet Acquisition LLC.  As a result of this share ownership and for so long as he owns a significant percentage of our outstanding common stock, Mr. Georgiopoulos will be able to influence the outcome of any shareholder vote, including the election of directors, the adoption or amendment of provisions in our articles of incorporation or bylaws and possible mergers, corporate control contests and other significant corporate transactions.  This concentration of ownership may have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change in control, merger, consolidation, takeover or other business combination involving us.  This concentration of ownership could also discourage a potential acquirer from making a tender offer or otherwise attempting to obtain control of us, which could in turn have an adverse effect on the market price of our common stock.
 
 
 
37

 
 
Because we are a foreign corporation, you may not have the same rights or protections that a stockholder in a United States corporation may have.
 
We are incorporated in the Marshall Islands, which does not have a well-developed body of corporate law and may make it more difficult for our shareholders to protect their interests.  Our corporate affairs are governed by our amended and restated articles of incorporation and bylaws and the Marshall Islands Business Corporations Act, or BCA.  The provisions of the BCA resemble provisions of the corporation laws of a number of states in the United States.  The rights and fiduciary responsibilities of directors under the law of the Marshall Islands are not as clearly established as the rights and fiduciary responsibilities of directors under statutes or judicial precedent in existence in certain U.S. jurisdictions and there have been few judicial cases in the Marshall Islands interpreting the BCA.  Shareholder rights may differ as well.  While the BCA does specifically incorporate the non-statutory law, or judicial case law, of the State of Delaware and other states with substantially similar legislative provisions, our public shareholders may have more difficulty in protecting their interests in the face of actions by the management, directors or controlling shareholders than would shareholders of a corporation incorporated in a U.S. jurisdiction.  Therefore, you may have more difficulty in protecting your interests as a stockholder in the face of actions by the management, directors or controlling stockholders than would stockholders of a corporation incorporated in a United States jurisdiction.

Provisions of our Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation and Bylaws may have anti-takeover effects which could adversely affect the market price of our common stock.

Several provisions of our amended and restated articles of incorporation and bylaws, which are summarized below, may have anti-takeover effects.  These provisions are intended to avoid costly takeover battles, lessen our vulnerability to a hostile change of control and enhance the ability of our board of directors to maximize shareholder value in connection with any unsolicited offer to acquire our company.  However, these anti-takeover provisions could also discourage, delay or prevent (1) the merger or acquisition of our company by means of a tender offer, a proxy contest or otherwise that a shareholder may consider in its best interest and (2) the removal of incumbent officers and directors.

Blank Check Preferred Stock.

Under the terms of our amended and restated articles of incorporation, our board of directors has the authority, without any further vote or action by our shareholders, to authorize our issuance of up to 25,000,000 shares of blank check preferred stock.  Our board of directors may issue shares of preferred stock on terms calculated to discourage, delay or prevent a change of control of our company or the removal of our management.

Classified Board of Directors.

Our amended and restated articles of incorporation provide for the division of our board of directors into three classes of directors, with each class as nearly equal in number as possible, serving staggered, three-year terms beginning upon the expiration of the initial term for each class.  Approximately one-third of our board of directors is elected each year.  This classified board provision could discourage a third party from making a tender offer for our shares or attempting to obtain control of us.  It could also delay shareholders who do not agree with the policies of our board of directors from removing a majority of our board of directors for up to two years.

Election and Removal of Directors.

Our amended and restated articles of incorporation prohibit cumulative voting in the election of directors.  Our bylaws require parties other than the board of directors to give advance written notice of nominations for the election of directors.  Our articles of incorporation also provide that our directors may be removed only for cause and only upon the affirmative vote of 662/3% of the outstanding shares of our capital stock entitled to vote for those directors or by a majority of the members of the board of directors then in office.  These provisions may discourage, delay or prevent the removal of incumbent officers and directors.
 
 
38


Limited Actions by Shareholders.

Our amended and restated articles of incorporation and our bylaws provide that any action required or permitted to be taken by our shareholders must be effected at an annual or special meeting of shareholders or by the unanimous written consent of our shareholders.  Our amended and restated articles of incorporation and our bylaws provide that, subject to certain exceptions, our Chairman, President, or Secretary at the direction of the board of directors may call special meetings of our shareholders and the business transacted at the special meeting is limited to the purposes stated in the notice.

Advance Notice Requirements for Shareholder Proposals and Director Nominations.

Our bylaws provide that shareholders seeking to nominate candidates for election as directors or to bring business before an annual meeting of shareholders must provide timely notice of their proposal in writing to the corporate secretary.  Generally, to be timely, a shareholder's notice must be received at our principal executive offices not less than 150 days nor more than 180 days before the date on which we first mailed our proxy materials for the preceding year's annual meeting.  Our bylaws also specify requirements as to the form and content of a shareholder's notice.  These provisions may impede shareholder's ability to bring matters before an annual meeting of shareholders or make nominations for directors at an annual meeting of shareholders.

It may not be possible for our investors to enforce U.S. judgments against us.

We are incorporated in the Republic of the Marshall Islands and most of our subsidiaries are also organized in the Marshall Islands.  Substantially all of our assets and those of our subsidiaries are located outside the United States.  As a result, it may be difficult or impossible for United States stockholders to serve process within the United States upon us or to enforce judgment upon us for civil liabilities in United States courts.  In addition, you should not assume that courts in the countries in which we are incorporated or where our assets are located (1) would enforce judgments of United States courts obtained in actions against us based upon the civil liability provisions of applicable United States federal and state securities laws or (2) would enforce, in original actions, liabilities against us based upon these laws.

Future sales of our common stock could cause the market price of our common stock to decline.

The market price of our common stock could decline due to sales of a large number of shares in the market, including sales of shares by our large shareholders, or the perception that these sales could occur.  These sales could also make it more difficult or impossible for us to sell equity securities in the future at a time and price that we deem appropriate to raise funds through future offerings of common stock.  We have entered into a registration rights agreement with Fleet Acquisition LLC that entitles it to have all the shares of our common stock that it owns registered for sale in the public market under the Securities Act and, pursuant to the registration rights agreement, registered Fleet Acquisition LLC’s shares on a registration statement on Form S-3 in February 2007.  We also registered on Form S-8 an aggregate of 2,000,000 shares issued or issuable under our equity compensation plan.

Future issuances of our common stock could dilute our shareholders’ interests in our company.

We may, from time to time, issue additional shares of common stock to support our growth strategy, reduce debt or provide us with capital for other purposes that our board of directors believes to be in our best interest.  To the extent that an existing shareholder does not purchase additional shares that we may issue, that shareholder’s interest in our company will be diluted, which means that its percentage of ownership in our company will be reduced.  Following such a reduction, that shareholder’s common stock would represent a smaller percentage of the vote in our board of directors’ elections and other shareholder decisions.  In addition, if additional shares are issued, depending on the circumstances, our dividends per share could be reduced.
 
 
39



ITEM 1B.  UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

Not applicable.

ITEM 2.  PROPERTIES

We do not own any real property.  In September 2005, we entered into a 15-year lease for office space in New York, New York.  The monthly rental is as follows:  Free rent from September 1, 2005 to July 31, 2006, forty thousand dollars per month from August 1, 2006 to August 31, 2010, forty-three thousand dollars per month from September 1, 2010 to August 31, 2015, and forty-six thousand dollars per month from September 1, 2015 to August 31, 2020.  The monthly straight-line rental expense from September 1, 2005 to August 31, 2020 is thirty-nine thousand dollars.  We have the option to extend the lease for a period of five years from September 1, 2020 to August 31, 2025.  The rent for the renewal period will be based on the prevailing market rate for the six months prior to the commencement date of the extension term.
 
Future minimum rental payments on the above lease for the next five years and thereafter are as follows:  $0.5 million per year for 2009, $0.5 million for 2010, $0.5 million for 2011 through 2013 and a total of $3.6 million for the remaining term of the lease.

For a description of our vessels, see “Our Fleet” in Item 1, "Business” in this report.

We consider each of our significant properties to be suitable for its intended use.

ITEM 3.  LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

    The Genco Cavalier, a 2007-built Supramax vessel, was on charter to Samsun Logix Corporation, which the Company understands has filed for the equivalent of bankruptcy protection in South Korea, otherwise referred to as a rehabilitation application. Charter hire for the Genco Cavalier has been received up until January 30, 2009. The Company is expecting the decision of the South Korean courts regarding the acceptance or rejection of the rehabilitation application to be made on or about March 6, 2009. The Company has commenced arbitration proceedings in the United Kingdom for damages related to non-performance of Samsun under the time charter agreement. As a result of the non-payment of hire, the Company may seek to withdraw the vessel from this contract.

Except as described above, we have not been involved in any legal proceedings which we believe are likely to have, or have had a significant effect on our business, financial position, results of operations or cash flows, nor are we aware of any proceedings that are pending or threatened which we believe are likely to have a significant effect on our business, financial position, results of operations or liquidity.  From time to time, we may be subject to legal proceedings and claims in the ordinary course of business, principally personal injury and property casualty claims.  We expect that these claims would be covered by insurance, subject to customary deductibles.  Those claims, even if lacking merit, could result in the expenditure of significant financial and managerial resources.


ITEM 4.  SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS

No matter was submitted to a vote of security holders, through the solicitation of proxies or otherwise, during the fourth quarter of the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008.



40



PART II

ITEM 5.  MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
 
MARKET INFORMATION, HOLDERS AND DIVIDENDS

Our common stock is traded on the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) under the symbol “GNK.”  Trading of our common stock on the NYSE commenced April 11, 2007.  Previously, our common stock was traded on the NASDAQ under the symbol “GSTL” from our initial public offering on July 22, 2005 through April 10, 2007.  The following table sets forth for the periods indicated the high and low prices for the common stock as reported by the NYSE and NASDAQ:

FISCAL YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2008
 
HIGH
 
LOW
1st Quarter
 
$
64.35
 
$
33.39
2nd Quarter
 
$
84.51
 
$
51.00
3rd Quarter
 
$
69.40
 
$
29.50
4th Quarter
 
$
33.21
6
$
6.43

FISCAL YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2007
 
HIGH
 
LOW
1st Quarter
 
$
33.49
 
$
27.29
2nd Quarter
 
$
42.47
 
$
30.65
3rd Quarter
 
$
68.97
 
$
40.82
4th Quarter
 
$
78.08
 
$
50.54

As of December 31, 2008, there were approximately 92 holders of record of our common stock.

During October 2007, the Company closed on an equity offering of 3,358,209 shares of Genco common stock (with the exercise of the underwriters’ over-allotment option) at an offering price of $67 per share.  The Company received net proceeds of approximately $213.9 million after deducting underwriters’ fees and expenses.

During May 2008, the Company closed on an equity offering of 2,702,669 shares of Genco common stock at an offering price of $75.47 per share.  The Company received net proceeds of approximately $195.4 million after deducting underwriters’ fees and expenses.

Until January 26, 2009, our dividend policy was to declare quarterly distributions to shareholders, which commenced in November 2005, by each February, May, August and November substantially equal to our available cash from operations during the previous quarter, less cash expenses for that quarter (principally vessel operating expenses and debt service) and any reserves our board of directors determined we should maintain.  These reserves covered, among other things, drydocking, repairs, claims, liabilities and other obligations, interest expense and debt amortization, acquisitions of additional assets and working capital.  Under the terms of an amendment to our 2007 Credit Facility (discussed in the “Liquidity and Capital Resources” section of “Management’s Discussion & Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in this report), we have suspended payment of cash dividends indefinitely beginning the quarter ended December 31, 2008.  We will be able to reinstate our cash dividends only when can represent to the lenders under our 2007 Credit Facility that we are in a position to again satisfy the collateral maintenance covenant of the 2007 Credit Facility.  The following table summarizes the dividends declared based on the results of the respective fiscal quarter:
 
 
 
41



   
Dividend per share
   
Declaration date
 
FISCAL YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2008
           
4th Quarter
 
$
      N/A  
3rd Quarter
 
$
1.00    
10/23/08
 
2nd Quarter
 
$
1.00    
7/24/08
 
1st Quarter
 
$
1.00    
4/29/08
 
FISCAL YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2007
               
4th Quarter
 
$
0.85    
2/13/08
 
3rd Quarter
 
$
0.66    
10/25/07
 
2nd Quarter
 
$
0.66    
7/26/07
 
1st Quarter
 
$
0.66    
4/26/07
 
                 

EQUITY COMPENSATION PLAN INFORMATION

The following table provides information as of December 31, 2008 regarding the number of shares of our common stock that may be issued under the 2005 Equity Incentive Plan, which is our sole equity compensation plan:
 
Plan category
 
Number of securities to
be issued upon exercise
of outstanding options,
warrants and rights
(a)
   
Weighted-average exercise
price of outstanding
options, warrants and
rights
(b)
   
Number of securities
remaining available for
future issuance under
equity compensation plans
(excluding securities
reflected in column (a))
(c)
 
                   
Equity compensation 
plans approved by security
holders
        $       1,329,900  
Equity compensation
plans not approved by 
security holders
                 
Total                                          —       1,329,900  
                         
 
SHARE REPURCHASE PROGRAM

Refer to the “Share Repurchase Program” section of Item 7 for a summary of the share repurchases made during 2008 pursuant to the Share Repurchase Program.




42

 

 
ITEM 6.  SELECTED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL AND OTHER DATA
 
                            Financial Data
 
   
 
For the years ended December 31,
   
For the period from
September 27, 2004 to
December 31,
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2006
   
  2005 (1)
   
2004 (1)
 
Income Statement Data:
                             
(U.S. dollars in thousands except for share and per share amounts)
                             
Revenues
    $ 405,370       $185,387       $133,232       $116,906       $1,887  
                                         
Operating Expenses:
                                       
Voyage expenses
    5,116       5,100       4,710       4,287       44  
Vessel operating expenses
    47,130       27,622       20,903       15,135       141  
General and administrative expenses
    17,027       12,610       8,882       4,937       113  
Management fees
    2,787       1,654       1,439       1,479       27  
Depreciation and amortization
    71,395       34,378       26,978       22,322       421  
Loss on forfeiture of vessel deposits
    53,765       -       -       -       -  
Gain on sale of vessels
    (26,227 )     (27,047 )     -       -       -  
                                         
Total operating expenses
    170,993       54,317       62,912       48,160       746  
                                         
Operating income
    234,377       131,070       70,320       68,746       1,141  
Other (expense) income
    (147,797 )     (24,261 )     (6,798 )     (14,264 )     (234 )
                                         
Net income
    $86,580       $106,809       $63,522       $54,482       $907  
                                         
Earnings per share - Basic
    $2.86       $4.08       $2.51       $2.91       $0.07  
Earnings per share - Diluted
    $2.84       $4.06       $2.51       $2.90       $0.07  
Dividends declared and paid per share 
    $3.85       $2.64       $2.40       $0.60       -  
Weighted average common shares outstanding - Basic
    30,290,016       26,165,600       25,278,726       18,751,726       13,500,000  
Weighted average common shares outstanding - Diluted
    30,452,850       26,297,521       25,351,297       18,755,195       13,500,000
 
 
                                         
Balance Sheet Data:
                                       
(U.S. dollars in thousands, at end of period)
                                       
Cash and cash equivalents
    $124,956       $71,496       $73,554       $46,912       $7,431  
Total assets
    1,990,006       1,653,272       578,262       489,958       201,628  
Total debt (current and long-term)
    1,173,300       936,000       211,933       130,683       125,766  
Total shareholders’ equity
    696,478       622,185       353,533       348,242       73,374  
Other Data:
                                       
(U.S. dollars in thousands)
                                       
Net cash flow provided by operating activities
    $267,416       $120,862       $90,068       $88,230       $2,718  
Net cash flow used in investing activities
    (514,288 )     (984,350 )     (82,840 )     (268,072 )     (189,414 )
Net cash provided by financing activities
    300,332       861,430       19,414       219,323       194,127  
                                         
EBITDA (2)
    $208,807       $164,183       $97,406       $91,068       $1,562  
 
 
 
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(1)  
On July 18, 2005, prior to the closing of the public offering of our common stock, our board of directors and stockholder approved a split (in the form of a stock dividend, giving effect to a 27,000:1 common stock split) of our common stock.  All share and per share amounts relating to common stock, included in the accompanying consolidated financial statements and footnotes, have been restated to reflect the stock split for all periods presented.
 
(2)  
EBITDA represents net income plus net interest expense and depreciation and amortization.  EBITDA is included because it is used by management and certain investors as a measure of operating performance. EBITDA is used by analysts in the shipping industry as a common performance measure to compare results across peers.  Our management uses EBITDA as a performance measure in our consolidating internal financial statements, and it is presented for review at our board meetings.  The Company believes that EBITDA is useful to investors as the shipping industry is capital intensive which often results in significant depreciation and cost of financing.  EBITDA presents investors with a measure in addition to net income to evaluate the Company’s performance prior to these costs.  EBITDA is not an item recognized by U.S. GAAP and should not be considered as an alternative to net income, operating income or any other indicator of a company’s operating performance required by U.S. GAAP.  EBITDA is not a source of liquidity or cash flows as shown in our consolidated statement of cash flows.  The definition of EBITDA used here may not be comparable to that used by other companies.  The following table demonstrates our calculation of EBITDA and provides a reconciliation of EBITDA to net income for each of the periods presented above:
 
   
 
 
 
For the years ended December 31,
   
For the period
from September 27, 2004 to
December 31,
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2006
   
2005
   
2004
 
                                                     (U.S. dollars in thousands except for per share amounts)
 
Net income
    $86,580       $106,809       $63,522       $54,482       $907  
Net interest expense
    50,832       22,996       6,906       14,264       234  
Depreciation and amortization
    71,395       34,378       26,978       22,322       421  
                                         
EBITDA
    $208,807       $164,183       $97,406       $91,068       $1,562  

 
ITEM 7.  MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

General
 
We are a Marshall Islands company incorporated in September 2004 to transport iron ore, coal, grain, steel products and other drybulk cargoes along worldwide shipping routes through the ownership and operation of drybulk carrier vessels.  As of  February 26, 2009, our fleet consisted of six Capesize, eight Panamax, four Supramax, six Handymax and eight Handysize drybulk carriers, with an aggregate carrying capacity of approximately 2,396,500 dwt, and the average age of our fleet was approximately 6.5 years at December 31, 2008, as compared to the average age for the world fleet of approximately 15 years for the drybulk shipping segments in which we compete.  Most of the vessels in our fleet are on time charters to well known charterers, including Lauritzen Bulkers, Cargill, NYK Europe, Pacbasin, STX, Cosco, and HMMC.  As of February 26, 2009, 29 of the 32 vessels in our fleet are presently engaged under time charter contracts that expire (assuming the option periods in the time charters are not exercised) between March 2009 and October 2012,
 
 
 
44

 
and three of our vessels are currently operating in vessel pools.  See page 6 for a table indicated the delivery dates of all vessels currently in our fleet.

We intend to acquire additional modern, high-quality drybulk carriers through timely and selective acquisitions of vessels in a manner that is accretive to our cash flow.  We expect to fund acquisitions of additional vessels using cash reserves set aside for this purpose, additional borrowings and may consider additional debt and equity financing alternatives from time to time.

Our management team and our other employees are responsible for the commercial and strategic management of our fleet.  Commercial management includes the negotiation of charters for vessels, managing the mix of various types of charters, such as time charters and voyage charters, and monitoring the performance of our vessels under their charters.  Strategic management includes locating, purchasing, financing and selling vessels.  We currently contract with three independent technical managers, to provide technical management of our fleet at a lower cost than we believe would be possible in-house.  Technical management involves the day-to-day management of vessels, including performing routine maintenance, attending to vessel operations and arranging for crews and supplies.  Members of our New York City-based management team oversee the activities of our independent technical managers.
 
The Genco Cavalier, a 2007-built Supramax vessel, was on charter to Samsun Logix Corporation, which the Company understands has filed for the equivalent of bankruptcy protection in South Korea, otherwise referred to as a rehabilitation application. Charter hire for the Genco Cavalier has been received up until January 30, 2009. The Company is expecting the decision of the South Korean courts regarding the acceptance or rejection of the rehabilitation application to be made on or about March 6, 2009. The Company has commenced arbitration proceedings in the United Kingdom for damages related to non-performance of Samsun under the time charter agreement. As a result of the non-payment of hire, the Company may seek to withdraw the vessel from this contract.  Also, on February 8, 2009, while the vessel was at safe anchorage in Singapore, it was involved in a minor collision caused by another vessel in its vicinity. No injuries or pollution from either vessel have been reported, but we expect the vessel will incur approximately 14 days of offhire for repairs arising from the event. The Company is in the process of filing a claim for the full amount of the damages as well as any offhire time related to the collision against the other vessel’s owner.
 
Year ended December 31, 2008 compared to the year ended December 31, 2007
 
        Factors Affecting Our Results of Operations
 
We believe that the following table reflects important measures for analyzing trends in our results of operations.  The table reflects our ownership days, available days, operating days, fleet utilization, TCE rates and daily vessel operating expenses for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007.

 

45

 

 
 
For the years ended December 31,
 
Increase
     
 
2008
 
2007
 
(Decrease)
 
% Change
 
                 
Fleet Data:
               
Ownership days (1)
               
Capesize
  1,781.6     403.5     1,378.1     341.5 %
Panamax
  2,541.3     2,555.0     (13.7 )   (0.5 %)
Supramax
  1,265.5     37.3     1,228.2     3,292.8 %
Handymax
  2,196.0     2,578.3     (382.3 )   (14.8 %)
Handysize
  2,926.4     1,860.0     1,066.4     57.3 %
                         
Total
  10,710.8     7,434.1     3,276.7     44.1 %
                         
Available days (2)
                       
Capesize
  1,780.8     396.8     1,384.0     348.8 %
Panamax
  2,478.5     2,535.5     (57.0 )   (2.2 %)
Supramax
  1,263.6     32.0     1,231.6     3,848.8 %
Handymax
  2,196.0     2,502.5     (306.5 )   (12.2 %)
Handysize
  2,863.0     1,847.2     1,015.8     55.0 %
                         
Total
  10,581.9     7,314.0     3,267.9     44.7 %
                         
Operating days (3)
                       
Capesize
  1,780.5     396.8     1,383.7     348.7 %
Panamax
  2,425.8     2,473.5     (47.7 )   (1.9 %)
Supramax
  1,215.7     32.0     1,183.7     3,699.1 %
Handymax
  2,180.8     2,483.7     (302.9 )   (12.2 %)
Handysize
  2,857.9     1,833.8     1,024.1     55.8 %
                         
Total
  10,460.7     7,219.9     3,240.8     44.9 %
                         
Fleet  utilization (4)
                       
Capesize
  100.0 %   100.0 %   0.0 %   0.0 %
Panamax
  97.9 %   97.6 %   0.3 %   0.3 %
Supramax
  96.2 %   100.0 %   (3.8 %)   (3.8 %)
Handymax
  99.3 %   99.3 %   0.0 %   0.0 %
Handysize
  99.8 %   99.3 %   0.5 %   0.5 %
Fleet average
  98.9 %   98.7 %   0.2 %   0.2 %
 
 

46



   
For the years ended December 31,
   
Increase
       
   
2008
   
2007
   
(Decrease)
   
% Change
 
(U.S. dollars)
                       
Average Daily Results:
                       
Time Charter Equivalent (5)
                       
Capesize
    $69,922       $68,377       $1,545       2.3 %
Panamax
    34,194       26,952       7,242       26.9 %
Supramax
    46,881       44,959       1,922       4.3 %
Handymax
    33,875       22,221       11,654       52.4 %
Handysize
    20,035       15,034       5,001       33.3 %
                                 
Fleet average
    37,824       24,650       13,174       53.4 %
                                 
Daily vessel operating expenses (6)
                               
Capesize
    $4,822       $4,190       $632       15.1 %
Panamax
    4,641       4,261       380       8.9 %
Supramax
    4,629       4,334       295       6.8 %
Handymax
    4,380       3,395       985       29.0 %
Handysize
    3,851       3,295       556       16.9 %
                                 
Fleet average
    4,400       3,716       684       18.4 %

 
(1)  We define ownership days as the aggregate number of days in a period during which each vessel in our fleet has been owned by us.  Ownership days are an indicator of the size of our fleet over a period and affect both the amount of revenues and the amount of expenses that we record during a period.
 
(2) We define available days as the number of our ownership days less the aggregate number of days that our vessels are off-hire due to scheduled repairs or repairs under guarantee, vessel upgrades or special surveys and the aggregate amount of time that we spend positioning our vessels.  Companies in the shipping industry generally use available days to measure the number of days in a period during which vessels should be capable of generating revenues.
 
(3)  We define operating days as the number of our available days in a period less the aggregate number of days that our vessels are off-hire due to unforeseen circumstances.  The shipping industry uses operating days to measure the aggregate number of days in a period during which vessels actually generate revenues.
 
(4)  We calculate fleet utilization by dividing the number of our operating days during a period by the number of our available days during the period.  The shipping industry uses fleet utilization to measure a company’s efficiency in finding suitable employment for its vessels and minimizing the number of days that its vessels are off-hire for reasons other than scheduled repairs or repairs under guarantee, vessel upgrades, special surveys or vessel positioning.
 
(5)  We define TCE rates as net voyage revenue (voyage revenues less voyage expenses) divided by the number of our available days during the period, which is consistent with industry standards.  TCE rate is a common shipping industry performance measure used primarily to compare daily earnings generated by vessels on time charters with daily earnings generated by vessels on voyage charters, because charterhire rates for vessels on voyage charters are generally not expressed in per-day amounts while charterhire rates for vessels on time charters generally are expressed in such amounts.
 
 
 
47

 
 
   
For the years ended December 31,
 
   
2008
   
2007
 
Income statement data
           
(U.S. dollars in thousands)
           
Voyage revenues
    $405,370       $185,387  
Voyage expenses
    5,116       5,100  
Net voyage revenue
    $400,254       $180,287  
                 
 
(6)  We define daily vessel operating expenses to include crew wages and related costs, the cost of insurance, expenses relating to repairs and maintenance (excluding drydocking), the costs of spares and consumable stores, tonnage taxes and other miscellaneous expenses.  Daily vessel operating expenses are calculated by dividing vessel operating expenses by ownership days for the relevant period.
 
 
Operating Data
 
The following compares our operating income and net income for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007.
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
48


 
 
   
For the years ended December 31,
   
Increase
       
   
2008
   
2007
   
(Decrease)
   
% Change
 
Income Statement Data:
                       
(U.S. dollars in thousands except for per share amounts)
                       
Revenues
    $405,370       $185,387       219,983       118.7%  
Operating Expenses:
                               
Voyage expenses
    5,116       5,100       16       0.3%  
Vessel operating expenses
    47,130       27,622       19,508       70.6%  
General and administrative expenses
    17,027       12,610       4,417       35.0%  
Management fees
    2,787       1,654       1,133       68.5%  
Depreciation and amortization
    71,395       34,378       37,017       107.7%  
Loss on forfeiture of vessel deposits
    53,765       -       53,765       100.0%  
Gain on sale of vessels
    (26,227 )     (27,047 )     820       (3.0%)  
Total operating expenses
    170,993       54,317