Report of Foreign Issuer
Pursuant to Section 13a-16 or 15d-16 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
For the year ended March 31, 2004
Commission File Number 333-72195
Infosys Technologies Limited
Not Applicable
Bangalore, Karnataka, India
Electronics City, Hosur Road, Bangalore, Karnataka, India 561 229. +91-80-852-0261
Indicate by check mark registrant files or will file annual reports under cover Form 20-F or Form 40-F:
Form 20-F þ Form 40-F o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant by furnishing the information contained in this Form is also thereby furnishing the information to the Commission pursuant to Rule 12g 3-2(b) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
Yes o No þ
If Yes is marked, indicate below the file number assigned to registrant in connection with Rule 2g 3-2(b).
Not applicable.
This Form 6-K contains our Annual Report for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2004 that we mailed to holders of our Equity Shares and our American Depositary Shares, or ADSs, on or about May 14, 2004. The information contained in this Form 6-K shall not be deemed filed for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the Exchange Act), or incorporated by reference in any filing under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Exchange Act, except as shall be expressly set forth by specific reference in such a filing.
Annual Report 2003 04
New Game. New Rules.
One cannot manage change. One can only be ahead of it.
Peter Drucker
In the cacophony of our information-intensive society, it is always easy to read too much into every little thing. Phrases like inflection point or tipping point are dropped with merry abandon. Every tiny innovation is deemed a game changer. The desperate search to get mindshare in a society weighed down by sensory overload urges business strategists and companies to often make mountains out of molehills.
The opposite is true too. As far reaching technological and business changes sweep the world, it is sometimes comforting for a company to stick to its strategy, like a child clings to a familiar blanket. While the power of the new idea or the new business model is understood intellectually, the response is much too slow, too small and too ineffectual. As dissonance between a companys Theory of the Business and its dramatically changing external landscape increases, it can languish and die.
The challenge, therefore, is to be able to make the critical judgment: to sift through the babble of strategy, and to focus on those secular changes which will make an inexorable shift and bring forth new business models. It is to anticipate the next mega trend, and yet not get distracted by the noise of a hundred talking heads.
When we retest our assumptions in our business, and separate the wheat from the chaff, it is abundantly clear that our world has changed. The Global Delivery Model that has been at the heart of our execution is more than just a way of getting work done offshore. It is a genuine business innovation that delivers a superior value proposition at higher quality and lower cost. By leveraging global capacity, global resources and global strengths, it creates new degrees of freedom that put incumbent models at a disadvantage.
By making the Global Delivery Model both legitimate and mainstream, we have brought the battle to our territory. That, after all, is the purpose of strategy. We have become the leaders and the incumbents are followers, forever playing catch up. Every company now needs to articulate an India strategy. We have redefined value for money in our industry, and shown that the key to the game is scalability. Size, brand and infrastructure are an imperative. It is business innovation that can be extended to high value services like Systems Integration and
Consulting. In this new game, the victor is obvious a company that combines world-class consulting with world-class execution, built on the foundation of the Global Delivery Model.
However, creating a new business innovation is not enough for rules to be changed. The innovation must impact clients, competitors, investors and society. We have seen all that in spades. Clients have embraced the model and are demanding it in even greater measure. The acuteness of their own circumstance, coupled with the capability and value of our solution, has made the choice not a choice. Competitors have been dragged kicking and screaming to replicate what we do. They face trauma and disruption, but the game has changed forever. Investors, ever quick to spot a new ramp of value expansion, have grasped that this is not a passing fancy, but a potential restructuring of the way the world operates and how value will be created in future. Moreover, societies are coming to grips with a new kind of borderless world - one that will have immense social, political and economic implications for their citizens.
As we come to terms with a new set of rules, we have to reexamine every strategic assumption, and uphold its validity within the changed context. The attractiveness of our model is also the very source of increased competitive imitation. The more we become mainstream, the more we have to be different. As the world casts its covetous eyes on our human capital, we have to strive to retain the best and the brightest. As increasingly embattled competitors scatter Fear, Uncertainty and Doubt, we have to combat the spin merchants. Further, as societies demand our participation, we have to do what it takes to be a truly global citizen.
At the same time, we cannot forget the very basic rules of block and tackle. Managing scale, managing risk, managing execution, managing diversity, and meeting and exceeding the aspirations of our varied stakeholders...
New Game. New Rules. | 1
Exceeding changing
expectations
The game moves to a new course -unfamiliar and uncharted. Changes in the economic environment challenge the growth and profitability of businesses worldwide. Clients demand a defined benefit for every IT dollar spent, and spell the new rules for return on IT investments. Increasingly, they realize that Global Delivery disrupts the traditional equation of value-for-money. The new game is all about fuelling business growth and realizing much higher benefits with sustained IT investments.
On this new course, value expectations change and client delight assumes new meaning. To exceed expectations, the business problems now have to be defined beyond the brief, even before they are solved. Only those who understand the new problems, and nurture client relationships based on the intrinsic business value of global delivery are invited to play. With no tolerance for nasty surprises, clients seek predictable results across all facets of their networked global corporations. The rules are set for those who play on the fundamental tenets of speed, imagination and excellence in execution.
2 | New Game. New Rules.
Efficient business solutions
To win, the players must now score not just through one but two goal posts, and simultaneously at that. Increasingly, clients do not want to make a choice between developing business solutions and ensuring global cost competitiveness. As clients strive to be fiercely competitive in their markets, they explicitly demand genuine business solutions that are also the most cost-effective. The game has changed for those who develop traditional solutions without leveraging the strengths of global delivery.
This requires the players to approach each transaction as a cost-effective business solution opportunity. The teams in the field have to be reorganized to win, and the coaches must change their mindset. The focus must be on exercising the intellect and enhancing the execution capability, such that both goals are achieved with one stroke. This demands a pragmatic understanding of the clients business and of the detailed workings of a cost-effective delivery model. But then, one need not play the game alone. Strategic alliances must now focus on delivering real client value and complementing the solution and innovation capabilities of the team out in the field.
New Game. New Rules. | 3
Strategic global sourcing
Of course, the game can even change once the teams start playing; the gamekeeper retains the flexibility to change the rules. On the ground, the popular Total Outsourcing model is facing rough weather. Given the changing business scenario, clients increasingly want to actively steer the outsourcing decisions for maximum strategic benefit. This is compounded by increasing dissatisfaction with the current productivity and service levels in totally outsourced environments. New rules must address the need for adequate governance and transparency in day-to-day operations.
Evolution of outsourcing is entering a new phase. Information technology management has matured into a defined value chain, starting from business needs, moving through solution development, on to successful execution. The new paradigm of Strategic Global Sourcing has to provide the flexibility to select what to outsource, when to outsource and how to leverage global delivery throughout this value chain. To play, one must develop transparent and trusted client relationships where IT outsourcing decisions are governed by the clients business drivers.
4 | New Game. New Rules.
Next generation
global delivery
As the basic definition of the game changes, the teams must learn the new rules. Today, clients demand the use of global delivery capability in the solutions offered by outsourcing service providers. Left with no choice, all players make a beeline for India as the prime destination for new establishments. However, this game is not only about where you work out of, but how you integrate seamlessly between locations and cultures. It is about managing global competencies, global processes and global aspirations.
While the newcomers grapple to decode the genes of the current global delivery model, pioneers of the model must focus on evolving next generation processes. Those who are not passionate about continuously improving the value proposition of the existing core services, face the specter of commoditization. The challenge in innovation is to create even more effective and efficient solution delivery models and lead the future change. Further, as the line between IT management and operations management grows thinner, the new rules would favor service models that tightly integrate the IT services with business process management.
New Game. New Rules. | 5
Building scalable
resilience
This tussle is not about who is big or who is small; it is about how resilient or vulnerable one is. Clients are rapidly adopting global delivery, underscoring the need to rapidly scale the global capabilities. The faster the growth of global delivery model, the more it disrupts the business model of new players. On the other hand, as the aspirations and expectations of the employees continue to rise, only rapid growth can provide avenues for individual advancement. The game becomes more interesting for all stakeholders, as each of them seeks growth to meet their individual needs. Rapid growth becomes a rapid differentiator.
Players must master the essentials of scalability within the context of global delivery. The focus has to be on effective decentralization of the organization, its systems and controls, to create multiple engines of growth. Each engine needs a sound pilot, reinforcing the need to build a cadre of strong global leaders. With the ambition to scale comes the challenge of developing global talent pools that fuel future growth. Where the pool is, is irrelevant; what is far more crucial is how it fits into the global delivery model. Players who resort to acquisitions must ensure integration of strengths in a distributed working model.
6 | New Game. New Rules.
Winning the war
for talent
Leading teams must have great players on the roster; in essence this game is all about putting the best players forward. Surging demand for competent professionals raises the expectations of individuals, which in turn, increases attrition and cost pressures. In a progressively maturing industry, retaining experience becomes critical for differentiation and growth. The dilemma is evident. Only those who morph rapidly will succeed. However, this may be fraught with periods of uncertainty. The rules favor those who manage change through empowered employees in an environment of high performance and transparency.
Institutionalization is all about bridging the gap between concepts and practice. Basics such as performance management, variable compensation, competency building, career development and internal communication assume much deeper significance in the new game. More than ever, mentors have to focus on enabling talent from varied educational backgrounds to meet the global challenges. With the world as the playing field, building a diverse team has become an imperative. Leaders have to leverage the inherent strengths of diversity and ensure a truly inclusive work environment where talent across national boundaries can realize organizational and personal dreams.
New Game. New Rules. | 7
Nurturing values,
managing risks
At the core of performance excellence are values. For sustainable success, how you play the game is more important than winning. As instances of value transgressions reduce the trust in corporate performance reporting, stakeholders demand higher controls and transparency. Meanwhile, to respond to the new game, organizations adopt strategies that could potentially change the fundamentals of their business models. The added uncertainty alters risk appetites considerably. The world comes full circle and reinforces the basic tenets of Predictability, Sustainability, Profitability and De-risking.
The inevitable rapid growth of the global delivery model has to combine with a sharp focus on retaining a small company culture. The thrust is on creating an environment where consistent values can be practiced, individually and collectively. The best have to lead by setting benchmarks: nothing but the highest standards of Corporate Governance, nothing but the best practices in Enterprise Risk Management. The extent to which these practices are followed in letter and spirit would separate the wheat from the chaff.
New game... new rules. These are indeed very interesting times for those with a passion for excellence.
8 | New Game. New Rules.
Annual Report 2003 04
Board of directors
Committees of the board
Management council invitees
Voice of the youth
Infosys Foundation
| 9
Annual Report 2003 04
Contents
10 | Contents
Annual Report 2003 04
The year at a glance
in Rs. crore, except per share data | ||||||||||||
March 31, 2004 | March 31, 2003 | Growth % | ||||||||||
For the year |
||||||||||||
Income |
4,761 | 3,623 | 31 | |||||||||
Export income |
4,695 | 3,544 | 32 | |||||||||
Operating profit (PBIDTA) |
1,584 | 1,272 | 24 | |||||||||
PBIDTA as a percentage of total revenue |
33.26 | % | 35.11 | % | ||||||||
Profit after tax (PAT) |
1,243 | 958 | 30 | |||||||||
PAT as a percentage of total revenue |
26.12 | % | 26.44 | % | ||||||||
PAT as a percentage of average net worth |
40.68 | % | 38.78 | % | ||||||||
Capital expenditure |
430 | 219 | 96 | |||||||||
Dividend per share (excluding one-time special dividend) |
29.50 | 27.00 | 9 | |||||||||
Dividend amount (excluding one-time special dividend) |
196 | 179 | 10 | |||||||||
One-time special dividend per share |
100.00 | | | |||||||||
One-time special dividend amount |
666 | | | |||||||||
Earnings per share (par value of Rs. 5 each) |
||||||||||||
Basic |
187.38 | 144.68 | 30 | |||||||||
Diluted |
185.05 | 143.37 | 29 | |||||||||
At the end of the year |
||||||||||||
Total assets |
3,253 | 2,861 | 14 | |||||||||
Fixed assets net |
970 | 773 | 26 | |||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents (including liquid mutual funds) |
2,769 | 1,639 | 69 | |||||||||
Net current assets |
1,220 | 2,018 | (40 | ) | ||||||||
Debt |
| | | |||||||||
Net worth |
3,253 | 2,861 | 14 | |||||||||
Equity |
33 | 33 | | |||||||||
Market capitalization |
32,909 | 26,847 | 23 | |||||||||
Note : | Market capitalization is calculated by considering the share price at
the National Stock Exchange as on March 31 of the respective years and the
shares outstanding on that date. |
|
The figures above are based on
unconsolidated Indian GAAP financial statements. |
||
1 crore = 10 million |
The year at a glance | 11
Annual Report 2003 04
Awards
for excellence
2003 04
The most distinguishing feature of winners is their intensity of purpose.
Alymer Letterman
Every life stands testimony to the power of what an individual can do. The Awards for Excellence at Infosys seek to honor Infoscions who, with the will to win and the talent to deliver, have achieved performance excellence. These are individuals and teams who have traveled beyond the beaten track in pursuit of quality. They possess an innate brilliance that sets them above the ordinary.
This year, a total of 290 awards were conferred in 11 categories. The winners were presented with a framed certificate, a silver plaque, and a cash award.
12 | Awards for excellence 2003 04
Annual Report 2003 04
Awards for excellence 2003 04
First Prize | Second Prize | |||
Account & Sales Management
Account Team SYSCO Balaji Yellavalli Balakrishnan Mayilarangam Sundararajan Gopal Devanahalli Keith Malcolm Scovell Ramachandran Kallankara Renganathan V. R. Shashi Shekhar Vempati Sundar Raman K. Yashesh Mahendra Kampani Brand Management US Marketing Team Elisa Christine Kennedy Jessica M. Chisholm Karen J. Hutton Mahita Nagaraj Phillina M. Reyes Sunderkumar Sarangan Development Center Management Hyderabad Development Center Mangalore Development Center External Customer Delight Hannaford Account Team Ashok K. Bangera Balakrishnan Chokanathpuram Subramanian Balaraj D. A. Praveen Kumar K. Radhakrishnan Anantharaman Ravindra Shukla Sangamesh Bagali Sreejith K. Innovation Intelligent Production Support Platform Team Colin Pinto Krishna Kumar P. Muthu Raman S. Nagaraj N. S. Raoul Praful Jetley Renuka S. R.
Reduce Cost of Ownership Team Internal Customer Delight CCD Bhubaneswar Team Rajesh Ramakrishna Routroy Shenthil Kumar K. Subhasis Neogy Tapas Sardar Ujjwal Mukherjee |
Investor Delight
Sponsored Secondary ADR Team Balakrishnan V. Deepak Natraj Ramamurthi John Ponvelil Philip Krishnan S. Nithyanandan R. Parvatheesam Kanchinadham Veerabhadraswamy K. R. People Development Education & Research Team Practice Unit Management Global Account American Express Practice Unit Canada & North East America Program & Project Management DHL Easyship Team Amit Ratan Verma Atul Prakash Gargate Chetan V. Kulkarni Ketan Jobanputra Meenal Sujeet Pangarkar Mugdha Milind Divekar Om Prakash Gupta Pritam Haribhau Mungse Sanjiv R. Mitragotri Vikram Sharma
eIKON Oracle Applications Team
SYSCO RDC Team Social Consciousness Bhubaneswar Development Center Systems, Processes & Infrastructure AMANAT Team Arun Ramu Ganesh Kudva N. Raj Kumar Bansal Rajiv Sankaranarayanan Ravindranath P. Hirolikar Sitaram M. L. |
Account & Sales Management
DHL OSDC Team Ananth Vaidyanathan Ghanashyam Wagle Kiran M. Potdar Milind Lakkad Prashant Negi Sanjeev Rana Shashank Rane Shekhar S. Potnis Uday Bhaskarwar Venkatesh Ramrao Patil
Sony Team
Toys R Us International Team External Customer Delight FESCo HW & HRP Account Team Abhay M. Kulkarni Anil Braham Bhatia Jayantkumar Jugalkrishna Jana Kaladhar Gorantala Mohit Joshi Srinivasulu Mallampooty Surendra Swamy Vijay Ratnaparkhe
Firmenich Team Innovation Technology Analysis & Product Evaluation Team Anoop Nambiar Sameerahmad Sikandarsab Nadaf Sreekumar Sukumaran Sumit Sahota Internal Customer Delight Microsoft Platform Solutions Group COE Team Balan Jayaraman Manish Srivastava Parthasarathy M. A. Pradeep Prabhu Prasanna S. R. Sanjay Rajashekar |
Awards for excellence 2003 04 | 13
Annual Report 2003 04
Second Prize (contd.)
|
Special Prize | |||
People Development
EURP Pune DU Team Mritunjay Kumar Singh Nitin Govind Kulkarni Prasanna Walimbe Prashant Pungliya L. Sajaneel S. Ankola Sumant Shrirang Kulkarni Program & Project Management Apple Production Support Team Ajith Bhat M. Manjunath Pai K. Nagaraja Vishnu Nayak Rajeev Gopalakrishnan Shaji Mathew Srinivasan Raghavan Suresh Jampani Vasudev Kamath
DI Benefits Platform Team
Mellon PeopleSoft Upgrade Team
SEC Books & Record Program Team
Service Corporation International HMWEB Team
Toys R Us International Team |
Systems, Processes & Infrastructure
ISO 14001 Team Chandraketu Jha Krishna Kumar C. Mahesh V. Kulkarni Manjula M. K. Rajanish Vaidya Rajeshree Kisan Botre Shrikant Y. Dangare Sunil Advani Ulhas R. Bhor Uma Thomas Vijaya Lakshmi Mani Third Prize Brand Management Swiss France Team Jitin Goyal Nivedita Krishnamurthy Pascal Beignon Prakash Chellam Saurav De Purkayastha Thothathri Visvanathan External Customer Delight IKON Transitioning Application Team Abhijeet Vijay Bankwar Ananda Pratim Sengupta Bharathan K. Mathew Ninan Mohammed Arif Sandeep Vallabhji Savla Suresha Adiga Surjit K. K.
Emerson Implementation Team Internal Customer Delight KM Group Einith Geno Chrysolite Robinson Geetha Das Latha A. Padma Venkatesh Bhamidipati Salmo Mahind Chandra Sen Shivaprasad Gopalrao Kuskur Suresh J. K. Vikram B. Systems, Processes & Infrastructure India Payroll Team Amarnath R. R. Chandrakant K. Girisha Prabhu G. Kiran Shrinivas Gole Srikumar P. C. Sudhir Mysore Srinivasa Babu |
External Customer Delight
Progeon Cisco Operations Team Anirudh Dendukuri Ashok Joshi Hema Palaniappan Keith Lazaro Rajendra Dhanvantri Ravishankar V. K. Santhosh T. V. Siri Vishwanath Sushma Srinivas Venkatgiri N. V. Internal Customer Delight Housekeeping Team
Recruitment & Recruitment Support Team Social Consciousness Individual Awards Col. Krishna C. V. Krishnamurthy C. M. Lakshmi Upadhyaya Group Awards Employee Social Service Group Ambili K. Dinha Pramila DSilva Girish Aithal U. R. Harshal Vyankatesh Ghanekar Nitin Vyas Raviraj Belma Sabitha DSouza Sumana Kamath T.
Hinjawadi Foundation Team
Prayaas Team Systems, Processes & Infrastructure Infosys Source Forge Team Kavitha Kadambi Manish Pande Naveen K. Unni Philip Joseph |
14 | Awards for excellence 2003 04
Letter to the shareholder |
Because things are the way they are, things will not stay the way they are. - Bertolt Brecht
Nandan M. Nilekani | S. Gopalakrishnan | ||||||||||||
Chief Executive Officer, President | Chief Operating Officer | ||||||||||||
and Managing Director | and Deputy Managing Director |
Dear shareholder,
While the year ended with a Billion Dollar Day celebration, a proposed 3:1 bonus and a special one-time dividend of Rs. 100 per share, the beginnings were not quite as propitious. We began the year with the specters of the Iraq war, the SARS crisis and the possibility of continuous pricing pressure. The arrival of global competitors on Indian shores raised questions about our response and our resilience. As the year unfolded, however, the situation improved dramatically and fears were laid to rest. Today, our model has become mainstream. Additionally, we have achieved the size, scalability, brand, and ambition necessary to create the next generation consulting and software services company.
Equally important, this year revenues crossed the billion-dollar mark. Here are some of our key financials. Last fiscal year, under the Indian GAAP, our revenues grew at an enviable rate of 31.4% to Rs. 4,761 crore. This growth was almost 8% more than our initial guidance for the year. Our Profit After Tax (PAT) from ordinary activities increased from Rs. 958 crore to Rs. 1,243 crore. For fiscal year 2004, operating Profit Before Interest, Depreciation, Amortization and Taxes (PBIDTA) as a share of total revenues stood at 33.3%; and PAT from ordinary activities as a share of total revenues was 26.1%. Basic earnings per share from ordinary activities increased by 29.5% to Rs. 187.38.
Under US GAAP, revenues increased from US $ 754 million in fiscal year 2003 to US $ 1,063 million in fiscal year 2004 a growth of 41.0%. Net income increased by 38.7%, from US $ 194.87 million in fiscal 2003 to US $ 270.29 million in fiscal 2004. Net income as a share of revenues was 25.4%. Earnings per ADS increased by 38.4% to US $ 2.06.
This year, we clearly demonstrated that scale was our forte. Whether it was processing 9,07,922 applications to hire 10,077 people; or adding
6,14,900 square feet of space, with 22,27,000 square feet work-in-process; or conducting 4,69,433 person days of training, the scalability of our platform was never in doubt.
But this year was about more than scalability. We completely redesigned our planning and implementation process, and evolved a clear strategy to aim for global leadership on the theme of rapid growth and rapid differentiation. We evolved three horizons of planning the five-year model for long-term impact analysis; the three year business plans to ensure the preservation of the strategic intent; and a yearly budgeting cycle on a rolling 4-quarter basis, ensuring the predictability of the short term. These, accompanied by a major restructuring into Independent Business Units, have created multiple engines of growth, and have laid the foundation for the future.
As we became more and more strategic to our clients future, there were an unprecedented number of top level executive visits to the Bangalore campus.
In July, we made a successful sponsored secondary ADR issue. The enthusiastic response to the US $ 294 million issue confirmed that the investment community clearly understood the robustness, scalability, and disruptive impact on competition of our business model.
We recently launched Infosys Consulting Inc. (with a planned investment of US $ 20 million), thereby taking the battle into the competitors camp. Through this initiative, we combine world-class consulting with the excellence and cost competitiveness of global delivery.
The clamor against outsourcing, while abating to some extent, has the potential to create an unpredictable regulatory response. The strengthening of the Indian Rupee against the dollar by over 8.7% in the last year, and its continued appreciation, will have its impact on margins.
Letter to the shareholder | 15
Annual Report 2003 04
While pricing pressure has eased, the challenge is to create measurable value for clients, regain pricing power through differentiation, and successfully master the rules of the new global game.
Clients are now looking for a company that is a trusted advisor and a strategic partner. In this context, we continued to deepen our relationship with global corporations. The company added 103 new clients and strengthened its relationship with 379 clients worldwide, through the implementation of new initiatives. There was a 24% increase in the number of five-million-dollar clients; and around 33% increase in the number of twenty-million-dollar clients, from fiscal 2003 to fiscal 2004. Additionally, the companys billing for three clients (on an LTM basis) has crossed US $ 50 million each.
In response to client needs, we have been working on several new service initiatives. Systems Integration (SI), in collaboration with key alliance partners, has developed and deployed major solutions like Accelerate, Digital I, and EIP. In addition, the Enterprise Solutions group has worked on products such as Oracle, SAP, PeopleSoft, Siebel, SeeBeyond, i2, Yantra, Ariba, etc. With a footprint of 100 banks in 30 countries across 6 continents, and with over 22 wins, Finacle®, Infosys universal banking solution, has emerged as a key global player in the banking products space. The Banking and Capital Markets group, which accounts for over 12% of North America revenues, has also made great strides in terms of providing optimal solutions for global clients.
Our subsidiary, Progeon Limited, saw very strong revenue growth from US $ 4.3 million in fiscal 2003 to US $ 17.2 million in fiscal 2004. Progeon signed 9 new clients during the year and continues to have a strong pipeline. Only 17% of revenue comes from voice-based operations. More and more customers are validating Progeons strategy of focusing on end-to-end back office processing with strong domain focus. There is considerable interest among clients for an integrated IT and BPO offering, and Progeon and Infosys are working together to bring that to market.
Managing risk is an inherent part of our corporate strategy. Geographical diversification into Asia and Europe has been a cornerstone of this mitigation strategy. This was the year that we made our maiden acquisition. We acquired Expert Information Services for US $ 24.3 million, and renamed it Infosys, Australia. We are now working towards the seamless integration of the 375 employees of Infosys, Australia. The company also set roots in China by incorporating Infosys, Shanghai, with a planned investment of US $ 5 million. We have been able to establish a premium position in the Japanese market through a large percentage of high value, high margin services. Growth across Europe also continues to be strong and revenues have grown by about 42%. We have been successful in nurturing relationships with European clients over the last two years, besides working with European units of American companies.
Consolidation of client knowledge through the Global Accounts Business Unit (GAC) has enabled significant benefits in the area of resource utilization, productivity, and risk management.
During the year, the Domain Competency Group (DCG) conducted business domain training across 9 vertical industries, both in India and at client locations, covering about 3,706 employees. Additionally, DCG consultants published 29 articles in reputed international industry journals, thereby demonstrating thought leadership in several vertical domains.
Research and Development is a key competitive asset. In this context, Software Engineering and Technology Labs (SETLabs), a pioneering strategic investment by Infosys, is providing an environment where ideas can be explored, concepts tested and experiments conducted.
SETLabs has published two books (Mobile IP and Art and Technology of Software Engineering") and 55 papers in reputed international publications in the last year.
We have undertaken a number of initiatives to strengthen infrastructure, increase productivity, and improve quality. We have embarked on a program to build a scalable and robust Enterprise Applications Architecture, and has put in place a state-of-the-art Disaster Recovery solution for the information infrastructure. In fiscal 2004, our Information Security Management practices (including disaster recovery) were audited by Det Norske Veritas and were certified for compliance with the BS7799:2002-Part 2 standard. Additionally, a major initiative, PRidE, was undertaken to completely revamp the quality framework.
As we scale greater heights, the branding and marketing activities are geared towards meeting international challenges. Flagship campaigns like WIBTA (Wharton Infosys Business Transformation Awards), the CEO event in Japan and Milan (US and Europe) continued to provide great opportunities for networking and knowledge sharing. A successful session hosted by your company at the World Economic Forum attracted a number of CEOs. The Global Sourcing Summit, which was very well received among the global community, played a vital role in bringing together the best practices in outsourcing. Interaction with analysts and clients also increased through initiatives like the Customer Advisory Council.
People are our most valuable assets. With a clear focus on nurturing and leveraging talent, enabling and engaging Infoscions have been identified as key requirements in the quest for global leadership. In our efforts to create a high performance work ethic, we recently transitioned to a role-based structure. All roles have been mapped to different job and personal bands. This structure provides an equitable framework for people-related decision-making based on contribution to business and value addition. Managing post-acquisition issues has helped us mature our processes and explore new domains.
Keeping in mind the phenomenal growth of the last decade, we have chosen to invest in developing top tier leaders who can help the company maintain its lead and momentum in the marketplace. The Infosys Leadership Institute (ILI) identified about 400 employees to be supported in their leadership journey. A set of leadership competencies has been identified and a number of vehicles have been used to build these competencies. Significant initiatives include the Leaders Teach Leaders Series, feedback-intensive programs, nomination to Ivy League courses, and others. We believe that people, our greatest asset, will be the key success factor in our multi-billion dollar journey.
At the same time, we believe that corporations are social institutions. To ensure that we remain socially relevant, a number of activities and initiatives have been undertaken: fundraiser activities by Infosys, Canada and Australia; launching of a mid-day meal scheme for the children of St. Peters School (Employee Social Service Group, Mangalore Development Center); English classes for company security staff (Hinjawadi Foundation, Pune Development Center); medical relief for the flood-hit village of Bangrisingha, Orissa (Akanksha, Bhubaneswar Development Center); donations to the SOS villages of Rajpura (Mohali Development Center), etc.
We acknowledge the support, dedication, and hard work of all Infoscions in helping us become a truly global player. With our new global initiatives in place, we are excited to participate in the new game.
Infoscions, as always, are able and willing to rise to the occasion!
Nandan M. Nilekani | S. Gopalakrishnan | |||
Bangalore
|
Chief Executive Officer, | Chief Operating Officer | ||
April 13, 2004
|
President and Managing Director | and Deputy Managing Director |
16 | Letter to the shareholder
Annual Report 2003 04
Certification by Chief Executive Officer (CEO) and Chief Financial Officer (CFO) of the company
We, Nandan M. Nilekani, Chief Executive Officer, President and Managing Director and T. V. Mohandas Pai, Chief Financial Officer and Director-Finance and Administration, of Infosys Technologies Limited, to the best of our knowledge and belief, certify that:
1. | We have reviewed the balance sheet and profit and loss account
(unconsolidated), and all its schedules and notes on accounts, as well as
the cash flow statements and the Directors report; |
|||
2. | Based on our knowledge and information, these statements do not contain
any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact
necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under
which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the
statements made; |
|||
3. | Based on our knowledge and information, the financial statements, and
other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all
material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash
flows of the company as of, and for, the periods presented in this report,
and are in compliance with the existing accounting standards and / or
applicable laws and regulations; |
|||
4. | The companys other certifying officers and we are responsible for
establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures for the
company, and we have: |
a) | designed such disclosure controls and procedures to ensure that material
information relating to the company, including its consolidated subsidiaries,
is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the
period in which this report is being prepared; and |
|||
b) | evaluated the effectiveness of the companys disclosure, controls and
procedures. |
5. | The companys other certifying officers and we have disclosed, based on
our most recent evaluation, wherever applicable, to the companys auditors
and the audit committee of the companys board of directors (and persons
performing the equivalent functions): |
a) | all significant deficiencies in the design or operation of internal
controls, which could adversely affect the companys ability to record,
process, summarize and report financial data, and have identified for the
companys auditors, any material weaknesses in internal controls; |
|||
b) | any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other
employees who have a significant role in the companys internal controls; and |
|||
c) | the companys other certifying officers and we, have indicated in this
report whether or not there were significant changes in internal controls or
in other factors that could significantly affect internal controls subsequent
to the date of our most recent evaluation, including any corrective actions
with regard to significant deficiencies and material weaknesses. |
6. | In the event of any materially significant misstatements or omissions,
the signing officers will return to the company that part of any bonus or
incentive or equity-based compensation, which was inflated on account of
such errors, as decided by the audit committee. |
|||
7. | We affirm that we have not denied any personnel access to the audit
committee of the company (in respect of matters involving alleged
misconduct) and we have provided protection to whistle blowers from
unfair termination and other unfair or prejudicial employment practices. |
|||
8. | We further declare that all board members and senior managerial personnel
have affirmed compliance with the code of conduct for the current year. |
Nandan M. Nilekani | T. V. Mohandas Pai | |||
Bangalore
|
Chief Executive Officer, | Chief Financial Officer and | ||
April 13, 2004
|
President and Managing Director | Director Finance and Administration |
Certification by CEO and CFO | 17
Annual Report 2003 04
Directors report
To the members,
This is a historic year for your company, as the billion-dollar revenue mark was breached. In the light of this significant milestone achieved, your directors are delighted to present their report on the business and operations of your company for the year ended March 31, 2004.
Financial results | in Rs. crore, except per share data* | |||||||
Year ended March 31, | 2004 | 2003 | ||||||
Income |
4,760.89 | 3,622.69 | ||||||
Software development expenses |
2,495.31 | 1,813.30 | ||||||
Gross profit |
2,265.58 | 1,809.39 | ||||||
Selling and marketing expenses |
335.08 | 266.98 | ||||||
General and administration expenses |
346.85 | 270.37 | ||||||
Operating profit (PBIDTA) |
1,583.65 | 1,272.04 | ||||||
Interest |
| | ||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
230.90 | 188.95 | ||||||
Operating profit after interest,
depreciation and amortization |
1,352.75 | 1,083.09 | ||||||
Other income |
127.39 | 99.61 | ||||||
Provision for investment |
9.67 | 23.77 | ||||||
Profit before tax |
1,470.47 | 1,158.93 | ||||||
Provision for tax |
227.00 | 201.00 | ||||||
Profit after tax |
1,243.47 | 957.93 | ||||||
Dividends |
||||||||
Interim dividend |
96.09 | 82.76 | ||||||
Final dividend (proposed) |
99.96 | 96.05 | ||||||
One-time special dividend (proposed) |
666.41 | | ||||||
Aggregate dividend |
862.46 | 178.81 | ||||||
Tax on dividends |
110.50 | 12.30 | ||||||
Transferred to general reserve |
200.00 | 766.82 | ||||||
Profit retained in profit and
loss account |
70.51 | | ||||||
Earnings per share |
||||||||
(equity shares, par value Rs. 5/- each) |
||||||||
Basic |
187.38 | 144.68 | ||||||
Diluted |
185.05 | 143.37 | ||||||
* 1 crore equals 10 million |
Results of operations
Total revenue increased to Rs. 4,760.89 crore from Rs. 3,622.69 crore in the previous year a growth rate of 31.4%. Export revenues increased to Rs. 4,694.69 crore from Rs. 3,543.51 crore in the previous year a growth rate of 32.5%. The operating profit increased by 24.5%, from Rs. 1,272.04 crore (35.1% of total revenues) in the previous year to Rs. 1,583.65 crore (33.3% of total revenues). The profit after tax increased to Rs. 1,243.47 crore (26.1% of total revenue) from Rs. 957.93 crore (26.4% of total revenue).
Dividend
In October 2003, we paid an interim dividend of Rs. 14.50 per share (290% on par value of Rs. 5/-). Your directors recommend a final dividend of Rs. 15.00 per share (300% on par value of Rs. 5/-), and a one-time special dividend of Rs. 100.00 per share (2,000% on par value of Rs. 5/-) aggregating to Rs. 129.50 per share (2,590% on par value of Rs. 5/-), for the current year. The total dividend for the year is Rs. 196.05 crore, as against Rs. 178.81 crore for the previous year. The total one-time special dividend for the year is Rs. 666.41 crore. Dividend (including dividend tax), as a percentage of profit after tax from ordinary activities, is 17.79% as compared to 19.95% in the previous year. The one-time special dividend (including dividend tax), as a percentage of profit after tax from ordinary activities is 60.46%.
The register of members and share transfer books will remain closed from May 28, 2004 to June 01, 2004, both days inclusive. The Annual
General Meeting of the company has been scheduled for June 12, 2004.
Appropriations
Your company proposes to transfer Rs. 200.00 crore to the general reserve. An amount of Rs. 70.51 crore is proposed to be retained in the profit and loss account.
Bonus issue of shares
Your directors recommend an issue of bonus shares in the ratio of 3:1, i.e. three additional equity shares for every one existing equity share held by the members on a date to be fixed by the Board, by capitalizing a part of the reserves.
Consequently, your directors also recommend a stock dividend on the companys American Depositary Shares (ADSs) in the ratio of 2:1, i.e. one additional ADS for every one existing ADS held by the holders of the ADSs, as on a date to be fixed by the Board. Following the stock dividend on the ADS, the ratio for converting ADS into equity shares shall be fixed at one ADS for one equity share.
Subject to the approval of these proposals by the members in the companys Annual General Meeting on June 12, 2004, your directors have fixed July 02, 2004 as the Record Date to determine the shareholders and holders of ADSs who will receive the bonus equity shares and additional ADSs respectively. The bonus equity shares will be credited on July 05, 2004 and the additional ADSs will be credited on July 06, 2004.
Increase in share capital
Your company issued 3,97,978 shares on the exercise of stock options, under the 1998 and 1999 employee stock option plans. Due to this, the outstanding issued, subscribed and paid-up equity share capital increased from 6,62,43,078 shares during the previous year, to 6,66,41,056 shares as of March 31, 2004.
Delisting of securities
Your company is listed on the National Stock Exchange of India (NSE), The Stock Exchange, Mumbai (BSE), The Bangalore Stock Exchange Limited (BgSE) and on the NASDAQ National Markets in the United States.
The shares of your company are not presently traded on the Bangalore Stock Exchange and the entire trading of the companys shares is done only at NSE and BSE. These exchanges have nation-wide trading terminals and therefore provide full liquidity to the investors. In view of this, your directors recommend the delisting of companys shares from BgSE. The delisting of shares is subject to the approval of members at the ensuing annual general meeting.
Business
The year marked a general stability in prices and an increase of customer technology spends to higher levels than in the past two years. The stability on the pricing front and improved visibility were adversely affected by a general weakening of the US Dollar resulting in the Rupee reverting to its levels of over four years ago. However, the consistent message from all our clients and prospects was an overwhelming approval of the offshore model.
For your company, dealing with the above situation while focusing on increased growth was imperative. Your company acquired, invested and reorganized to meet the challenges of being a large corporation. These challenges will continue to grow with greater customer expectations, the need to invest in local markets and the assimilation of growing employee numbers.
18 | Directors report
Annual Report 2003 04
Accordingly, your company acquired its first company in Australia, invested the second tranche of funds in Progeon and took its development capabilities into China. Your company also reorganized to face new challenges of greater client expectations, rapidly changing economy and heightened competition, relating to both clients onsite and for resources offshore. The management re-positioned the addressing of customer needs along the twin axes of industry expertise and service offering excellence by the end of the third quarter.
At the beginning of the year, your company estimated a growth in software development services and product revenues, under Indian GAAP, at 21.7% to 23.6%. This was later revised as 30.1% to 30.3%. Despite the challenging environment, your company ended the year having grown software development services and product revenues by 31.4%.
Your companys software export revenues aggregated Rs. 4,694.69 crore, up 32.5% from Rs. 3,543.51 crore the previous year - 72.4% of the revenues came from America, 19.5% from Europe, and 8.1% from the rest of the world. The share of the fixed-price component of the business was 34.1%, as compared to 36.7% during the previous year. Blended revenue productivity, in dollar terms, has declined by 6.1%.
The gross profit amounts to Rs. 2,265.58 crore (47.6% of revenue) as against Rs. 1,809.39 crore (49.9% of revenue) in the previous year. The onsite revenues have decreased from 54.7% in the previous year, to 53.0%. The onsite person-months comprised 31.6% of total billed efforts during the year as compared to 33.7% during the previous year. The operating profit amounted to Rs. 1,583.65 crore (33.3% of revenue) as against Rs. 1,272.04 crore (35.1% of revenue). Sales and marketing costs decreased from 7.4% of our revenue in the previous year to 7.0% of our revenue in the current year, while general and administration expenses decreased from 7.5% in the previous year to 7.3% in the current year. The net profit after tax was Rs. 1,243.47 crore (26.1% of revenue) as against Rs. 957.93 crore (26.4% of revenue) in the previous year.
Your company seeks long-term partnerships with clients while addressing their various IT requirements. Your companys customer-centric approach has resulted in high levels of client satisfaction. Your company derived 88% of its revenues from repeat business (i.e. a customer who also contributed to revenues during the prior fiscal year) during the year. Your company added 103 new clients, which includes a substantial number of large global corporations. The total client base at the end of the year stood at 379. Further, your company has 130 million-dollar clients (115 in the previous year), 49 five-million-dollar clients (41 in the previous year) 25 ten-million-dollar clients (16 in the previous year), and 3 fifty-million-dollar clients (nil in the previous year).
Your company continued scaling up its infrastructure by adding another 6.16 lakh square feet of physical infrastructure space. The total available space now stands at 40.46 lakh square feet. The number of overseas marketing offices as of March 31, 2004 was 25.
Your company ends the landmark year with the knowledge that the journey has only begun. With the new structure, acquisition and investments set to bear fruit in fiscal 2005, your company is prepared to face the new challenges that come with the ever increasing demand for outsourcing. Today, we believe that your company has the brand, value proposition and ambition to build the next generation technology services and consulting company.
Banking Business Unit (BBU)
Your companys product, Finacle®, has now emerged as an integrated-yet-modular Universal Banking Solution. Offering end-to-end solutions across core banking, treasury, wealth management, consumer e-banking, business e-banking, web based cash management, multi channel, mobile payments, alerts and banking CRM, Finacle® is uniquely positioned to address the needs of new-age banks, be it retail banks, corporate / wholesale banks, universal
banks, private banks or community banks. BBU acquired 22 new clients, seven in India and 15 overseas, during the year.
During the year, Finacle® also emerged as the worlds most scalable core banking solution by achieving an unparalleled performance of over 7,000 TPS (transactions per second) translating into 26 million transactions per hour, in a scalability test audited by Ernst and Young. This is the highest performance achieved so far by any core banking product worldwide. Today Finacle® powers some of the largest open systems based core banking sites in the world: sites with a peak transaction load of approximately eight million transactions per day, about 30 million customers and nearly 10,000 users.
Development centers in India
Your company incurred capital expenditure aggregating Rs. 341.01 crore on physical infrastructure, up from Rs. 143.15 crore the previous year. Further, your company incurred Rs. 88.86 crore on technological infrastructure, up from Rs. 76.11 crore the previous year. In all, Rs. 429.87 crore has been invested during the year, up from Rs. 219.26 crore the previous year.
In Bangalore, two software development blocks were completed with a built up area of 2,40,000 square feet capable of accommodating 2,000 professionals. Two more software development blocks with a built up area of 4,26,000 square feet capable of accommodating 4,000 professionals, and the multimedia center (Infosys Studio) with a built up area of 26,000 square feet, are under completion. The existing capacity at Bangalore campus comprises 16,24,836 square feet capable of accommodating 9,152 professionals.
In Pune, a Customer Care Center with a built up area of 85,000 square feet, capable of accommodating 350 professionals, was completed. This campus has a built up area of 5,89,647 square feet with a capacity of 3,626 seats. For the second campus in Pune, civil works are in progress for one software development block with a built up area of 1,35,000 square feet, capable of accommodating 1,300 professionals.
In Bhubaneswar, the third software development block with a built up area of 95,000 square feet, capable of accommodating 800 professionals, is nearing completion. Civil works are in progress for the Employee Care Center with a built up area of 1,00,000 square feet. Currently, the campus has a built up area of 1,89,000 square feet with a capacity of 1,200 seats.
In Chennai, a Customer Care Center with a built up area of 75,000 square feet, capable of accommodating 250 professionals, was completed. Civil works are in progress for the Employee Care Center with a built up area of 75,000 square feet. Currently, the campus has a built up area of 4,21,317 square feet with a capacity of 2,906 seats. For the second campus in Chennai, civil works are in progress for a software development block with a built up area of 1,25,000 square feet, capable of accommodating 1,200 professionals.
In Hyderabad, a software development block of 1,45,000 square feet, with a seating capacity of 1,220 professionals, was completed. Civil works are in progress for the fourth software development block with a built up area of 1,54,000 square feet, capable of accommodating 1,100 professionals. Currently the campus has a built up area of 4,62,000 square feet with a capacity of 2,865 seats.
In Mysore one software development block of 1,00,000 square feet with a seating capacity of 850 professionals was completed. Construction is on for the Education and research block with online classrooms capable of training 4,000 trainees at a time, hostel facilities which include the accommodation rooms and the food court, all these developments with a built up area of 10,91,000 square feet. Currently, the campus has a built up area of 5,18,450 square feet capable of accommodating 1484 professionals.
In Thiruvananthapuram interiors were completed in the leased space with a built up area of 22,000 square feet capable of accommodating 220 professionals.
Directors report | 19
Annual Report 2003 04
In Melbourne, fitting out of a new office in a more spacious premises at St. Kilda Road was taken up this year. This office occupies two floors in the building with a total area of 28,030 sq. ft. and has a seating capacity of 250 in total. One floor has already been occupied while the other floor will be ready for occupation by the middle of April 2004.
In addition, the offices of Expert Communications at Lonsdale Road were taken over by Infosys. This office had a floor space of 12,080 sq. ft. spread over two floors and a seating capacity of about 90. Along with the reorganization of this existing offices layout, additional floor space of 5,565 sq. ft. has also been taken up for fit out in the same building. After the completion of these in April 2004, the total area at Lonsdale Road office will be 17,645 sq. ft. and the seating capacity 213.
In Mauritius, 27,000 sq. ft. capable of accommodating 450 personnel has been leased out. This will also be the Disaster Recovery Center for the company. The company has also leased 25 acres of land from the Government of Mauritius.
As of March 31, 2004, in India, the company had 40,46,250 square feet of space capable of accommodating 22,730 professionals and an additional 22,27,000 square feet under completion.
Sexual harassment litigation
During the year, the lawsuit filed by Ms. Reka Maximovitch was settled for US $ 3 million. The lawsuit was filed against Mr. Phaneesh Murthy, a former member of the Board and the company. Your company contributed US $ 1.5 million and the balance US $ 1.5 million was contributed by the insurers under the companys Directors and Officers Liability Insurance cover.
Infosys learnt that Ms. Jennifer Griffith, a former employee, has filed a lawsuit against the Company and Mr. Phaneesh Murthy, a former Member of the Board. The lawsuit has been filed in the Superior Court of California, Alameda County, and generally alleges that Mr. Phaneesh Murthy sexually harassed Ms. Griffith while she was employed at Infosys. Management is reviewing the allegations. Based on its present knowledge of facts, management estimates that the lawsuit will not have material impact on the result of operation or financial position of the company.
Progeon Limited
During the year, your company invested the second tranche of Rs. 12.25 crore in Progeon Limited (Progeon), the majority owned subsidiary, purchasing 1,22,50,000 equity shares of Rs. 10/- each fully paid up. Progeon also obtained the second tranche of funding of Rs. 44.80 crore from Citicorp International Finance Corporation, USA, through investment in cumulative, convertible, redeemable preferred shares of face value of Rs. 100/- each at a premium of Rs. 2.40 per share. During the year, Progeon added nine clients and generated revenue of Rs. 78.14 crore, with a net loss of Rs. 0.60 crore. The employee strength as on March 31, 2004 was 1,878.
Progeon formed a wholly owned subsidiary, Progeon SRO, with an investment outlay of US $ 1.1 million. Progeon SRO was incorporated on February 4, 2004 in Brno, Czech Republic.
Strategic investments
On April 8, 2004 your company launched Infosys Consulting, Inc. (with a planned investment of US $ 20 million), thereby taking the battle into the competitors camp. Through this initiative, it combines world-class consulting with the excellence and cost competitiveness of global delivery.
Your company also formed a wholly owned subsidiary, Infosys Technologies (Shanghai) Co. Limited, in China, with an investment outlay of US $ 5 million. Your company proposes to establish a software development center for 200 professionals in Shanghai. The China subsidiary will be offering end-to-end software services to domestic and multinational companies operating in China. It will also serve as a hub for software services in the Asia Pacific region.
Acquisitions
Your company acquired 100% equity in Expert Information Services Pty. Limited, Australia (Expert). The transaction was completed effective January 2, 2004. The acquired company was renamed Infosys Technologies (Australia) Pty. Limited (Infosys Australia).
Expert was one of Australias leading IT service providers specializing in the designing, building and integration of business solutions and products for leading companies in Australia. Its clients included medium and large enterprises, which span across various industry verticals such as telecommunications, financial services, retail, and government sectors.
The transaction value was approximately A $ 32.0 million (US $ 24.3 million) and comprised payment in cash on completion of the transaction and earn-out on achieving targeted financial conditions over a three year period ending March 31, 2007.
Management is presently undertaking a seamless integration of Infosys Australia with erstwhile Australia operations of your company. This will accelerate market penetration in Australia and provide enhanced value to clients.
Human resource management
Employees are vital to your company. Your company has created a favorable work environment that encourages innovation and meritocracy. Your company has also put in place a scalable recruitment and human resource management process, which enables it to attract and retain high caliber employees. Your company added 8,021 (net) and 10,077 (gross) employees, taking the total strength to 23,377, up from 15,356 at the end of the previous year. Your companys attrition rate, stands at 10.5% for the year (6.9% for the previous year). Over the last year, 9,07,922 people applied to Infosys. Clearly, your company remains an employer of choice.
At your company, the key focus has been to change the mindset from human resource utilization to nurturing and leveraging talent. Towards this, your company has instituted a programme, Engage and Enable Infoscions, as a key track to focus on in the quest towards achieving global leadership. Transitioning business on the concept of verticals and managing post acquisition issues brought in key people challenges, which helped its people processes mature and explore new domains.
Your company continued with its PCMM journey to ensure that its people practices meet the requirements of proven international standards. In keeping with its high performance work ethic, your company enhanced its performance management process. This process incorporated objective setting as a key requirement. The concept of variable pay has been institutionalized. It plans to further reinforce these concepts on a continuous basis.
Your company believes in investing in people competencies for the business requirements of tomorrow. Towards this, your company has been enabling Infoscions to become solution focused, have a global mindset and stay connected. Launching the ES (Enterprise Solutions-ERP) University, reinforcing the leadership development model and furthering the Leaders Teach concept, has enhanced the already existing initiatives like role-based training and reinforcing e-learning.
Branding
As your company scales greater heights, the branding and marketing activities are geared towards meeting international challenges. Flagship campaigns like WIBTA (Wharton Infosys Business Transformation Awards), the CEO event in Japan, and Milan (our annual customer forum held in the US and Europe) continued to provide great opportunities for networking and knowledge sharing. A successful session hosted by Infosys at the World Economic Forum also attracted a number of CEOs. The Global Sourcing Summit was very well received among the global community and played a vital role in bringing together the best practices
20 | Directors report
Annual Report 2003 04
in outsourcing. Interaction with analysts and clients also increased through initiatives like the Customer Advisory Council.
Quality
Your company firmly believes that pursuit of excellence is one of the most critical components for competitive success in the global market. Your company has achieved high maturity through rigorous adherence to highly evolved processes, which have been systematically benchmarked against world-class operating models. These include ISO 9001-TickIT, SEI-CMM / CMMI, BS7799, ISO14001 and the Malcolm Baldrige / EFQM Frameworks. Your company is rated at Level 5 of the Capability Maturity Models (CMM and CMMI), which are world-class benchmarks in software process management. Regular and rigorous assessments are conducted by reputed external assessors vis-à-vis CMM, CMMI, PCMM and CII-EXIM (based on EFQM / Baldrige models).
To address the challenges of the future and to ensure performance improvement in an integrated manner, your company has launched a number of initiatives:
| PRidE: Process Repository @ Infosys
for Driving Excellence, integrated
with tools and knowledge base that
optimizes execution across the globe. |
| Improving quality and productivity
through standardization of
engineering processes for key
technologies with tools,
methodologies and reusable components
and framework. |
| Use of Six Sigma for enhanced
customer focus and improved service
delivery in maintenance, production
support and engineering design. |
| Enabling people with focused
accreditation programs like CSQA,
PMI, CSTE, CFPE, internal process
training on quantitative project
management, statistics for decision
making, integrated requirements
analysis, etc. |
Your company has also helped many of its clients improve their processes and systems by providing high-end software process consulting services. This is testimony to your companys process leadership.
Infosys Leadership Institute
The phenomenal growth of the company in the past decade, coupled with globalization, has given us the impetus to focus on developing leaders for the coming decades. As we create thousands of effective managers in the organization, we have also chosen to invest in developing top tier leaders who can help the company maintain its lead and momentum in the market place. We have identified about 400 employees to be supported in their leadership journey. A set of leadership competencies as distinct from the managerial skills, has been identified and a number of vehicles have been used to build these competencies. Significant initiatives here include Leaders Teach Leaders Series of Experience Sharing Sessions, Feedback Intensive Programs, nomination to Ivy League courses, and others. We have also created the best infrastructure in India for leadership development by building a residential campus for the Infosys Leadership Institute on a 228-acre campus in Mysore.
Building global academic relationships
Your company has strongly focused its branding efforts on some of the best names in the world of academia knowing that its message extends beyond campuses to many powerful corner offices. Your companys effort in proactively branding itself on university campuses abroad has helped position it as a global brand in the minds of its customers, partners, shareholders and employees. This year, your company has hosted student groups and faculty from 21 colleges including Harvard Business School, Wharton, MIT Sloan School of Management, Kellogg School of Management at Northwestern University, Fuqua School of Business at Duke University etc. InStep and
Academe are the two initiatives that contribute substantially in making your company a name to reckon with in the international academia.
InStep Global Internship Program
InStep is your companys Global Internship Program. By attracting students from the best academic institutions around the world, InStep has not only built brand equity for your company, but is also key to its international recruitment initiative.
While the students benefit from learning first hand in a corporate environment, your company gains brand equity, value addition to current projects and enhanced awareness in the universities. As a result of such exposure, many universities have requested for senior management from your company to speak at their seminars and forums. This reiterates your companys position as a thought leader in the business and technology spheres. Further, interns have published case studies and white papers that help position Infosys as a global technology leader.
InStep also promotes a multi-cultural environment at your company. Last year, the program enabled interns from 17 different nationalities, to share their experiences and perspectives. Further, your company recruits interns from diverse academic backgrounds, spanning technology students from Stanford to business students from Wharton. This year, your company has held InStep: Information Sessions in the United States of America, Canada, Mexico, United Kingdom, France, Germany, India, Australia, Singapore, Thailand and Japan and has received over 8,000 applications for 70 internship positions.
Academe
Your company has partnered with the academia to build a set of case studies. Besides unfurling the banner of your companys brand in the international academic circles, these case studies have positioned your company as a global brand.
These cases have reached current students and high-power alumni of some of the best universities in the world like Harvard, Wharton, NYU and LBS. A case written by Stern School of Business, NYU, was published as an article in the prestigious SternBusiness magazine, which reaches thousands of Stern alumni as well as the board of Stern. Some of the case studies completed in the recent past outline the working of Infosys or capture its history and growth. This year we initiated four cases studies with top colleges, including INSEAD, France.
Additional information to shareholders
Your company has provided additional information in the form of intangible assets scoresheet, human resources accounting, value-added statement, brand valuation, economic value-added statement, current-cost-adjusted financial statements, and financial statements in substantial compliance with the GAAP of six countries.
Corporate governance
Your company continues to be a pioneer in benchmarking its corporate governance policies with the best in the world. Our efforts are widely recognized by investors in India and abroad. In line with the companys commitment to good corporate governance practices, your company appointed Mr. Deepak M. Satwalekar as the Lead Independent Director.
Also, your company is the first public company in India to have undergone the corporate governance audit by Standard and Poors. Standard and Poors has rated your companys corporate governance practices at CGS 8.6 on a scale 10.
ICRA has rated your companys corporate governance practices at CGR 1, while CRISIL has rated the same at GVC Level 1.
Your company has complied with all the recommendations of the Kumar Mangalam Birla Committee on Corporate Governance constituted by the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI). For fiscal 2004, the compliance report is provided in the Corporate
Directors report | 21
Annual Report 2003 04
governance report in this Annual Report. The auditors certificate on compliance with the mandatory recommendations of the committee is annexed to this report.
Your directors have documented your companys internal policies on corporate governance. In line with the committees recommendations, the managements discussion and analysis of the financial position of the company is provided in this annual report and is incorporated here by reference.
Your company continues its practice of providing a report on its compliance with the corporate governance requirements of six countries, in their national languages, for the benefit of our shareholders in those countries.
Employee Stock Option Plan (ESOP)
Your company has introduced various stock option plans for its employees. However, the grant of stock options to employees has been temporarily suspended both under the 1998 and 1999 stock option plans, pending clarity in the regulations relating to grant of stock options as well as the accounting regulations relating to the same.
1994 Stock Offer Plan (the 1994 plan)
The 1994 plan came to an end in fiscal 2000. No further options will be issued under this plan.
1998 Stock Option Plan (the 1998 plan)
Your company has issued 95,900 ADS-linked stock options to 39 employees during the year under the 1998 plan. Details of such options granted under the 1998 plan are given below.
Description | Details | |||||
1.
|
Total number of shares | 29.40 lakh ADS representing 14.70 lakh shares | ||||
2.
|
The pricing formula | Not less than 90% of the fair market value as on date of grant | ||||
3.
|
Ratio of ADS to equity shares | One share represents two ADSs | ||||
4.
|
Options granted during the year | 95,900 options representing 47,950 equity shares | ||||
5.
|
Weighted average price per option granted | US $47.50 (Rs. 2,061.50); 100% of fair market value on the date of grant | ||||
6.
|
Options vested (as of March 31, 2004) | 7,70,991 options representing 3,85,495 equity shares | ||||
7.
|
Options exercised during the year | 2,58,870 options representing 1,29,435 equity shares | ||||
8.
|
Money raised on exercise of options | Rs. 34.43 crore | ||||
9.
|
Options forfeited during the year | 4,04,931 options representing 2,02,465 equity shares | ||||
10.
|
Total number of options in force at the end of the year | 19,35,505 options representing 9,67,752 equity shares | ||||
11.
|
Grant to senior management | Nil | ||||
12.
|
Employees receiving 5% or more of the total number of options granted during the year | Nil | ||||
1999 Stock Option Plan (the 1999 plan)
Your company has issued 1,92,800 stock options to 595 employees and one independent director during the year under the 1999 plan. The details of such options granted under the 1999 plan are given below.
Description | Details | |||||
1.
|
Total number of shares | 66.00 lakh shares | ||||
2.
|
The pricing formula | At the fair market value as on date of grant | ||||
3.
|
Options granted during the year | 1,92,800 options representing 1,92,800 equity shares | ||||
4.
|
Weighted average price per option granted during the year | Rs. 3,072 (100% of fair market value on the date of grant) | ||||
5.
|
Options vested (as of March 31, 2004) | 21,08,580 options representing 21,08,580 equity shares | ||||
6.
|
Options exercised during the year | 2,68,543 options representing 2,68,543 equity shares | ||||
7.
|
Money raised on exercise of options | Rs. 87.84 crore | ||||
8.
|
Options forfeited during the year | 3,94,898 options representing 3,94,898 equity shares | ||||
9.
|
Total number of options in force at the end of the year | 45,90,530 options representing 45,90,530 equity shares | ||||
10.
|
Grant to senior management and independent directors | Sridar A. Iyengar. No. of options: 2,000 | ||||
11.
|
Employees receiving 5% or more of the total number of options granted during the year | Nil | ||||
During the year the company has embarked on ensuring full compliance with the US Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. Several aspects of the act such as the Disclosure Committee Requirements, Whistleblower Policy, Code of Conduct for Senior Officers and Executives have already been instituted. Presently, the company is in an advanced stage of ensuring compliance under Section 404 of the act, relating to the certification by the CEO and CFO of the appropriateness of internal controls relating to financial reporting.
Responsibility statement of the board of directors
The directors responsibility statement, setting out the compliance with the accounting and financial reporting requirements specified under Section 217 (2AA) of the Companies (Amendment) Act, 2000, in respect of the financial statements, is annexed to this report.
The Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) had earlier issued the (Employee Stock Option Scheme and Employee Stock Purchase Scheme) Guidelines, 1999. This is effective for all stock option schemes established after June 19, 1999. In accordance with these guidelines, the excess of the market price of the underlying equity shares as of the date of the grant of the option over the exercise price of the option, including up-front payments, if any, is to be recognized and amortized on a straight line basis over the vesting period.
The companys 1994 stock option plan was established prior to SEBI guidelines on stock options. Shares under the 1994 stock option plan was granted to employees at Rs. 50/- per share (adjusted for stock split). The company also has the 1998 stock option plan and 1999 stock option plan. Under the 1998 and 1999 stock option plan, the options are issued to the employees at an exercise price not less than the fair market value.
22 | Directors report
Annual Report 2003 04
Applying the fair value method as defined in SFAS 123, the impact on the reported net profit and basic earnings per share would be as follows:
in Rs. crore | ||||||||
Year ended March 31, | 2004 | 2003 | ||||||
Net profit: |
||||||||
as reported |
1,243.47 | 957.93 | ||||||
adjusted pro forma |
1,016.10 | 679.22 | ||||||
Basic earnings per share: |
||||||||
as reported |
187.38 | 144.68 | ||||||
adjusted pro forma |
154.14 | 102.58 | ||||||
Employees Welfare Trust
In 1994, your company had issued 7,50,000 warrants to the Infosys Technologies Limited Employees Welfare Trust (the Trust), for the benefit of the employees, by creating a stock option plan viz., the 1994 Employees Stock Offer Plan. The Trust has successfully completed the administration of the 1994 Stock Offer Plan, which expires in September 2004. As of date, the Trust has in its ownership, 3,53,400 shares which are unutilized. These shares have been irrevocably granted to the Trust and are to be used for the benefit and welfare of the employees.
Your company now proposes to form a new Trust, which would undertake welfare activities for the benefit of the employees using as the corpus, the shares remaining in the ownership of the trust or any proceeds arising from the shares remaining as aforesaid.
Liquidity
Your company continues to be debt-free, and maintains sufficient cash to meet its strategic objectives. Liquidity in the balance sheet needs to balance between earning adequate returns and the need to cover the financial and business risks. Liquidity also enables your company to make a rapid shift in its direction, should the market so demand. Your company has recommended a one-time special dividend of Rs. 100 per share aggregating to Rs. 666.41 crore. This is a reflection of your companys focus on maintaining a fine balance between cash required for growth with that of enhancing returns to the shareholders. During the current year, internal cash accruals have more than adequately covered working capital requirements, capital expenditure of Rs. 429.87 crore and dividend payments, and have resulted in a surplus of Rs. 1,130.49 crore. As on March 31, 2004, your company had liquid assets including investments in liquid mutual funds, of Rs. 2,769.00 crore as against Rs. 1,638.51 crore at the previous year-end. These funds have been invested in deposits with banks, highly rated financial institutions and in liquid mutual funds.
Research and education initiatives
Your company trained over 7,441 employees as part of its Foundation Program training. Continuing education is imparted in advanced technologies and managerial skills for the employees. The project Management Competency Development initiative was launched to focus on enhancing project management competency across the company. The aggregate training imparted by your company to its employees exceeded 4,49,390 trainee person days.
The Infosys Fellowship Program, instituted by your company at 14 premier academic institutions in India to support research work leading to a PhD has been well received. At present, there are 38 Infosys Fellowship awardees undergoing PhD programs at various institutions. Ten Infosys fellows have completed the doctoral research / have submitted the thesis and most of them have already been awarded a PhD by the respective institutions.
Your company continues to leverage the collective knowledge of the organization for competitive advantage. The Knowledge Management (KM) program, initiated in August 2000, has resulted in the active generation and widespread use of reusable knowledge. The central
knowledge repository has, as of date, over 8,000 knowledge assets. Additionally, more than 10,000 artifacts were created by employees as direct deliverables. On an average, 2,500 knowledge assets are downloaded by Infoscions every work-day. You will be pleased to know that your company won the prestigious Global MAKE (Most Admired Knowledge Enterprises) award for the year 2003, along with 19 other worlds leading companies from across industries.
Infosys Foundation
Your company is committed to contributing to society. In 1996, it established the Infosys Foundation as a not-for-profit trust to support initiatives that benefit the society at large. The Foundation supports programs and organizations devoted to the cause of the destitute, rural poor, mentally challenged, belonging to the economically backward sections of the society. It also helps preserve certain arts and cultural activities of India, which are under the threat of dying out. Grants to the Foundation during the year aggregated Rs. 12.00 crore, as compared to Rs. 5.53 crore in the previous year.
A summary of the work done by the Foundation appears in the Infosys Foundation section of this report. On your behalf, your directors express their gratitude to the honorary trustees of the Foundation for sparing their valuable time and energy for the activities.
Community service
Your company, through its Computers@Classrooms initiative, launched in January 1999, has donated 729 computers to various institutions across India. Additionally, your company has applied to the relevant authorities for permission to donate computers to educational institutions on an on-going basis in the future. Microsoft Corporation continues to participate in this initiative by donating relevant software. We would like to place on record our appreciation for its continued support.
Awards
Your directors are happy to report some of the awards that your company received during the year.
| Infosys ranked 34 among WIRED
magazines 40 companies that are
reshaping the global economy |
|
| Business Week ranked Infosys 74
among the top 100 fastest growing IT
companies in the world |
|
| Infosys rated as Indias most respected company by FT-PwC survey. |
|
| In its latest book Beyond
Branding, the Medinge Group, a high
level international think-tank on
branding and business, has identified
Infosys as one of the eight companies
across the world as top brands with
a conscience |
|
| Infosys has been presented with a
Texas Instruments (TI) 2001 Supplier
Excellence Award. The award, given
annually, honors firms whose
dedication and commitment in
supplying products and services meet
TIs high standards for excellence |
|
| Institute of Chartered Accountants
of India award for excellence in
financial reporting for the year
2002-03 for the eighth successive
year. |
|
| Infosys won the prestigious Global
Most Admired Knowledge Enterprises
(MAKE) Award, for the year 2003 |
Fixed deposits
Your company has not accepted any fixed deposits and, as such, no amount of principal or interest was outstanding as of the balance sheet date.
Directors
As per Article 122 of the Articles of Association, Mr. Deepak M. Satwalekar, Prof. Marti G. Subrahmanyam, Mr. S Gopalakrishnan Mr. S. D. Shibulal and Mr. T. V. Mohandas Pai retire by rotation in the
Directors report | 23
Annual Report 2003 04
forthcoming Annual General Meeting. All of them, being eligible, offer themselves for reappointment.
Auditors
The auditors, Bharat S. Raut & Co. Chartered Accountants, retire at the ensuing Annual General Meeting and have confirmed their eligibility and willingness to accept office, if reappointed.
Secondary American Depositary Shares (ADS) offering
Your company successfully sponsored the Secondary American Depositary Shares Offering. A total of 10,109 offers consisting of 1,48,63,802 equity shares were received in the offer period, i.e. during July 16, 2003 to July 25, 2003. Of the received offers, 338 offers consisting of 24,630 equity shares were rejected for being invalid offers and the balance of 9,771 valid offers were accepted.
On July 31, 2003, 52,18,000 ADSs representing 26,09,000 equity shares were sold in the sponsored ADR offering at a price of US $ 49.00. On August 1, 2003, the Underwriters exercised the over allotment option and purchased a further 7,82,000 ADSs representing 3,91,000 equity shares at a price of US $ 49.00. The gross proceeds from the sale of the 60,00,000 ADSs representing 30,00,000 equity shares, aggregated to US $ 294 million.
Conservation of energy, research and development, technology absorption, foreign exchange earnings and outgo
The particulars as prescribed under Subsection (1)(e) of Section 217 of the Companies Act, 1956, read with the Companies (Disclosure of particulars in the report of the Board of Directors) Rules, 1988, are set out in the annexure included in this report.
Subsidiaries
Your company has three direct subsidiaries viz. Progeon Limited, Infosys Technologies Australia Pty. Limited and Infosys Technologies (Shanghai) Company Limited. As per Section 212 of the Companies Act, 1956, your company is required to attach the directors report, balance sheet and profit and loss account of these subsidiaries. Your company applied to the central government for an exemption from such attachment as it presents the audited consolidated accounts of the company and its subsidiaries in the annual report. Your company believes that the consolidated accounts present a full and fair picture of the state of affairs and the financial condition as is done globally. The Central Government has granted exemption from complying with Section 212 with respect to Progeon Limited and Infosys Technologies (Shanghai) Company Limited. Approval from the Central Government with respect to Infosys Technologies Australia Pty. Limited is awaited. Accordingly, the annual report of your company does not contain the financial statements of these subsidiaries, but contains the audited consolidated financial statements of the company and its subsidiaries.
The annual accounts of these subsidiary companies, along with related information, is available for inspection during business hours at the companys registered office.
Your company has one step-down subsidiary Progeon SRO (wholly owned subsidiary of Progeon Limited). Progeon SRO was incorporated on February 4, 2004 in Brno, Czech Republic. The company has not commenced any business operations as of the date of this report. Hence, the annual report of your company does not contain the financial statements of Progeon SRO.
Particulars of employees
As required under the provisions of section 217(2A) of the Companies Act, 1956, read with the Companies (Particulars of employees) Rules, 1975, as amended, the names and other particulars of employees are set out in the annexure included in this report. The Department of Company Affairs, has recently amended the Companies (Particulars of employees) Rules, 1975 to the effect that particulars of employees of companies engaged in Information Technology sector posted and working outside India not being directors or their relatives, drawing more than rupees twenty four lakh per financial year or rupees two lakh per month, as the case may be, need not be included in the statement but, such particulars shall be furnished to the Registrar of Companies. Accordingly, the statement included in this report does not contain the particulars of employees who are posted and working outside India.
Acknowledgments
Your directors thank the companys clients, vendors, investors and bankers for their continued support during the year. Your directors place on record their appreciation of the contribution made by employees at all levels. Your companys consistent growth was made possible by their hard work, solidarity, cooperation and support.
Your directors thank the Government of China, Australia, Mauritius and the Czech Republic. Your directors also thank the Government of India, particularly the Ministry of Communication and Information Technology, the Customs and Excise Departments, the Income Tax Department, the Software Technology Parks Bangalore, Chennai, Hyderabad, Mohali, Mysore, Pune, Bhubaneswar, Mangalore, Thiruvananthapuram and New Delhi, the Ministry of Commerce, the Ministry of Finance, the Reserve Bank of India, the state governments, and other government agencies for their support, and look forward to their continued support in the future.
For and on behalf of the board of directors | ||||
Nandan M. Nilekani | N. R. Narayana Murthy | |||
Bangalore April 13, 2004 |
Chief
Executive Officer, President and Managing Director |
Chairman and Chief Mentor |
24 | Directors report
Annual Report 2003 04
Annexure to the directors report
a) | Particulars pursuant to Companies
(Disclosure of particulars in the report
of the Board of Directors) Rules, 1988 |
1. Conservation of energy
The operations of your company are not energy-intensive. However, significant measures are taken to reduce energy consumption by using energy-efficient computers and by purchasing energy-efficient equipment. Your company constantly evaluates new technologies and invests to make its infrastructure more energy-efficient. Currently, your company uses CFL fittings and electronic ballasts to reduce the power consumption of fluorescent tubes. A building automation system to control the working of air conditioners and to make them more energy-efficient, has been implemented. Air conditioners with energy-efficient screw compressors for central air conditioning and air conditioners with split air conditioning for localized areas are used. High efficiency, hydro-pneumatic pumps are being used in water pumping systems. As energy costs comprise a very small part of your companys total expenses, the financial impact of these measures is not material.
In addition, your company is using amorphous core transformers in place of conventional transformers in all its locations, which operate at an efficiency of over 99%. Your company is also using power factor correctors at the supply level of the state grid power to achieve high energy efficiency.
2. Research and Development (R&D)
Research and development of new services, designs, frameworks, processes and methodologies continue to be of importance at your company. This allows your company to enhance quality, productivity and customer satisfaction through continuous innovation.
a. R&D initiative at institutes of national importance
This initiative has been described in the Research and education initiatives section in the Directors report.
b. Specific areas for R&D at your company
Your company spent Rs. 44.54 crore on R&D in the financial year 2004. Of this, Rs. 20.66 crore was spent on enhancing and developing new functionalities in the banking product suite Finacle®. As a result, today, Finacle® is one of the premier banking product suites in the world with over 94 customers across 27 countries.
The remainder amount of Rs. 23.88 crore was spent on methodologies and new technologies, which allow your company to improve its service capabilities. Your company has further enhanced the requirements modeling tool InFlux to include performance modeling. Increased deployment is helping your company capture software requirements better and is reducing requirements-related defects in its development projects. This allows the company to differentiate its development methodology.
Your companys Domain Competency Group (DCG) is developing new models for several vertical industry segments. These industry solutions address some of the current problems faced by these industries. Examples are Straight Through Processing (STP) for the financial services industry, Perishables Management for the grocery industry, and HIPAA for the health care industry.
Your companys employees have published several papers in international and domestic journals and magazines on various topics. A book has been brought out based on the research done by our Software Engineering and Technology Labs (SETLabs) called The Art and Technology of Software Engineering. Your companys employees have also participated as speakers in several international and domestic conferences.
c. Benefits derived as a result of R&D activity
Your companys performance testing center and the e-commerce research labs have been instrumental in building expertise in the areas of software performance solutions, testing, architecture and prototype development.
d. Future plan of action
There will be continued focus on and increased investment in the above R&D activities. Future benefits are expected to flow in from initiatives undertaken this year.
e. Expenditure on R&D for the year ended March 31,
in Rs. crore | ||||||||
2004 | 2003 | |||||||
Revenue expenditure |
43.06 | 13.77 | ||||||
Capital expenditure |
1.48 | 0.67 | ||||||
Total R&D expenditure |
44.54 | 14.44 | ||||||
R&D expenditure as a
percentage of total revenue |
0.94 | % | 0.40 | % | ||||
3. Technology absorption, adaptation and innovation
Your company has identified three thought leadership areas Knowledge Management, Collaborative Technologies and Convergence Technologies. Your company has created technology roadmaps in these areas that anticipate changes based on the evolution of technology in two to five years. Based on these technology roadmaps, your company has created various scenarios in vertical industry segments and has developed proof-of-concept applications, along with clients and technology partners. For instance, your company has created proof-of-concept applications in collaborative technologies such as .NET along with Microsoft. This has been demonstrated to its clients, and has resulted in your company getting several new projects in the .NET technology area. As mentioned earlier, your company has won the prestigious Most Admired Knowledge Enterprise (MAKE) award for its knowledge management practices.
4. Foreign exchange earnings and outgo
a. | Activities relating to exports,
initiatives taken to increase exports,
development of new export markets for
products and services, and export plans |
In fiscal 2004, 98.6% of revenues were derived from exports. Over the years, your company has established a substantial direct-marketing network around the world, including North America, Europe and the Asia Pacific regions. These offices are staffed with sales and marketing specialists, who sell your companys services to large, international clients.
During the year, your company opened marketing offices in Reston and Rochester, USA. Your company also launched a global initiative to increase the awareness of the Infosys brand, and of its products and services. Several press and public relations exercises were launched in the US to enhance your companys visibility. Further, your company plans to continue to participate in specific international exhibitions to promote its products and services.
b. | Foreign exchange earned and used for
the year ended March 31, |
in Rs. crore | ||||||||
2004 | 2003 | |||||||
Earnings |
4,532.56 | 3,377.87 | ||||||
Outflow (including capital goods
and imported software packages) |
2,007.54 | 1,593.85 | ||||||
Net |
2,525.02 | 1,784.02 | ||||||
For and on behalf of the board of directors |
||||
Nandan M. Nilekani | N. R. Narayana Murthy | |||
Bangalore
|
Chief Executive Officer, | Chairman and Chief Mentor | ||
April 13, 2004
|
President and Managing Director |
Directors report | 25
Annual Report 2003 04
Annexure to the directors report
Sl No. | Name | Designation | Qualification | Age(Years) | ||||
1
|
Anurag Gupta | Delivery Manager | BSc, MCA | 39 | ||||
2
|
Balakrishnan V. | Senior Vice President Finance & Company Secretary | BSc, ACS, CA | 39 | ||||
3
|
Balasubramanian P. | Senior Vice President Infosys Leadership Institute | BTech, MTech, PhD | 54 | ||||
4
|
Binod H. R. | Vice President Commercial & Facilities | BE | 41 | ||||
5
|
Chandra Shekar Kakal | Vice President Hyderabad Development Centre | BE, MBA, PGD | 43 | ||||
6
|
Dheeshjith V. G. | Vice President Transportation & Services | BSc, ME | 40 | ||||
*7
|
Elangovan K. | Delivery Manager | BE | 35 | ||||
8
|
Ganesh Gopalakrishnan | Vice President Delivery | ||||||
9
|
Girish G. Vaidya | Senior Vice President Banking Business Unit | BE, PGD | 53 | ||||
10
|
Hema Ravichandar | Senior Vice President Human Resources Development |
BA, PGD | 42 | ||||
*11
|
Jayaram G. K. | Director Infosys Leadership Institute and Advisor to Management Council | BSc, BE, PGD, PhD | 62 | ||||
*12
|
Mohan Sekhar | Senior Vice President Delivery (North Americas) | BE, MS | 41 | ||||
13
|
Mohandas Pai T. V. | Director Chief Financial Officer & Head Finance & Administration |
BCom, LLB, FCA | 45 | ||||
14
|
Narendran Koduvattat | Vice President Resources, Energy and Utilities (Insurance, Health Care & Life Sciences) |
BSc BE(H), PGD |
37 41 |
||||
15
|
Parameswar Y. | Vice President Product Engineering | BE, MTech | 48 | ||||
16
|
Prabhu M. S. S. | Senior Vice President Engineering & IT Solutions for Aero & Auto |
BE, PhD | 56 | ||||
17
|
Pravin Rao U. B. | Senior Vice President Retail, Distribution & CPG | BE | 42 | ||||
18
|
Ramadas Kamath U. | Vice President Accounts & Administration | BBM, CA | 43 | ||||
*19
|
Ramesh M. Adkoli | Associate Vice President Delivery (Canada & North East Region) |
BSc (Applied), MCA | 44 | ||||
20
|
Ravindra Muthya Pranesha Rao | Vice President Education & Research | BSc, MSc, PhD | 56 | ||||
21
|
Samson David | Associate Vice President Delivery (Asia Pacific) | BE | 35 | ||||
22
|
Sanjay Jalona | Associate Vice President Delivery (Europe) | MSc (Tech) | 35 | ||||
23
|
Satyendra Kumar | Vice President Quality & Productivity | BSc(H), MSc | 51 | ||||
24
|
Shibulal S. D. | Director and Head World-wide Customer Delivery | BSc, MSc, MS | 49 | ||||
25
|
Sivashankar J. | Vice President Information Systems | BTech, MMS | 44 | ||||
*26
|
Sreenath N. | Vice President Delivery (South and Mid-West Region) | BE | 39 | ||||
27
|
Srinath Batni | Director Strategic Groups & Co-Customer Delivery | BE, ME | 49 | ||||
28
|
Srinivas B. G. | Vice President Enterprise Solutions | BE | 43 | ||||
29
|
Srinivas Uppaluri | Associate Vice President Corporate Marketing | BSc, CA | 41 | ||||
30
|
Subramanyam G. V. | Vice President Software Engineering & Technology Labs & Microsoft Applications Solutions Practice |
BE | 37 | ||||
[Continued from above table, first column(s) repeated]
Sl No. | Name | Date of Joining | Experience | Gross | ||||||
(Years) | Remuneration (Rs.) | Previous Employment - Designation | ||||||||
1
|
Anurag Gupta | 15-Jan-2002 | 17 | 26,57,503 | American Express Bank Ltd. Director | |||||
2
|
Balakrishnan V. | 2-Sep-1991 | 17 | 36,00,739 | Amco Batteries Ltd. Senior Accounts Executive | |||||
3
|
Balasubramanian P. | 1-Oct-1995 | 26 | 29,87,421 | Hitek Software Engineers Ltd. CEO/Technical Director | |||||
4
|
Binod H. R. | 2-Aug-1993 | 18 | 25,02,045 | Mico-Senior Engineer Technical Sales | |||||
5
|
Chandra Shekar Kakal | 1-Mar-1999 | 20 | 26,23,682 | Ramco Systems Product Manager | |||||
6
|
Dheeshjith V. G. | 14-Sep-1987 | 17 | 24,32,261 | | |||||
*7
|
Elangovan K. | 23-Jul-1990 | 14 | 15,16,450 | | |||||
8
|
Ganesh Gopalakrishnan | |||||||||
9
|
Girish G. Vaidya | 22-Jan-1999 | 29 | 32,11,242 | ANZ Grindlays Head & Director Operations | |||||
10
|
Hema Ravichandar | 30-Dec-1998 | 21 | 29,41,826 | Empower Associates Proprietor | |||||
*11
|
Jayaram G. K. | 5-Jan-2001 | 33 | 16,95,592 | Transformation Systems, Inc. Chairman | |||||
*12
|
Mohan Sekhar | 17-Aug-1998 | 17 | 24,13,686 | AT&T Head | |||||
13
|
Mohandas Pai T. V. | 17-Oct-1994 | 22 | 30,50,600 | Prakash Leasing Limited Executive Director | |||||
14
|
Narendran Koduvatt | 8-Mar-1993 2-May-1994 |
17 17 |
25,24,389 25,13,208 |
PSI Data Systems Ltd. Senior Software Engineer Asian Paints India Ltd. Systems Executive |
|||||
15
|
Parameswar Y. | 14-Oct-1996 | 25 | 24,46,315 | C-Dot Divisional Manager | |||||
16
|
Prabhu M. S. S. | 1-Aug-1997 | 32 | 24,87,754 | TCS Vice President | |||||
17
|
Pravin Rao U. B. | 4-Aug-1986 | 19 | 29,92,771 | Indian Institute of Science Trainee | |||||
18
|
Ramadas Kamath U. | 1-Jul-1994 | 19 | 28,34,472 | Manipal Printers And Publishers Ltd. Accountant | |||||
*19
|
Ramesh M. Adkoli | 17-Jun-1991 | 19 | 18,98,461 | Ballarpur Industries Ltd. Production Incharge | |||||
20
|
Ravindra Muthya Pranesha Rao | 13-Aug-2001 | 11 | 24,47,322 | HCL Technologies Vice President | |||||
21
|
Samson David | 15-Mar-1992 | 14 | 27,75,485 | Service Engineer Voltas Ltd. | |||||
22
|
Sanjay Jalona | 15-Dec-2000 | 14 | 25,11,658 | Gemplus India Pvt. Ltd. Director | |||||
23
|
Satyendra Kumar | 27-Sep-2000 | 28 | 25,16,636 | IMR Global Vice-President | |||||
24
|
Shibulal S. D. | 1-Sep-1981 | 28 | 99,39,882 | Sun Microsystems, Senior I. R. Manager | |||||
25
|
Sivashankar J. | 22-Jan-1999 | 20 | 24,54,023 | Anuvin Business Solutions Director | |||||
*26
|
Sreenath N. | 20-Apr-1987 | 18 | 19,51,034 | Kirloskar Computers Trainee | |||||
27
|
Srinath Batni | 15-Jun-1992 | 26 | 27,31,466 | PSI Bull (I) Ltd Senior Manager Marketing Technical Support | |||||
28
|
Srinivas B. G. | 3-May-1999 | 19 | 26,17,554 | Asea Brown Boveri Manager ERP | |||||
29
|
Srinivas Uppaluri | 21-Aug-2002 | 19 | 29,74,366 | Andersen Business Consulting Director, Business Consulting | |||||
30
|
Subramanyam G. V. | 15-Jun-1988 | 16 | 24,18,445 | | |||||
*Employed for part of the year. | For and on behalf of the board of directors |
|||||
Notes:
|
Remuneration comprises basic salary, allowances and taxable value of perquisites. | |||||
None of the employees is related to any director of the company. | ||||||
None of the employees owns more than 1% of the outstanding shares of the company as on March 31, 2004. | ||||||
Bangalore | Nandan M. Nilekani | N. R. Narayana Murthy | ||||
April 13, 2004 | Chief Executive Officer, President and | Chairman and Chief Mentor | ||||
Managing Director |
26 | Directors report
Annual Report 2003 04
Annexure to the directors report (contd.)
c) The directors responsibility statement as required under Section 217 (2AA) of the Companies (Amendment) Act, 2000
The financial statements are prepared in conformity with the accounting standards issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India and the requirements of the Companies Act, 1956, to the extent applicable to the company; on the historical cost convention; as a going concern and on the accrual basis. There are no material departures from prescribed accounting standards in the adoption of the accounting standards. The accounting policies used in the preparation of the financial statements have been consistently applied except where otherwise stated in the notes on accounts.
The board of directors and the management of your company accept responsibility for the integrity and objectivity of these financial statements. The estimates and judgments relating to the financial statements have been made on a prudent and reasonable basis, in order that the financial statements reflect in a true and fair manner, the form and substance of transactions, and reasonably present the companys state of affairs and profits for the year. To ensure this, the company has taken proper and sufficient care in installing a system of internal control and accounting records; for safeguarding assets; and for preventing and detecting frauds as well as other irregularities; which is reviewed, evaluated and updated on an ongoing basis. Our internal auditors have conducted periodic audits to provide reasonable assurance that the established policies and procedures of the company have been followed. However, there are inherent limitations that should be recognized in weighing the assurances provided by any system of internal controls and accounts.
The financial statements have been audited by Bharat S. Raut & Co., Chartered Accountants, the statutory auditors.
The audit committee of your company meets periodically with the internal auditors and the statutory auditors to review the manner in which the auditors are discharging their responsibilities, and to discuss auditing, internal control and financial reporting issues. To ensure complete independence, the statutory auditors and the internal auditors have full and free access to the members of the audit committee to discuss any matter of substance.
For and on behalf of the board of directors
Nandan M. Nilekani | N. R. Narayana Murthy | |||
Bangalore
|
Chief Executive Officer, | Chairman and Chief Mentor | ||
April 13, 2004
|
President and Managing Director |
Auditors certificate on Corporate Governance to the Members of Infosys Technologies Limited
We have examined the compliance of conditions of Corporate Governance by Infosys Technologies Limited (the Company), for the year ended on 31 March 2004, as stipulated in clause 49 of the Listing Agreement of the said Company with the stock exchanges.
The compliance of conditions of Corporate Governance is the responsibility of the management. Our examination was limited to procedures and implementation thereof, adopted by the Company for ensuring the compliance of the conditions of Corporate Governance. It is neither an audit nor an expression of opinion on the financial statements of the Company.
In our opinion and to the best of our information and according to the explanations given to us, we certify that the Company has complied with the conditions of Corporate Governance as stipulated in the above mentioned Listing Agreement.
We state that no investor grievance is pending for a period exceeding one month against the Company as per the records maintained by the Investors Grievance Committee. The exceptions have been for cases constrained by disputes or legal impediments.
We further state that such compliance is neither an assurance as to the future viability of the Company nor the efficiency or effectiveness with which the management has conducted the affairs of the Company.
for Bharat S. Raut & Co.
Chartered Accountants
Bangalore | S. Balasubrahmanyam | |
April 13, 2004 | Partner | |
Membership No. 53315 |
Directors report | 27
Annual Report 2003 04
Selective data
in Rs. crore, except per share data, other information and ratios | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Particulars | 1982 | 1996 | 1997 | 1998 | 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
For the year |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Income |
0.12 | 88.56 | 139.21 | 257.66 | 508.89 | 882.32 | 1,900.56 | 2,603.59 | 3,622.69 | 4,760.89 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Operating profit (PBIDTA) |
0.04 | 31.37 | 46.79 | 85.90 | 201.63 | 346.57 | 764.84 | 1,037.63 | 1,272.04 | 1,583.65 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest |
| | 0.61 | | | | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
| 8.63 | 10.52 | 22.75 | 35.89 | 53.23 | 112.89 | 160.65 | 188.95 | 230.90 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Provision for taxation |
| 4.31 | 5.25 | 5.50 | 22.94 | 39.70 | 72.71 | 135.43 | 201.00 | 227.00 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Profit after tax from ordinary activities |
0.04 | 21.01 | 33.68 | 60.36 | 132.92 | 285.95 | 623.32 | 807.96 | 957.93 | 1,243.47 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dividend |
| 3.63 | 3.99 | 7.03 | 12.11 | 29.76 | 66.15 | 132.36 | 178.81 | 196.05 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
One-time special dividend |
| | | | | | | | | 666.41 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Capital expenditure |
| 15.55 | 27.31 | 34.41 | 71.68 | 159.87 | 463.35 | 322.74 | 219.26 | 429.87 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Return on average networth (%) |
96.88 | 29.53 | 34.96 | 42.24 | 54.16 | 40.63 | 56.08 | 46.57 | 38.78 | 40.68 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Return on average capital employed (PBIT / average capital employed) (%) |
96.88 | 33.12 | 40.16 | 46.09 | 63.51 | 46.27 | 62.62 | 54.37 | 46.91 | 48.10 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
As at the end of the year |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Share capital |
| 7.26 | 7.26 | 16.02 | 33.07 | 33.08 | 33.08 | 33.09 | 33.12 | 33.32 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Reserves and surplus |
0.04 | 72.58 | 105.58 | 156.94 | 541.36 | 800.23 | 1,356.56 | 2,047.22 | 2,827.53 | 3,220.11 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Loan funds |
| 4.26 | | | | | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gross block |
| 46.86 | 71.29 | 105.14 | 168.92 | 284.03 | 631.14 | 960.60 | 1,273.31 | 1,570.23 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
0.02 | 29.78 | 28.78 | 51.14 | 416.66 | 508.37 | 577.74 | 1,026.96 | 1,638.51 | 1,839.40 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Investment in money market funds |
| | | | | | | | | 929.60 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net current assets |
0.06 | 41.17 | 54.20 | 97.23 | 472.96 | 612.13 | 797.86 | 1,293.41 | 2,017.92 | 1,220.12 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Debt-equity ratio |
| 0.05 | | | | | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Market capitalization |
NA | 355.67 | 731.04 | 2,963.42 | 9,672.80 | 59,338.17 | 26,926.35 | 24,654.33 | 26,847.33 | 32,908.69 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Per share data |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Basic earnings from ordinary activities (Rs.) |
| 3.18 | 5.09 | 9.13 | 20.71 | 43.23 | 94.23 | 122.12 | 144.68 | 187.38 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dividend (Rs.)* |
| 2.50 | 2.75 | 3.00 | 3.75 | 4.50 | 10.00 | 20.00 | 27.00 | 29.50 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
One-time special dividend (Rs.) |
| | | | | | | | | 100.00 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Book value (Rs.) |
| 12.07 | 17.06 | 26.15 | 86.84 | 125.97 | 210.05 | 314.31 | 431.84 | 488.20 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other information |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Number of shareholders |
7 | 6,909 | 6,414 | 6,622 | 9,527 | 46,314 | 89,643 | 88,650 | 77,010 | 66,945 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Credit rating from CRISIL |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial paper |
| "P1+" | "P1+" | "P1+" | "P1+" | "P1+" | "P1+" | "P1+" | "P1+" | "P1+" | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-convertible debentures |
| "AA" | "AA" | "AA" | "AA" | "AA" | "AAA" | "AAA" | "AAA" | "AAA" | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Corporate governance rating |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Standard & Poors (in scale of 10) |
| | | | | | | | | CGS 8.6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
ICRA |
| | | | | | | | | CGR 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
CRISIL |
| | | | | | | | | GVC level 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
28 | Selective data
Annual Report 2003 04
Selective data
Note:
|
1. | Market capitalization is calculated by considering the share price at the National Stock Exchange as on March 31 of the respective years and the shares outstanding on that date. | ||||
2. | The figures above are based on unconsolidated Indian GAAP financial statements. |
Selective data | 29
Annual Report 2003 04
Managements discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations
Overview
The financial statements have been prepared in compliance with the requirements of the Companies Act, 1956, and Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) in India. The management of Infosys accepts responsibility for the integrity and objectivity of these financial statements, as well as for various estimates and judgments used therein The estimates and judgments relating to the financial statements have been made on a prudent and reasonable basis, in order that the financial statements reflect in a true and fair manner the form and substance of transactions, and reasonably present the companys state of affairs and profits for the year.
A. | Financial condition |
|||
1. | Share capital |
At present, the company has only one class of shares equity shares of par value Rs. 5 each. The authorized share capital of the company is Rs. 50 crore divided into 10 crore equity shares of Rs. 5.
During the year, 309 employees exercised 2,58,870 ADSs (equivalent to 1,29,435 equity shares of par value of Rs. 5 each) issued under the 1998 Stock Option Plan, and 2,652 employees exercised 2,68,543 equity shares issued under the 1999 Stock Option Plan. Consequently, the issued, subscribed and outstanding shares increased by 3,97,978 equity shares. During the previous year, 120 employees exercised 89,540 ADSs (equivalent to 44,770 equity shares of par value of Rs. 5 each) issued under the 1998 Stock Option Plan and 296 employees exercised 12,178 equity shares under the 1999 stock option plan, leading to an increase in issued, subscribed and outstanding shares by 56,948 equity shares. Details of options granted, outstanding and vested are given elsewhere in this report.
3. | Fixed assets |
As of March 31, | in Rs. crore | |||||||||||
2004 | 2003 | Growth % | ||||||||||
Gross book value | ||||||||||||
Land free-hold |
20.05 | 15.88 | 26.3 | |||||||||
lease-hold |
70.20 | 31.40 | 123.6 | |||||||||
Buildings |
459.61 | 385.53 | 19.2 | |||||||||
Plant and machinery |
281.39 | 227.32 | 23.8 | |||||||||
Computer equipment |
444.86 | 361.73 | 23.0 | |||||||||
Furniture and fixtures |
251.55 | 208.97 | 20.4 | |||||||||
Vehicles |
0.43 | 0.35 | 22.9 | |||||||||
Intangible assets |
42.15 | 42.13 | | |||||||||
Total |
1,570.23 | 1,273.31 | 23.3 | |||||||||
Less: accumulated
depreciation |
803.41 | 577.15 | 39.2 | |||||||||
Net block |
766.82 | 696.16 | 10.1 | |||||||||
Add: capital
work-in-progress |
203.48 | 76.56 | 165.8 | |||||||||
Net fixed assets |
970.30 | 772.72 | 25.6 | |||||||||
Depreciation as a % of
total revenues |
4.8 | % | 5.2 | % | NA | |||||||
Accumulated depreciation
as a % of gross block |
51.2 | % | 45.3 | % | NA | |||||||
Year ended March 31, | 2004 | 2003 | ||||||||||||||
Nos. | Rs. crore | Nos. | Rs. crore | |||||||||||||
Balance at the beginning of the fiscal year |
6,62,43,078 | 33.12 | 6,61,86,130 | 33.09 | ||||||||||||
Shares issued during the year upon
conversion of: |
||||||||||||||||
options issued under 1998 plan |
1,29,435 | 0.06 | 44,770 | 0.02 | ||||||||||||
options issued under 1999 plan |
2,68,543 | 0.14 | 12,178 | 0.01 | ||||||||||||
Balance at the end of the fiscal year |
6,66,41,056 | 33.32 | 6,62,43,078 | 33.12 | ||||||||||||
2. | Reserves and surplus |
The addition to the share premium account of Rs. 122.07 crore during the year is due to the premium received on issue of 3,97,978 equity shares, on exercise of options under the 1998 and 1999 Stock Option Plans. During the previous year, an amount of Rs. 13.49 crore was added to the share premium account, received on issue of 56,948 equity shares, on exercise of options issued under the 1998 and 1999 Stock Option Plans.
Out of the profits for the year ended March 31, 2004, Rs. 200.00 crore has been transferred to General Reserve and the balance of Rs. 70.51 crore (after providing for dividend) has been retained in profit and loss account.
Due to several new development centers being operationalized during the year, the costs for computer equipment, plant and machinery, and furniture and fixtures increased by Rs. 88.86 crore, Rs. 54.33 crore and Rs. 42.62 crore, respectively. As of March 31, 2004, the company had a built-up area of 40,46,250 square feet, capable of accommodating 22,730 professionals and 22,27,000 square feet under construction, capable of accommodating 8,400 professionals. In addition, the company has leased office space of 27,000 square feet in Mauritius for a disaster recovery center. The company has also leased 1,05,522 square meters of land from the Government of Mauritius.
During the previous year, the company added Rs. 317.86 crore to its gross block, including investment in computer equipment of Rs. 76.11 crore. As of March 31, 2003, the company had 34,31,350 square feet of space capable of accommodating 16,970 professionals and 4,07,400 square feet under construction, capable of accommodating 3,300 professionals.
The capital work-in-progress as of March 31, 2004 and 2003 represents advances paid towards acquisition of fixed assets, and the cost of assets not put to use.
During the year, the company retired / transferred various assets with a gross block of Rs. 6.03 crore and a net book value of Rs. 1.40 crore due to sales, donations, etc. Included in the above is the donation of
30 | Managements discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations
Annual Report 2003 04
729 computer systems costing Rs. 3.34 crore (book value Rs. 0/-). During the previous year, the company retired / transferred various assets with a gross block of Rs. 5.15 crore and a net book value of Rs. 0.32 crore, including a donation of 305 computer systems costing Rs. 1.93 crore (book value Rs. 6/-).
The company has a capital expenditure commitment of Rs. 192.49 crore as of March 31, 2004, as compared to Rs. 86.49 crore as of March 31, 2003. The company expects to spend between Rs. 600 to Rs. 750 crore in capital expenditure during the financial year ending March 31, 2005. The company believes that it will be able to fund its expansion plans through internal accruals and liquid assets.
4. | Investments |
The company has made several strategic investments aggregating Rs. 153.13 crore in various companies. These investments are strategic in nature and are aimed at procuring substantial business benefits to Infosys. Total outstanding investment by the company net of provisioning as at March 31, 2004 is Rs. 97.78 crore. The corresponding number as at March 31, 2003 was Rs. 33.20 crore.
4.1 | Progeon Limited |
The company established Progeon Limited as a majority owned and controlled subsidiary on April 3, 2002, to provide business process management services. During the year ended March 31, 2003, the company invested an amount of Rs. 12.25 crore in 1,22,49,993 equity shares of Rs. 10/- each, fully paid, par value of Rs. 10/- each. During the year ended March 31, 2004, the company invested an additional amount of Rs. 12.25 crore in 1,22,50,000 equity shares of Rs. 10/-each, fully paid, par value of Rs. 10/- each. Pursuant to this, the total investment by the company as of March 31, 2004 is Rs. 24.50 crore. Progeon seeks to leverage the benefits of service delivery globalization, process redesign and technology to drive efficiency and cost effectiveness in customer business processes. During the year ended March 31, 2003, Progeon obtained its financial closure by securing funding of Rs. 49.00 crore from Citicorp International Finance Corporation, USA (CIFC), in exchange for 43,75,000 cumulative, convertible, redeemable preferred shares of face value Rs. 100/- at a premium of Rs. 12/- per share. During the year ended March 31, 2004, CIFC invested an additional amount of Rs. 44.80 crore in exchange for 43,75,000 cumulative, convertible, redeemable preferred shares of face value Rs. 100/- at premium of Rs. 2.40 per share. The preference shares are convertible to an equal number of equity shares based on certain events as agreed between the company and CIFC.
S. D. Shibulal and T. V. Mohandas Pai, members of the board of Infosys, are also directors in Progeon. T. V. Mohandas Pai is the Chairperson of Progeon.
4.2 | Infosys Technologies (Australia) Pty. Limited |
On January 2, 2004, the company acquired 100% of equity in Expert Information Services Pty. Limited, Australia. The transaction value approximates A $ 32.0 million (US $ 24.32 million or Rs. 110.91 crore). The consideration comprises a payment in cash on conclusion, an earn-out on achieving financial conditions over a three year period ending March 31, 2007, and the release of the balance retained in escrow for representations and warranties made by the selling share holders. The acquired company has been renamed as Infosys Technologies (Australia) Pty. Limited. This investment would enable the company to increase its market share in the Australian market and increase its access to a large pool of local talent. As of March 31, 2004, the company had invested Rs. 66.69 crore.
K. Dinesh and Srinath Batni, members of the board of Infosys, are also directors in Infosys Technologies (Australia) Pty. Limited. K. Dinesh is the Chairperson of Infosys Technologies (Australia) Pty. Limited.
4.3 | Infosys Technologies (Shanghai) Co. Limited |
On October 10, 2003, the company set up a wholly-owned subsidiary in the Peoples Republic of China named Infosys Technologies (Shanghai) Co. Limited. The subsidiary will be capitalized at US $ 5 million (Rs. 22.78 crore). As of March 31, 2004, the company had invested US $ 1 million (Rs. 4.55 crore) in the subsidiary. This investment would enable the company to tap the large Chinese domestic market and also to deliver services for markets in Asia Pacific.
N. R. Narayana Murthy, Srinath Batni and T. V. Mohandas Pai, members of the board of Infosys, are also directors in Infosys Technologies (Shanghai) Co. Limited. N. R. Narayana Murthy is the Chairperson of Infosys Technologies (Shanghai) Co. Limited.
4.4 | Infosys Consulting, Inc. |
Subsequent to the year end, on April 8, 2004, the Board approved the formation of a new wholly-owned subsidiary, Infosys Consulting, Inc., incorporated in Texas, USA (Infosys Consulting) to add high-end consulting capabilities to Infosys global delivery model. The Board approved an investment of up to US $ 20 million in Infosys Consulting.
N. R. Narayana Murthy, S. Gopalakrishnan and S. D. Shibulal, members of the board of Infosys, are also directors in Infosys Consulting, Inc. S. Gopalakrishnan is the Chairperson of Infosys Consulting, Inc.
4.5 | Investment in liquid mutual funds |
As of March 31, 2004, the company had invested Rs. 929.60 crore in liquid mutual funds. The company derived an average yield of 4.08% (tax free) from these investments. The companys treasury policy allows it to invest in short-term funds of certain size with a limit on individual funds.
4.6 Other investments
in Rs. crore | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Company | Opening | Additions | Amount | Closing | ||||||||||||||||||||
balance | during the year | written off | Redemption | Provisions | Balance | |||||||||||||||||||
Yantra Corporation, USA, |
7.06 | | | | 7.06 | | ||||||||||||||||||
CyVera Corporation, USA |
| | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||
JASDIC Park Company, Japan |
0.75 | | 0.75 | | | | ||||||||||||||||||
Asia Net Media (BVI) Ltd., the British Virgin Islands |
6.85 | | | | 6.85 | | ||||||||||||||||||
OnMobile Systems Inc., (formerly Onscan Inc.) USA |
8.95 | | | | 8.95 | | ||||||||||||||||||
Workadia Inc. USA |
10.32 | | 7.10 | 3.22 | | | ||||||||||||||||||
M-Commerce Ventures Pte. Ltd, Singapore |
2.11 | 0.54 | | 0.61 | | 2.04 | ||||||||||||||||||
CiDRA Corporation, USA |
13.40 | | 2.24 | 6.05 | 5.11 | | ||||||||||||||||||
Alpha Thinx Mobile Phone Services AG, Austria |
2.21 | | 2.21 | | | | ||||||||||||||||||
Stratify Inc. (formerly PurpleYogi Inc.), USA |
2.33 | | 1.86 | 0.47 | | | ||||||||||||||||||
Total |
53.98 | 0.54 | 14.16 | 10.35 | 27.97 | 2.04 | ||||||||||||||||||
Managements discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations | 31
Annual Report 2003 04
5. | Deferred tax assets |
The standard on accounting for taxes on income became mandatory effective April 1, 2001. The company recorded deferred tax assets aggregating Rs. 35.63 crore as of March 31, 2004 (Rs. 36.81 crore as of March 31, 2003). Deferred tax assets represent timing differences in the financial and tax books arising out of depreciation on assets, investment provisions and provision for sundry debtors.
6. | Sundry debtors |
Sundry debtors amount to Rs. 632.51 crore (net of provision for doubtful debts amounting to Rs. 13.36 crore) as of March 31, 2004, as compared with Rs. 512.14 crore (net of provision for doubtful debts amounting to Rs. 14.31 crore) as of March 31, 2003. These debtors are considered good and realizable. The need for provisions is assessed based on various factors including collectibility of specific dues, risk perceptions of the industry in which the customer operates and general economic factors which could affect the customers ability to settle. Provisions are generally made for all debtors outstanding for more than 180 days as also for others, depending on the managements perception of the risk. Debtors are at 13.29% of revenues for the year ended March 31, 2004, as compared to 14.14% for the previous year, representing an outstanding of 48 days and 52 days of revenues for the respective years.
The unbilled revenues as of March 31, 2004 and 2003 amounted to Rs. 92.86 crore and Rs. 91.64 crore respectively. Including the unbilled revenues, debtors represented an outstanding of 56 days and 61 days of revenues for the respective years.
The age profile of debtors is given below.
As of March 31, | ||||||||
Period in days | 2004 | 2003 | ||||||
0 - 30 |
68.6 | % | 66.1 | % | ||||
31 - 60 |
25.6 | % | 28.7 | % | ||||
61 - 90 |
4.6 | % | 3.9 | % | ||||
More than 90 |
1.2 | % | 1.3 | % | ||||
100.0 | % | 100.0 | % | |||||
The movement in provisions for doubtful debts during the year is:
in Rs. crore | |||||||||
Year ended March 31, | 2004 | 2003 | |||||||
Opening balance |
14.31 | 19.23 | |||||||
Add: Amount provided during the year |
15.99 | 0.73 | |||||||
Less: Amount written-off during the year |
16.94 | 5.65 | |||||||
Closing balance |
13.36 | 14.31 | |||||||
7. | Cash and cash equivalents |
The bank balances in India include both Rupee accounts and foreign currency accounts. The bank balances in overseas current accounts are maintained to meet the expenditure of the overseas branches and project-related expenditure overseas.
in Rs. crore | |||||||||
As of March 31, | 2004 | 2003 | |||||||
Cash balances |
| 0.01 | |||||||
Bank balances in India
|
|||||||||
current accounts |
131.08 | 30.04 | |||||||
deposit accounts |
1,299.28 | 1,129.53 | |||||||
EEFC accounts in foreign currency |
46.19 | 19.12 | |||||||
Unclaimed dividend account |
1.98 | 1.60 | |||||||
Bank
balances - overseas
|
|||||||||
current accounts |
159.44 | 155.93 | |||||||
deposit accounts |
0.04 | | |||||||
Total cash and bank balances |
1,638.01 | 1,336.23 | |||||||
Deposits with financial
institutions / body corporate |
201.39 | 302.28 | |||||||
Investment in liquid mutual funds |
929.60 | | |||||||
Total cash and cash equivalents |
2,769.00 | 1,638.51 | |||||||
Cash and cash equivalents
as a % of total assets |
85.1 | % | 57.3 | % | |||||
Cash and cash equivalents
as a % of revenues |
58.2 | % | 45.2 | % | |||||
in Rs. crore | |||||||||
As of March 31, | 2004 | 2003 | |||||||
ICICI Bank Limited |
201.37 | 151.30 | |||||||
Standard Chartered Bank |
201.19 | 151.24 | |||||||
Punjab National Bank |
201.19 | 151.29 | |||||||
The Bank of Nova Scotia |
201.01 | 151.24 | |||||||
Citibank N.A. |
200.72 | 125.62 | |||||||
American Express Bank |
177.79 | 150.64 | |||||||
State Bank of India |
110.97 | | |||||||
UTI Bank Limited |
5.04 | 4.05 | |||||||
Bank of America |
| 150.12 | |||||||
ABN Amro Bank |
| 80.93 | |||||||
Deutsche Bank |
| 13.10 | |||||||
1,299.28 | 1,129.53 | ||||||||
8. | Loans and advances |
in Rs. crore | |||||||||
As of March 31, | 2004 | 2003 | |||||||
Advances |
|||||||||
prepaid expenses |
37.32 | 18.38 | |||||||
for supply of goods and
rendering of services |
5.83 | 1.77 | |||||||
Others |
4.51 | 3.28 | |||||||
47.66 | 23.43 | ||||||||
Unbilled revenues |
92.86 | 91.64 | |||||||
Advance income tax |
349.88 | 289.99 | |||||||
Loans and advances to employees |
116.88 | 136.44 | |||||||
Electricity and other deposits |
9.08 | 13.37 | |||||||
Rental deposits |
14.93 | 13.57 | |||||||
Deposits with financial institutions
and body corporate |
201.39 | 302.28 | |||||||
Other assets |
0.44 | 2.06 | |||||||
833.12 | 872.78 | ||||||||
32 | Managements discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations
Annual Report 2003 04
Advances are primarily towards amounts paid in advance for value and services to be received in future. Unbilled revenues comprise the revenue recognized in relation to efforts incurred on fixed-price and time-and-material contracts not billed as of the year end. Advance income tax represents payments made towards tax liability and also refunds due for the previous years. The companys liability towards income tax is fully provided for.
The details of advance income tax are given below.
in Rs. crore | ||||||||
As of March 31, | 2004 | 2003 | ||||||
Domestic tax |
175.31 | 156.85 | ||||||
Overseas tax |
174.57 | 133.14 | ||||||
349.88 | 289.99 | |||||||
in Rs. crore | ||||||||
As of March 31, | 2004 | 2003 | ||||||
Housing loan |
55.14 | 67.20 | ||||||
Soft loan |
11.21 | 11.57 | ||||||
Vehicle loan |
13.73 | 20.54 | ||||||
Marriage loan |
2.55 | 2.46 | ||||||
Other loans |
0.63 | 0.74 | ||||||
83.26 | 102.51 | |||||||
The doubtful loans and advances amounted to Rs. 0.09 crore and Rs. 0.41 crore as of March 31, 2004 and 2003 and the same had been provided in full.
Electricity and other deposits represent electricity deposits, telephone deposits, insurance deposits and advances of a similar nature. The rent deposits are towards buildings taken on lease by the company for its software development centers and marketing offices in various cities all over the world. These also include the deposits paid by the company to house its staff, which amounted to Rs. 4.77 crore for the current year as compared to Rs. 4.23 crore for the previous year.
Deposits with financial institutions and corporate bodies represent surplus money deployed in the form of short-term deposits. The details of such deposits are given below.
in Rs. crore | ||||||||
As of March 31, | 2004 | 2003 | ||||||
Housing Development Finance
Corporation Limited |
201.39 | 151.16 | ||||||
GE Capital Services India |
| 151.12 | ||||||
201.39 | 302.28 | |||||||
9. | Current liabilities |
in Rs. crore | ||||||||
As of March 31, | 2004 | 2003 | ||||||
Sundry creditors |
||||||||
for goods |
11.36 | 1.17 | ||||||
for accrued salaries and benefits |
295.83 | 120.06 | ||||||
for other liabilities |
||||||||
provision for expenses |
59.41 | 56.11 | ||||||
retention monies |
6.88 | 5.33 | ||||||
withholding and other taxes
payable |
34.70 | 23.30 | ||||||
for purchase of intellectual
property rights |
19.21 | 24.80 | ||||||
others |
3.02 | 5.78 | ||||||
430.41 | 236.55 | |||||||
Advances received from clients |
65.19 | 15.25 | ||||||
Unearned revenue |
62.86 | 61.85 | ||||||
Unclaimed dividend |
1.98 | 1.60 | ||||||
560.44 | 315.25 | |||||||
in Rs. crore | ||||||||
As of March 31, | 2004 | 2003 | ||||||
Accrued salaries payable |
14.58 | 15.61 | ||||||
Accrued bonus and incentive
payable to employees |
239.80 | 76.98 | ||||||
Leave provision -
as per actuarial valuation |
41.45 | 27.47 | ||||||
295.83 | 120.06 | |||||||
The accrued bonus and incentive payable to employees has increased due to a larger part of the employee salaries being variable in the current year and also for achieving the targets set for crystallization of the incentives. As of March 31, 2004, accrued bonus and incentive payable to employees also include an amount of Rs. 100.56 crore towards a one-time billion dollar revenue bonus payable to all employees.
Sundry creditors for other liabilities represent amounts accrued for various other operational expenses. This includes a provision of Rs. 4.29 crore and Rs. 18.46 crore made towards payments to overseas subcontractors as of March 31, 2004 and 2003 respectively. Retention monies represent monies withheld on contractor payments pending final acceptance of their work. Withholding and other taxes payable represent tax withheld on benefits arising out of exercise of stock options issued under the 1998 Employee Stock Option Plan by various employees, and also other local taxes payable in various countries on the services rendered by Infosys. All these taxes will be paid in due course. Sundry creditors for purchase of intellectual property rights represent amounts payable to vendor towards acquiring intellectual property rights for the Engineering and IT Solutions for Automotive and Aerospace practice.
Advances received from clients denote monies received for the delivery of future services. Unearned revenue as of March 31, 2004 and 2003 consists primarily of advance client billing on fixed-price, fixed-time frame contracts for which related costs were not yet incurred. Fixed-priced projects executed by the company have decreased from 36.7% of our revenues during the previous year to 34.1% during the current year.
Unclaimed dividends represent dividends paid, but not encashed by shareholders, and are represented by a bank balance of equivalent amount.
Managements discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations | 33
Annual Report 2003 04
10. Provisions
in Rs. crore | ||||||||
As of March 31, |
2004 | 2003 | ||||||
Proposed dividend |
766.37 | 96.05 | ||||||
Provision for tax on dividend |
98.19 | 12.30 | ||||||
Income taxes |
453.39 | 274.81 | ||||||
Post-sales client support |
5.13 | 4.82 | ||||||
1,323.08 | 387.98 | |||||||
Proposed dividend represents the final dividend and one-time special dividend recommended to the shareholders by the board of directors. This will be paid after the Annual General Meeting, upon approval by the shareholders.
Provision for tax on dividend denotes taxes payable on dividends declared for the year ended March 31, 2004. An amount of Rs. 110.50 crore is provided towards tax on interim, final and one-time special dividend declared and payable by the company at 12.81% of which Rs. 98.19 crore (Rs. 12.81 crore towards tax on final dividend and Rs. 85.38 crore towards tax on one-time special dividend) is payable.
Provisions for taxation represent estimated income tax liabilities, both in India and abroad. The details are as follows.
in Rs. crore | ||||||||
As of March 31, |
2004 | 2003 | ||||||
Domestic tax |
152.16 | 133.59 | ||||||
Overseas tax |
301.23 | 141.22 | ||||||
453.39 | 274.81 | |||||||
The provision for post-sales client support is towards likely expenses for providing post-sales client support on fixed-price contracts.
B. Results of operations
1. Income
Income from software services and products:
Year ended March 31, | in Rs. crore | |||||||||||||||||||
2004 | % | 2003 | % | Growth% | ||||||||||||||||
Overseas |
4,694.69 | 98.61 | 3,543.51 | 97.81 | 32.49 | |||||||||||||||
Domestic |
66.20 | 1.39 | 79.18 | 2.19 | (16.39 | ) | ||||||||||||||
4,760.89 | 100.00 | 3,622.69 | 100.00 | 31.42 | ||||||||||||||||
The companys revenues are generated principally on fixed-time frame or time-and-material basis. Revenue from software services on fixed-price, fixed-time frame contracts is recognized as per the proportionate-completion method. On time-and-materials contracts, revenue is recognized as the related services are rendered. Annual technical services revenue and revenue from fixed-price maintenance contracts are recognized proportionately over the period in which services are rendered. Revenue from the sale of user licenses for software applications is recognized on transfer of the title in the user license, except in multiple arrangement contracts, where revenue is recognized as per the proportionate-completion method.
The segmentation of software services is as follows:
Year ended March 31, | ||||||||
Revenues by project type |
2004 | 2003 | ||||||
Fixed price |
34.1 | % | 36.7 | % | ||||
Time-and-material |
65.9 | % | 63.3 | % | ||||
100.0 | % | 100.0 | % | |||||
The companys revenues are also segmented into onsite and offshore revenues. Onsite revenues are those services which are performed at client sites as part of software projects, while offshore services are those services which are performed at the companys software development centers located in India. The details of software services and products are as follows:
Year ended March 31, | ||||||||
Revenues by location |
2004 | 2003 | ||||||
Onsite |
53.0 | % | 54.7 | % | ||||
Offshore |
47.0 | % | 45.3 | % | ||||
100.0 | % | 100.0 | % | |||||
The services performed onsite typically generate higher revenues per-capita, but at lower gross margins as compared to the services performed at the companys own facilities. Therefore, any increase in the onsite effort impacts the margins of the company. The details are as follows:
Year ended March 31, | ||||||||
Person-months (%) |
2004 | 2003 | ||||||
Onsite |
31.6 | % | 33.7 | % | ||||
Offshore |
68.4 | % | 66.3 | % | ||||
100.0 | % | 100.0 | % | |||||
The growth in software services and product revenues is due to an all-round growth in various segments of the business mix and is mainly due to growth in business volumes. The details of the same are given below.
Year ended March 31, |
2004 | 2003 | ||||||
Income from software |
||||||||
services and products (Rs. crore) |
||||||||
Software services |
4,625.62 | 3,454.99 | ||||||
Software products |
135.27 | 167.70 | ||||||
4,760.89 | 3,622.69 | |||||||
Person-months |
||||||||
Software services |
||||||||
Onsite |
50,953 | 36,769 | ||||||
Offshore |
1,02,852 | 66,309 | ||||||
Billed-total |
1,53,805 | 1,03,078 | ||||||
Software products |
7,615 | 6,056 | ||||||
Non-billable |
35,180 | 23,641 | ||||||
Training |
22,999 | 7,790 | ||||||
Total |
2,19,599 | 1,40,565 | ||||||
Support |
15,354 | 13,739 | ||||||
Total person months |
2,34,953 | 1,54,304 | ||||||
% of Support to total |
6.5 | % | 8.9 | % | ||||
Increase in billed person-months |
||||||||
Onsite |
14,184 | 12,596 | ||||||
% change |
38.6 | % | 52.1 | % | ||||
Offshore |
36,543 | 16,088 | ||||||
% change |
55.1 | % | 32.0 | % | ||||
Total |
50,727 | 28,684 | ||||||
% change |
49.2 | % | 38.6 | % | ||||
Software services
During the year, the volumes grew by 49.2% as compared to 38.6% in the previous year. The onsite and offshore volume growth were 38.6% and 55.1% during the year as compared to 52.1% and 32.0% in the previous year. This growth was offset by a blended pricing decline of 5.1% in US Dollar terms consisting of 2.6% decline in offshore rates and 2.9% decline in onsite rates. During the previous year, the blended pricing declined by 0.8% in US Dollar terms consisted of 4.7% decline in offshore rates and 2.5% decline in onsite rates.
Revenue from services grew by 33.9% during the year. Even though volumes grew by 49.2%, it was offset by an average rupee appreciation of 5.3%, from an average of Rs. 48.36 to a dollar to an average of Rs. 45.78 to a dollar, a blended price decline of 5.1% in US dollar terms and a 55.1% increase in offshore revenue which on a per capita basis is less than onsite revenues.
Software products
During the year, the volumes grew by 25.7% as compared to 42.5% in the previous year.
Details of geographical and business segmentation of revenues are provided in the Risk management report in this Annual Report.
34 | Managements discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations
Annual Report 2003 04
2. Expenditure
Year ended March 31, | in Rs. crore | |||||||||||||||||||
2004 | % | 2003 | % | Growth % | ||||||||||||||||
Income: software services |
4,625.62 | 97.16 | 3,454.99 | 95.37 | 33.88 | |||||||||||||||
products |
135.27 | 2.84 | 167.70 | 4.63 | (19.34 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Total income |
4,760.89 | 100.00 | 3,622.69 | 100.00 | 31.42 | |||||||||||||||
Software development expenses |
2,495.31 | 52.41 | 1,813.30 | 50.05 | 37.61 | |||||||||||||||
Gross profit |
2,265.58 | 47.59 | 1,809.39 | 49.95 | 25.21 | |||||||||||||||
Selling and marketing expenses |
335.08 | 7.04 | 266.98 | 7.37 | 25.51 | |||||||||||||||
General and administration expenses |
346.85 | 7.29 | 270.37 | 7.46 | 28.29 | |||||||||||||||
Total operating expenses |
3,177.24 | 66.74 | 2,350.65 | 64.89 | 35.16 | |||||||||||||||
Operating profit (PBIDTA) |
1,583.65 | 33.26 | 1,272.04 | 35.11 | 24.50 | |||||||||||||||
Interest |
| | | | | |||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
230.90 | 4.85 | 188.95 | 5.22 | 22.20 | |||||||||||||||
Operating profit after interest, depreciation and amortization |
1,352.75 | 28.41 | 1,083.09 | 29.90 | 24.90 | |||||||||||||||
Other income |
127.39 | 2.68 | 99.61 | 2.75 | 27.89 | |||||||||||||||
Provision for investments |
9.67 | 0.20 | 23.77 | 0.66 | (59.32 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Profit before tax |
1,470.47 | 30.89 | 1,158.93 | 31.99 | 26.88 | |||||||||||||||
Provision for tax |
227.00 | 4.77 | 201.00 | 5.55 | 12.94 | |||||||||||||||
Net profit after tax |
1,243.47 | 26.12 | 957.93 | 26.44 | 29.81 | |||||||||||||||
2.1 Software development expenses
Year ended March 31, | in Rs. crore | |||||||||||||||||||
2004 | % | 2003 | % | Growth % | ||||||||||||||||
Salaries and bonus including overseas staff expenses
and contribution to provident and other funds |
2,065.37 | 43.38 | 1,465.79 | 40.46 | 40.90 | |||||||||||||||
Overseas travel expenses |
168.19 | 3.53 | 162.66 | 4.49 | 3.40 | |||||||||||||||
Consultancy charges |
109.89 | 2.31 | 75.86 | 2.09 | 44.86 | |||||||||||||||
Cost of software packages |
80.88 | 1.70 | 67.74 | 1.87 | 19.40 | |||||||||||||||
Communication expenses |
32.18 | 0.68 | 23.94 | 0.66 | 34.42 | |||||||||||||||
Other expenses |
38.80 | 0.81 | 17.31 | 0.48 | 124.15 | |||||||||||||||
Total software development expenses |
2,495.31 | 52.41 | 1,813.30 | 50.05 | 37.61 | |||||||||||||||
Revenues |
4,760.89 | 100.00 | 3,622.69 | 100.00 | 31.42 | |||||||||||||||
Employee costs consist of salaries paid to employees in India and include overseas staff expenses. The total software professionals person-months increased to 2,19,599 for the year ending March 31, 2004 from 1,40,565 person-months during the previous year. Of this, the onsite and offshore person-months are 50,952 and 1,10,468 for the year ending March 31, 2004 as compared to 36,769 and 72,365 for the previous year. The non-billable and trainees person-months were 58,179 and 31,431 during the current and previous year. The company added 8,021 employees (net) and 10,077 employees (gross) during the year as compared to 4,618 (net) and 5,509 (gross) during the previous year.
The utilization rates of billable employees for the year ended March 31 are as below:
2004 | 2003 | |||||||
Including trainees |
73.5 | % | 77.6 | % | ||||
Excluding trainees |
82.1 | % | 82.2 | % | ||||
The salary cost includes a one-time incentive on achieving the revenue milestone of US $ 1 billion. The overseas travel expenses, representing cost of travel abroad for software development, constituted approximately 3.53% and 4.49% of total revenue for the years ended March 31, 2004 and 2003, respectively.
Consultancy charges represent the cost of sub-contractors used for software development activities. The company normally uses these consultants to meet mismatch in certain skill-sets that are required in various projects, and will continue to use external consultants for some of its project work on a need basis. During the year, the company also paid consultancy charges to Infosys Technologies (Australia) Pty. Limited, towards services rendered by their employees. This resulted in the consulting charges increasing by 44.86%. Cost of software packages represents the cost of software packages and tools procured
for internal use by the company for enhancing the quality of its services and also for meeting the needs of software development and includes software procured from third parties for re-sale with our banking product. The cost of software packages was 1.70% and 1.87% of the revenues for the year ending March 31, 2004 and 2003, respectively. The companys policy is to charge such purchases to the profit and loss accounts in the year of purchase.
A major part of the companys revenue comes from offshore software development. This involves the large-scale use of satellite connectivity in order to be online with clients. The communication expenses represent approximately 0.68% and 0.66% of revenues for the years ended March 31, 2004 and 2003, respectively and have increased due to investments to scale the operations.
Other expenses represented computer maintenance, staff welfare, consumables and post-sales customer support, which were 0.81% and 0.48% of revenues for the years ended March 31, 2004 and 2003, respectively. The increase is primarily due to increased provision for post-sale customer support and increase in computer maintenance and rental expenses.
2.2 Selling and marketing expenses
The company incurred selling and marketing expenses at 7.04% of its revenue during fiscal 2004 as compared to 7.37% during the previous year.
Employee costs consist of salaries paid to sales and marketing employees and include, bonus payments. This also includes a one-time incentive on achieving the revenue milestone of US $ 1 billion. The number of sales and marketing personnel decreased from 280 as of March 31, 2003 to 275 as of March 31, 2004. The number of marketing offices decreased from 30 to 28 as of March 31, 2004.
Managements discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations | 35
Annual Report 2003 04
Overseas travel expenses decreased due to lower travel cost. Brand building expenses include expenses incurred for participation in various seminars and exhibitions, both in India and abroad, various sales and marketing events organized by the company, and other advertisement and sales promotional expenses. The company added 103 new customers during the year as compared to 92 during the previous year. Professional charges primarily relate to payments made to PR agencies, legal charges, translation charges, etc. Commission charges primarily consist of expenses incurred by the Banking Business Unit with regard to agents fees paid for sourcing business from Asian and African countries. It also includes commission paid for software service revenues derived from some of the European countries and the US. The export revenue from the banking product, Finacle®, during the year is Rs. 70.91 crore as compared to Rs. 96.21 crore during the previous year. Other expenses increased due to increased activities during the year.
4. Interest
The company continued to be debt-free during the current year.
5. Depreciation and amortization
The company provided a sum of Rs. 230.90 crore and Rs. 188.95 crore towards depreciation and amortization for the years ended March 31, 2004 and 2003, representing 4.85% and 5.22% of total revenues. The depreciation and amortization for the years ended March 31, 2004 and 2003 include an amount of Rs. 28.61 crore and Rs. 14.25 crore, towards 100% depreciation on assets costing less than Rs. 5,000 each. The depreciation and amortization as a percentage of average gross block is 16.24% and 16.92% for the years ended March 31, 2004 and 2003.
Year ended March 31, | in Rs. crore | |||||||||||||||||||
2004 | % | 2003 | % | Growth % | ||||||||||||||||
Salaries and bonus including overseas staff expenses
and contribution to provident and other funds |
208.98 | 4.39 | 143.07 | 3.95 | 46.07 | |||||||||||||||
Overseas travel expenses |
40.45 | 0.85 | 45.16 | 1.25 | (10.43 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Brand building |
34.23 | 0.72 | 29.05 | 0.80 | 17.83 | |||||||||||||||
Professional charges |
5.75 | 0.12 | 10.63 | 0.29 | (45.91 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Commission charges |
7.27 | 0.15 | 10.58 | 0.29 | (31.29 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Other marketing expenses |
38.40 | 0.81 | 28.49 | 0.79 | 34.78 | |||||||||||||||
Total selling and marketing expenses |
335.08 | 7.04 | 266.98 | 7.37 | 25.51 | |||||||||||||||
Revenues |
4,760.89 | 100.00 | 3,622.69 | 100.00 | 31.42 | |||||||||||||||
2.3 General and administration expenses
Year ended March 31, | in Rs. crore | |||||||||||||||||||
2004 | % | 2003 | % | Growth % | ||||||||||||||||
Salaries and bonus including overseas staff expenses
and contribution to provident and other funds |
77.75 | 1.63 | 59.73 | 1.65 | 30.17 | |||||||||||||||
Professional charges |
33.92 | 0.71 | 37.99 | 1.05 | (10.71 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Rent |
19.19 | 0.40 | 24.51 | 0.68 | (21.71 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Power and fuel |
28.68 | 0.60 | 22.38 | 0.62 | 28.15 | |||||||||||||||
Telephone charges |
29.21 | 0.62 | 21.34 | 0.59 | 36.88 | |||||||||||||||
Office maintenance |
28.83 | 0.61 | 20.13 | 0.56 | 43.22 | |||||||||||||||
Traveling and conveyance |
22.27 | 0.47 | 16.76 | 0.46 | 32.88 | |||||||||||||||
Other expenses |
107.00 | 2.25 | 67.53 | 1.85 | 58.45 | |||||||||||||||
Total general and administration expenses |
346.85 | 7.29 | 270.37 | 7.46 | 28.29 | |||||||||||||||
Revenues |
4,760.89 | 100.00 | 3,622.69 | 100.00 | 31.42 | |||||||||||||||
The company incurred general and administration expenses amounting to 7.29% of its total revenue during fiscal 2004 as compared to 7.46% during the previous year.
Employee costs increased as the number of administration personnel increased from 1,069 as of March 31, 2003 to 1,337 as of March 31, 2004. This also includes a one-time incentive on achieving the revenue milestone of US $ 1 billion. Professional charges decreased due to lower use of service providers. These charges include fees paid for availing services such as tax consultancy, US GAAP audit, recruitment and training, and legal charges. Rent expenses decreased due to rationalization of use of leased properties during the year. Power and fuel, telephone charges, office maintenance and traveling and conveyance increased due to increased business activity. Other expenses is a grouping of many expenses and increased from Rs. 67.53 crore to Rs. 107.00 crore, primarily due to increase in insurance charges from Rs. 9.83 crore to Rs. 23.73 crore, donation from Rs. 6.09 crore to Rs. 14.29 crore and provision for bad and doubtful debts from Rs. 0.73 crore to Rs. 15.99 crore.
3. Operating profits
During the current year, the company earned an operating profit (PBIDTA) of Rs. 1,583.65 crore representing 33.26% of total revenues as compared to Rs. 1,272.04 crore, representing 35.11% of total revenues during the previous year.
During the year ended March 31, 2004, management reduced the remaining estimated useful life of the intellectual property in a commercial software application product to three months, effective August 2003, and treasury management product to two months, effective November 2003. The revised estimate represents managements present evaluation of the expected future commercial benefits from these products. The revision has resulted in an increased charge to the profit and loss account of Rs. 20.28 crore in the year ended March 31, 2004.
Depreciation includes an amount of Rs. 1.48 crore and Rs. 0.67 crore towards depreciation provided, in full, on assets acquired for research and development activities for the years ended March 31, 2004 and 2003, respectively.
6. Other income
in Rs. crore | ||||||||
For the year ended March 31, |
2004 | 2003 | ||||||
Interest received on deposits
with banks and others |
82.88 | 78.05 | ||||||
Dividend received on investment
in mutual funds |
17.40 | | ||||||
Miscellaneous income |
7.68 | 3.89 | ||||||
Exchange differences |
19.43 | 17.67 | ||||||
127.39 | 99.61 | |||||||
36 | Managements discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations
Annual Report 2003 04
The average yield on the deposits earned by the company for the year ended March 31 is given below.
in Rs. crore | ||||||||
2004 | 2003 | |||||||
Average cash and cash equivalents |
1,738.96 | 1,332.74 | ||||||
Interest received including exchange
variation on FC deposits |
80.56 | 78.05 | ||||||
Average yield (pre-tax) |
4.63 | % | 5.86 | % | ||||
Average Yield on investment
in liquid mutual funds |
4.08 | % | | |||||
The decrease in yield is primarily due to a reduction in general interest rates in the economy.
The average Rupee US Dollar rate during the year was Rs. 45.78 as compared to Rs. 48.36 during the previous year resulting in rupee appreciation of 5.3%. The company hedges its forex risk by pro-actively hedging its forex denominated receivables. As of March 31, 2004, the
8. Provision for tax
The company has provided for its tax liability both in India and overseas. The present Indian corporate tax rate is 35.875% (comprising a base rate of 35% and a surcharge of 2.5% on the base rate). Export profits are entitled to benefit under two schemes of the Government of India. Under the first scheme (Section 80HHE of the Income Tax Act), a proportion of the profits of the company attributable to export activities is deductible from the income subject to tax. Such deductions are being phased out equally over a period of five years, starting fiscal 2000. Under the second scheme, the profits attributable to the operations of the company under the 100% export oriented unit scheme Software Technology Park (STP) scheme are entitled to a tax holiday for a consecutive period of 10 years from the financial year in which the unit started producing computer software, or March 31, 2000, whichever is earlier. For the year ended March 31, 2004, approximately 98% of software revenues came from software development centers operating under the Software Technology Park scheme.
The details of the operationalization of various software development centers and the year upto which the exemption under the Software Technology Park Scheme is available, are provided below.
Location of the STP | Year of commencement | Exemption claimed from | Exemption available upto | |||||||||
Electronics City, Bangalore |
1994-1995 | 1996-1997 | 2003-2004 | |||||||||
Mangalore |
1995-1996 | 1998-1999 | 2004-2005 | |||||||||
Pune |
1996-1997 | 1998-1999 | 2005-2006 | |||||||||
Bhubaneswar |
1996-1997 | 1998-1999 | 2005-2006 | |||||||||
Chennai |
1996-1997 | 1998-1999 | 2005-2006 | |||||||||
Bannerghatta Road, Bangalore |
1997-1998 | 1998-1999 | 2006-2007 | |||||||||
Phase I, Electronics City, Bangalore |
1998-1999 | 1998-1999 | 2007-2008 | |||||||||
Phase II, Electronics City, Bangalore |
1999-2000 | 1999-2000 | 2008-2009 | |||||||||
Hinjawadi, Pune |
1999-2000 | 1999-2000 | 2008-2009 | |||||||||
Mysore |
1999-2000 | 1999-2000 | 2008-2009 | |||||||||
Hyderabad |
1999-2000 | 1999-2000 | 2008-2009 | |||||||||
Mohali |
1999-2000 | 1999-2000 | 2008-2009 | |||||||||
Sholinganallur, Chennai |
2000-2001 | 2000-2001 | 2008-2009 | |||||||||
Konark, Bhubaneswar |
2000-2001 | 2000-2001 | 2008-2009 | |||||||||
Mangala, Mangalore |
2000-2001 | 2000-2001 | 2008-2009 | |||||||||
Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala |
2003-2004 | 2003-2004 | 2008-2009 | |||||||||
company had US $ 143.00 million of forward hedge. The company derives 86.1% of its export revenues in US $ and the balance from other currencies. During the year, the US $ had depreciated against the other currencies, substantially. The closing rate of rupee against the US dollar as of March 31, 2004 was Rs. 43.40 as compared to Rs. 47.53 as of March 31, 2003 resulting in a rupee appreciation of 8.7%. This has resulted in a transaction and translation losses of around Rs. 45.64 crore offset by a gain from forward hedges of Rs. 65.07 crore.
Overall, the companys hedging positions as well as the depreciation of US Dollar against other currencies had to some extent offset the impact of the appreciating Rupee against the US Dollar.
in Rs. crore | ||||
Transaction and translation losses |
(45.64 | ) | ||
Benefit due to hedging |
65.07 | |||
Net impact |
19.43 | |||
7. Provision for investment
Based on the review of the financial condition of the investee companies as well as their business environment, the company provided an aggregate amount of Rs. 9.24 crore towards strategic investments during this year and the details are as follows:
in Rs. crore | ||||
Provision for investment | ||||
CiDRA Inc., USA |
7.36 | |||
Stratify Inc. Corporation,
(Formerly Purple Yogi) |
1.88 | |||
The company pays taxes in various countries, in which it operates, on the income that is sourced to those countries. The details of provision for taxes are as follows:
Year ended March 31, | in Rs. crore | |||||||
2004 | 2003 | |||||||
Overseas tax |
178.31 | 123.09 | ||||||
Domestic tax |
48.00 | 89.00 | ||||||
226.31 | 212.09 | |||||||
Deferred taxes |
1.18 | (12.59 | ) | |||||
Prior year taxes |
(0.49 | ) | 1.50 | |||||
227.00 | 201.00 | |||||||
There is a write-back of provision of a sum of Rs. 0.49 crore during the year ended March 31, 2004, in respect of tax liabilities of earlier years, due to the completion of the tax assessment for those years. Domestic taxes decreased during the year due to the restoration of tax benefits on 100% of income from STP units as against 90% in the previous year.
9. Net profit
The net profit of the company from ordinary activities amounted to Rs. 1,243.47 crore and Rs. 957.93 crore for the years ended March 31, 2004 and 2003. This represents 26.12% and 26.43% of total revenue. Excluding other income of Rs. 127.39 crore (2.68% of revenues) in the current year as compared to Rs. 99.61 crore (2.75% of revenues) in the previous year, the net profit would have been Rs. 1,116.08 crore (23.44% of revenues) in the current year as compared to Rs. 858.32 crore (23.69% of revenues) in the previous year.
Managements discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations | 37
Annual Report 2003 04
10. Liquidity
The growth of the company has been financed largely through cash generated from operations and, to a lesser extent, from the proceeds of equity issues. As of March 31, 2004, the company had cash and cash equivalents (including liquid mutual funds) of Rs. 2,769.00 crore. Cash and cash equivalents (including liquid mutual funds) increased by Rs. 1,130.49 crore during the year, despite a spending of Rs. 429.87 crore towards creating physical and technology infrastructure. The companys treasury policy calls for investing only in highly rated banks, financial institutions and companies for short maturities with a limit for individual entities and also liquid mutual funds. The bank balances in overseas accounts are maintained to meet the expenditure of the overseas branches, and to meet overseas project-related expenditure.
The companys policy is to pay dividend not more than 20% of the after-tax profits of the company. The pay-out ratio of the company during the year ending March 31, 2004, 2003 and 2002 are 17.79%, 19.95% and 17.01% respectively. In addition, a special one-time dividend was declared in fiscal 2004, which amounted to 60.46% of the profits of that year.
The companys policy is to maintain sufficient cash in the balance sheet to fund the ongoing capex requirements, the operational expenses and other strategic initiatives for the next one year and to maintain business continuity in case of exigencies.
The companys policy is to earn a minimum return of twice the cost of capital on average capital employed, and thrice the cost of capital on average invested capital. The current estimated cost of capital is 14.09%. At present, the company earns 48.10% on average capital employed and 137.46% on average invested capital. The company aims to maintain adequate cash balances to meet its strategic objectives while earning adequate returns.
11. Stock option plans
11.1 1994 Employee Stock Offer Plan
The company instituted an Employee Stock Offer Plan (ESOP) in 1994 for all eligible employees. Accordingly, 60,00,000 warrants (as adjusted for the 1:1 bonus issue in October 1997 and March 1999 and 2-for-1 stock split in February 2000) were issued by the company to the Infosys Technologies Limited Employees Welfare Trust, to be held in Trust and transferred to selected employees from time to time.
As at March 31, 2004, 497 employees hold rights to 3,16,600 shares of par value of Rs. 5 each, which are subject to a lock-in of up to 12 months. In the event of an employee leaving Infosys before the vesting period, the shares under lock-in are transferred back to the Infosys Technologies Ltd. (ITL) Employees Welfare Trust. As on March 31, 2004, the ITL Employees Welfare Trust holds 3,53,400 equity shares.
11.2 1998 Employee Stock Option Plan (1998 plan)
Pursuant to the resolutions approved by the shareholders in the Extraordinary General Meeting held on January 6, 1999, the directors put in place an ADS-linked stock option plan termed as the 1998 Stock Option Plan. The compensation committee of the board administers the 1998 plan. The Government of India has approved the 1998 plan, subject to a limit of 14,70,000 equity shares of par value of Rs. 5 each representing 29,40,000 ADSs to be issued under the plan. The plan is effective for a period of 10 years from the date of its adoption by the board.
The details of the grants made (adjusted for stock-split, as applicable) under the 1998 plan are provided below:
Options granted | Options forfeited | ||||||||||||||||||||
Month of grant | No. of employees | No. of ADSs | Grant price at market per ADS | No. of employees | No. of ADSs | ||||||||||||||||
April 2003 |
12 | 25,200 | $ | 40.25 | 16 | 36,219 | |||||||||||||||
May |
6 | 20,700 | $ | 41.38 | 15 | 27,420 | |||||||||||||||
June |
7 | 7,900 | $ | 49.62 | 33 | 46,654 | |||||||||||||||
July |
| | | 11 | 8,420 | ||||||||||||||||
August |
13 | 41,600 | $ | 54.30 | 13 | 16,242 | |||||||||||||||
September |
| | | 15 | 24,480 | ||||||||||||||||
October |
1 | 500 | $ | 72.39 | 13 | 28,338 | |||||||||||||||
November |
| | | 20 | 34,918 | ||||||||||||||||
December |
| | | 39 | 36,248 | ||||||||||||||||
January 2004 |
| | | 11 | 18,276 | ||||||||||||||||
February |
| | | 16 | 1,04,774 | ||||||||||||||||
March |
| | | 10 | 22,942 | ||||||||||||||||
39 | 95,900 | 212 | 4,04,931 | ||||||||||||||||||
During the year, 2,58,870 options issued under the 1998 plan were exercised, and the remaining ADS options unexercised and outstanding as at March 31, 2004 were 19,35,505 (9,67,752 equity shares). Vested ADSs as of March 31, 2004 were 7,70,991 (3,85,495 equity shares).
Details of the number of ADS options granted and exercised are given below:
Granted | Exercised | Balance | ||||||||||||||||||
Year | No. of employees | ADSs (net) | No. of employees | ADSs | ADSs | |||||||||||||||
1999 |
29 | 3,81,000 | 32 | 90,700 | 2,90,300 | |||||||||||||||
2000 |
58 | 2,41,300 | 5 | 1,500 | 2,39,800 | |||||||||||||||
2001 |
705 | 8,48,774 | | | 8,48,774 | |||||||||||||||
2002 |
476 | 8,83,620 | | | 8,83,620 | |||||||||||||||
2003 |
223 | 5,80,200 | 120 | 89,540 | 4,90,660 | |||||||||||||||
2004 |
39 | 95,900 | 309 | 2,58,870 | (1,62,970 | ) | ||||||||||||||
1,530 | 30,30,794 | 466 | 4,40,610 | *25,90,184 | ||||||||||||||||
includes 6,54,679 options forfeited (cumulative)
38 | Managements discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations
Annual Report 2003 04
11.3 | 1999 Employee Stock Option Plan (1999 plan) |
The shareholders approved the 1999 plan in June 1999, which provides for the issue of 66,00,000 equity shares to employees. The 1999 plan is administered by the compensation committee of the board. Under the 1999 plan, options were issued to employees at an exercise price not less than the fair market value, i.e., the closing price of the companys shares on the stock exchange where there is the highest trading volume on the date of grant and if the shares are not traded on that day, the closing price on the next trading day. Options under this plan may be granted to employees at less than the fair market value only if specifically approved by the members of the company in a general meeting.
expected life of the option. Applying the fair value based method defined in SFAS 123, the impact on the reported net profit and basic earnings per share would be as follows.
in Rs. crore | ||||||||
Year ended March 31, | 2004 | 2003 | ||||||
Net profit: |
||||||||
as reported |
1,243.47 | 957.93 | ||||||
adjusted pro forma |
1,016.10 | 679.22 | ||||||
Basic earnings per share: |
||||||||
as reported |
187.38 | 144.68 | ||||||
adjusted pro forma |
154.14 | 102.58 | ||||||
The details of the grants made (adjusted for stock-split, as applicable) under the 1999 plan are provided below.
Options granted | Options forfeited | |||||||||||||||||||
Month of grant | No. of employees | No. of options | Grant price Rs. | No. of employees | No. of options | |||||||||||||||
April 2003 |
134 | *43,850 | 3,049.75 | 109 | 24,345 | |||||||||||||||
May |
221 | 63,600 | 2,782.30 | 133 | 17,985 | |||||||||||||||
June |
131 | 45,600 | 2,875.10 | 172 | 34,100 | |||||||||||||||
July |
| | | 219 | 38,416 | |||||||||||||||
August |
94 | 33,150 | 3,641.75 | 161 | 23,002 | |||||||||||||||
September |
| | | 162 | 37,869 | |||||||||||||||
October |
15 | 6,600 | 4,501.75 | 158 | 36,110 | |||||||||||||||
November |
| | | 167 | 66,322 | |||||||||||||||
December |
| | | 125 | 25,529 | |||||||||||||||
January 2004 |
| | | 152 | 22,100 | |||||||||||||||
February |
| | | 118 | 45,351 | |||||||||||||||
March |
| | | 131 | 23,769 | |||||||||||||||
595 | 1,92,800 | 1,807 | 3,94,898 | |||||||||||||||||
During the year, 2,68,543 options issued under the 1999 plan were exercised, and the remaining options unexercised and outstanding as at March 31, 2004 were 45,90,530. Vested options as at March 31, 2004 were 21,08,580.
Details of number of options issued under the 1999 plan are given below.
Granted | Exercised | Balance | ||||||||||||||||||
Year | No. of employees | No. of shares (net) | No. of employees | No. of shares | No. of shares | |||||||||||||||
2000 |
1,124 | 9,12,800 | 22 | 1,230 | 9,11,570 | |||||||||||||||
2001 |
8,206 | 17,55,700 | | | 17,55,700 | |||||||||||||||
2002 |
5,862 | 20,01,545 | | | 20,01,545 | ) | ||||||||||||||
2003 |
3,008 | 6,16,850 | 296 | 12,178 | 6,04,672 | ) | ||||||||||||||
2004 |
595 | **1,92,800 | 2,651 | ***2,68,543 | (75,743 | ) | ||||||||||||||
18,795 | 54,79,695 | 2,969 | 2,81,951 | * 51,97,744 | ||||||||||||||||
The total number of employees offered stock options under 1998 and 1999 plans during 2003-04 is 635.
The total options outstanding under both 1998 and 1999 stock option plan is as follows:
Number of options granted, exercised, forfeited, outstanding and vested as at March 31, 2004 | ||||||||
Granted |
85,10,489 | |||||||
Exercised |
(7,22,561 | ) | ||||||
Forfeited |
(12,61,893 | ) | ||||||
Outstanding |
65,26,035 | |||||||
Vested (No. of equity shares) |
24,94,075 | |||||||
11.4 | Employee stock compensation under SFAS 123 |
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards 123, Accounting for Stock Based Compensation under US GAAP, requires the pro forma disclosure of the impact of the fair value method of accounting for employee stock valuation in the financial statements. The fair value of a stock option is determined using an option-pricing model that takes into account the stock price at the grant date, the exercise price, the expected life of the option, the volatility of the underlying stock and the expected dividends on it, and the risk-free interest rate over the
11.5 | Employee stock option plan under SEBI guidelines |
The Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) had earlier issued the (Employee Stock Option Scheme and Employee Stock Purchase Scheme) Guidelines, 1999. This is effective for all stock option schemes established after June 19, 1999. In accordance with these guidelines, the excess of the market price of the underlying equity shares as of the date of the grant of the option over the exercise price of the option, including up-front payments, if any, is to be recognized and amortized on a straight line basis over the vesting period.
The companys 1994 stock option plan was established prior to SEBI guidelines on stock options.
Managements discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations | 39
Annual Report 2003 04
Had the stock compensation costs for this stock option plan been determined as per the guidelines issued by SEBI, the companys reported net profit would be as follows.
in Rs. crore | ||||||||
Year ended March 31, | 2004 | 2003 | ||||||
Net profit: |
||||||||
as reported |
1,243.47 | 957.93 | ||||||
adjusted pro forma |
1,230.57 | 934.76 | ||||||
Basic earnings per share: |
||||||||
as reported |
187.38 | 144.68 | ||||||
adjusted pro forma |
185.43 | 141.18 | ||||||
12. | Reconciliation of Indian and US GAAP financial statements |
There are differences between the US GAAP and the Indian GAAP financial statements. The material differences arise due to the provision for deferred taxes and provision for deferred compensation due to the issue of stock options to employees. The reconciliation of profits as per the Indian and the US GAAP financial statements is given below.
in Rs. crore | |||||||||||||||||
Year ended March 31, | 2004 | 2003 | |||||||||||||||
Net profit as per unconsolidated
Indian GAAP |
1,243.47 | 957.93 | |||||||||||||||
Less: |
Amortization of deferred stock compensation expense |
(12.90 | ) | (23.20 | ) | ||||||||||||
Deferred income taxes | (5.05 | ) | (0.90 | ) | |||||||||||||
Amortization of intangibles |
(1.19 | ) | | ||||||||||||||
Profits / (Loss) of subsidiary companies |
0.16 | (3.10 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Others |
(6.05 | ) | | ||||||||||||||
Add: |
Gains on forward foreign exchange contracts |
16.01 | 2.40 | ||||||||||||||
Net provisions for investments |
| 9.10 | |||||||||||||||
Consolidated net income as per the
US GAAP financial statements |
1,234.45 | 942.23 | |||||||||||||||
Amortization of deferred stock compensation
The Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25 of US GAAP requires the accounting of deferred stock compensation on issue of stock options to employees. Deferred stock compensation is the difference between the exercise price and the fair value, as determined by the quoted market prices of the common stock on the grant date. In compliance with this requirement, Infosys has charged to revenue under US GAAP an amount of Rs. 12.90 crore and Rs. 23.20 crore for
the year ended March 31, 2004 and 2003 respectively, as deferred stock compensation.
Deferred income taxes
Deferred income tax relates to tax on timing differences arising from the accounting treatment on gains on forward exchange contracts and amortization of intangibles.
Amortization of intangibles
US GAAP requires the purchase price in business combination transactions to be allocated to identifiable assets and liabilities, including intangible assets. Intangible assets are to be amortized over the estimated useful life. The amortization relates to that of an intangible asset identified in allocation of the purchase price of Expert Information Services Pty. Limited, Australia.
Profits / (Loss) of subsidiary companies
US GAAP requires presentation of financial statements on a consolidated basis. The company has three subsidiaries as on March 31, 2004, namely Progeon Limited, Infosys Technologies (Australia) Pty. Limited, Infosys Technologies (Shanghai) Co. Limited.
Gains on forward foreign exchange contracts
The company booked forward foreign exchange contracts to hedge its net export proceeds. Under Indian GAAP, premium on forward contract is recognized as income or expenditure over the life of the related contract. Whereas, under the US GAAP, the same is marked-to-market as on the reporting date and the resultant gain / loss is recognized immediately in the income statement.
Net provision for investments
Under Indian GAAP, recognition of unrealized gains on intellectual property rights is permitted. Consequently, an amount of Rs. 9.10 crore was recognized during the year ended March 31, 2001. Due to adverse market conditions, provision has been made for this investment under Indian GAAP during the previous year. US GAAP does not allow accounting for such non-cash transactions.
13. | Related party transactions |
These have been discussed in detail in the notes to the Indian GAAP financial statements.
C. Outlook: Issues and risks
These have been discussed in detail in the Risk management report in this Annual Report.
40 | Managements discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations
Annual Report 2003 04
Auditors report to the members of Infosys Technologies Limited
We have audited the attached Balance Sheet of Infosys Technologies Limited (the Company) as at March 31, 2004, the Profit and Loss Account and Cash Flow Statement of the Company for the year ended on that date, annexed thereto. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Companys management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audit.
We conducted our audit in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in India. Those Standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
As required by the Companies (Auditors Report) Order, 2003, issued by the Central Government of India in terms of sub-section (4A) of Section 227 of the Companies Act, 1956, we enclose in the Annexure a statement on the matters specified in paragraphs 4 and 5 of the said Order.
Further to our comments in the Annexure referred to above, we report that:
(a) | we have obtained all the information and explanations which, to the best of
our knowledge and belief, were necessary for the purposes of our audit; |
|||
(b) | in our opinion, proper books of account as required by law have been kept
by the Company so far as appears from our examination of those books; |
|||
(c) | the Balance Sheet, the Profit and Loss Account and the Cash Flow Statement
dealt with by this report are in agreement with the books of account; |
|||
(d) | in our opinion, the Balance Sheet, the Profit and Loss Account and the Cash
Flow Statement dealt with by this report comply with the Accounting Standards
referred to in sub-section (3C) of section 211 of the Companies Act, 1956; |
|||
(e) | on the basis of written representations received from the directors, as on
March 31, 2004, and taken on record by the Board of Directors, we report that
none of the directors is disqualified as on March 31, 2004 from being appointed
as a director in terms of Section 274(1)(g) of the Companies Act, 1956; |
|||
(f) | in our opinion and to the best of our information and according to the
explanations given to us, the said accounts give the information required by
the Companies Act, 1956, in the manner so required and give a true and fair
view in conformity with the accounting principles generally accepted in India: |
(i) | in the case of the Balance Sheet, of the state of affairs of the Company
as at March 31, 2004; |
|||
(ii) | in the case of the Profit and Loss Account, of the profit of the Company
for the year ended on that date; and |
|||
(iii) | in the case of the Cash Flow Statement, of the cash flows of the
Company for the year ended on that date. |
for Bharat S. Raut & Co. Chartered Accountants |
||
S. Balasubrahmanyam | ||
Bangalore April 13, 2004 |
Partner Membership No. 53315 |
Auditors report | 41
Annual Report 2003 04
Annexure to the auditors report
The Annexure referred to in the auditors report to the members of Infosys Technologies Limited (the Company) for the year ended March 31, 2004. We report that:
1. | The Company has maintained proper records showing full particulars,
including quantitative details and situation of fixed assets. |
|||
The Company has a phased programme of physical verification of its fixed
assets which, in our opinion, is reasonable having regard to the size of the
Company and the nature of its assets. In accordance with such programme, the
management has physically verified fixed assets during the year and no
material discrepancies were noticed on such verification. |
||||
Fixed assets disposed off during the year were not substantial and therefore
do not affect the going concern status of the company. |
||||
2. | The Companys nature of operations does not require it to hold
inventories. Accordingly, clause 4(ii) of the Companies (Auditors Report)
Order, 2003 (the Order) is not applicable. |
|||
3. | The Company has neither granted nor taken any loans, secured or unsecured
to or from companies, firms or other parties covered in the register
maintained under section 301 of the Companies Act, 1956. |
|||
4. | In our opinion, and according to the information and explanations given
to us, there are adequate internal control procedures commensurate with
the size of the Company and the nature of its business for purchase of
fixed assets. The activities of the Company do not involve purchase of
inventory and the sale of goods. We have not noted any continuing failure
to correct major weakness in the internal controls during the course of
the audit. |
|||
5. | In our opinion, and according to the information and explanations given
to us, the transactions that need to be entered in the register in
pursuance of section 301 of the Act have been entered, and the
transactions have been made at prices which are reasonable with regard to
the prevailing market prices at the relevant time. |
|||
6. | The Company has not accepted any deposits from the public and
consequently, the directives issued by the Reserve Bank of India, the
provisions of Sections 58A and 58AA of the Companies Act, 1956 and the
rules framed thereunder are not applicable. |
|||
7. | In our opinion, the Company has an internal audit system commensurate
with its size and the nature of its business. |
|||
8. | According to the information and explanations given to us, the Central
Government has not prescribed the maintenance of
cost records under clause (d) of sub-section (1) of Section 209 of the
Companies Act, 1956 in respect of services carried out by the Company. |
|||
9. | According to the information and explanations given to us, and on the
basis of our examination of the books of account, the Company has been
regular in depositing with appropriate authorities undisputed statutory
dues including provident fund, income-tax, sales-tax, customs duty,
investor education and protection fund, wealth tax and any other material
statutory dues applicable to it. |
|||
According to the information and explanations given to us, no undisputed dues
payable in respect of income-tax, sales tax, wealth tax, customs duty and
cess were outstanding at 31, March 2004 for a period of more than six months
from the date they became payable. According to the information and
explanations given to us, there are no dues in respect of sales tax, income
tax, customs duty, wealth tax, excise duty, and cess that have not been
deposited with the appropriate authorities on account of any dispute. |
||||
10. | The Company does not have any accumulated losses at the end of the
financial year and has not incurred cash losses in the financial year and in
the financial year immediately preceding such financial year. |
|||
11. | The Company has neither taken any loans from a financial institution and a
bank nor issued any debentures. Accordingly, clause 4(xi) of the order is not
applicable. |
|||
12. | The Company has not granted loans and advances on the basis of security by
way of pledge of shares, debentures and other securities. Accordingly, clause 4(xii) of the order is not applicable. |
|||
13. | The Company is not a chit fund, nidhi, mutual benefit fund or a society.
Accordingly, clause 4(xiii) of the order is not applicable. |
|||
14. | According to the information and explanations given to us, the Company is
not dealing or trading in shares, securities, debentures and other investments.
Accordingly, clause 4(xiv) of the order is not applicable. |
|||
15. | According to the information and explanations given to us, the Company has
not given any guarantee for loans taken by others from banks or financial
institutions. Accordingly, clause 4(xv) of the order is not applicable. |
|||
16. | The Company has not obtained any term loans. Accordingly, clause 4(xvi) of
the order is not applicable. |
|||
17. | According to the information and explanations given to us, the Company has
not raised any funds on short-term basis. All assets have been funded by
shareholders funds. |
|||
18. | The Company has not made any preferential allotment of shares to parties
and companies covered in the register maintained under section 301 of the Act.
Accordingly, clause 4(xviii) of the order is not applicable. |
|||
19. | The Company has not issued any debentures. Accordingly, clause 4(xix) of
the order is not applicable. |
|||
20. | The Company has not raised any money by public issues during the year.
Accordingly, clause 4(xx) of the order is not applicable. |
|||
21. | According to the information and explanations given to us, no fraud on or by the Company has
been noticed or reported during the year. |
|||
for Bharat S. Raut & Co. | ||
Chartered Accountants | ||
S. Balasubrahmanyam | ||
Bangalore April 13, 2004 |
Partner Membership No. 53315 |
42 | Annexure to the auditors report
Annual Report 2003 04
Balance sheet as at
in Rs. crore | ||||||||||||
Schedules | March 31, 2004 | March 31, 2003 | ||||||||||
SOURCES OF FUNDS |
||||||||||||
SHAREHOLDERS FUNDS |
||||||||||||
Share capital |
1 | 33.32 | 33.12 | |||||||||
Reserves and surplus |
2 | 3,220.11 | 2,827.53 | |||||||||
3,253.43 | 2,860.65 | |||||||||||
APPLICATION OF FUNDS |
||||||||||||
FIXED ASSETS |
3 | |||||||||||
Original cost |
1,570.23 | 1,273.31 | ||||||||||
Less: Depreciation and amortization |
803.41 | 577.15 | ||||||||||
Net book value |
766.82 | 696.16 | ||||||||||
Add: Capital work-in-progress |
203.48 | 76.56 | ||||||||||
970.30 | 772.72 | |||||||||||
INVESTMENTS |
4 | 1,027.38 | 33.20 | |||||||||
DEFERRED TAX ASSETS |
5 | 35.63 | 36.81 | |||||||||
CURRENT ASSETS, LOANS AND ADVANCES |
||||||||||||
Sundry debtors |
6 | 632.51 | 512.14 | |||||||||
Cash and bank balances |
7 | 1,638.01 | 1,336.23 | |||||||||
Loans and advances |
8 | 833.12 | 872.78 | |||||||||
3,103.64 | 2,721.15 | |||||||||||
Less: Current liabilities |
9 | 560.44 | 315.25 | |||||||||
Provisions |
10 | 1,323.08 | 387.98 | |||||||||
NET CURRENT ASSETS |
1,220.12 | 2,017.92 | ||||||||||
3,253.43 | 2,860.65 | |||||||||||
SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND NOTES ON ACCOUNTS |
22 | |||||||||||
for Bharat S. Raut & Co.
Chartered Accountants
S. Balasubrahmanyam
|
N. R. Narayana Murthy | Nandan M. Nilekani | S. Gopalakrishnan | Deepak M. Satwalekar | ||||
Partner Membership No. 53315 |
Chairman and Chief Mentor | Chief Executive Officer, President and Managing Director | Chief Operating Officer and Deputy Managing Director | Director | ||||
Marti G. Subrahmanyam | Philip Yeo | Omkar Goswami | Larry Pressler | |||||
Director | Director | Director | Director | |||||
Rama Bijapurkar | Claude Smadja | Sridar A. Iyengar | K. Dinesh | |||||
Director | Director | Director | Director | |||||
S. D. Shibulal | T. V. Mohandas Pai | Srinath Batni | V. Balakrishnan | |||||
Bangalore April 13, 2004 |
Director | Director and Chief Financial Officer | Director | Company Secretary and Vice President Finance |
Financial statements Indian GAAP | 43
Annual Report 2003 04
Profit and loss account for the year ended
in Rs. crore, except per share data | ||||||||||||
Schedules | March 31, 2004 | March 31, 2003 | ||||||||||
INCOME |
||||||||||||
Software services and products |
||||||||||||
Overseas |
4,694.69 | 3,543.51 | ||||||||||
Domestic |
66.20 | 79.18 | ||||||||||
4,760.89 | 3,622.69 | |||||||||||
SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT EXPENSES |
11 | 2,495.31 | 1,813.30 | |||||||||
GROSS PROFIT |
2,265.58 | 1,809.39 | ||||||||||
SELLING AND MARKETING EXPENSES |
12 | 335.08 | 266.98 | |||||||||
GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATION EXPENSES |
13 | 346.85 | 270.37 | |||||||||
681.93 | 537.35 | |||||||||||
OPERATING PROFIT BEFORE INTEREST, DEPRECIATION AND AMORTIZATION |
1,583.65 | 1,272.04 | ||||||||||
Interest |
| | ||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
230.90 | 188.95 | ||||||||||
OPERATING PROFIT AFTER INTEREST, DEPRECIATION AND AMORTIZATION |
1,352.75 | 1,083.09 | ||||||||||
Other income |
14 | 127.39 | 99.61 | |||||||||
Provision for investments |
9.67 | 23.77 | ||||||||||
NET PROFIT BEFORE TAX |
1,470.47 | 1,158.93 | ||||||||||
Provision for taxation |
15 | 227.00 | 201.00 | |||||||||
NET PROFIT AFTER TAX |
1,243.47 | 957.93 | ||||||||||
AMOUNT AVAILABLE FOR APPROPRIATION |
1,243.47 | 957.93 | ||||||||||
DIVIDEND |
||||||||||||
Interim |
96.09 | 82.76 | ||||||||||
Final |
99.96 | 96.05 | ||||||||||
One-time special dividend |
666.41 | | ||||||||||
Total dividend |
862.46 | 178.81 | ||||||||||
Dividend tax |
110.50 | 12.30 | ||||||||||
Amount transferred general reserve |
200.00 | 766.82 | ||||||||||
Balance retained in profit and loss account |
70.51 | | ||||||||||
1,243.47 | 957.93 | |||||||||||
EARNINGS PER SHARE |
||||||||||||
(Equity shares, par value Rs. 5/- each) |
||||||||||||
Basic |
187.38 | 144.68 | ||||||||||
Diluted |
185.05 | 143.37 | ||||||||||
Number of shares used in computing earnings per share |
||||||||||||
Basic |
6,63,61,944 | 6,62,11,068 | ||||||||||
Diluted |
6,71,96,754 | 6,68,16,821 | ||||||||||
SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND NOTES ON ACCOUNTS |
22 | |||||||||||
for Bharat S. Raut & Co.
Chartered Accountants
S. Balasubrahmanyam
|
N. R. Narayana Murthy | Nandan M. Nilekani | S. Gopalakrishnan | Deepak M. Satwalekar | ||||
Partner Membership No. 53315 |
Chairman and Chief Mentor | Chief Executive Officer, President and Managing Director | Chief Operating Officer and Deputy Managing Director | Director | ||||
Marti G. Subrahmanyam | Philip Yeo | Omkar Goswami | Larry Pressler | |||||
Director | Director | Director | Director | |||||
Rama Bijapurkar | Claude Smadja | Sridar A. Iyengar | K. Dinesh | |||||
Director | Director | Director | Director | |||||
S. D. Shibulal | T. V. Mohandas Pai | Srinath Batni | V. Balakrishnan | |||||
Bangalore April 13, 2004 |
Director | Director and Chief Financial Officer | Director | Company Secretary and Vice President Finance |
44 | Financial statements Indian GAAP
Annual Report 2003 04
Cash flow statement for the year ended
in Rs. crore | ||||||||||||
Schedules | March 31, 2004 | March 31, 2003 | ||||||||||
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES |
||||||||||||
Profit before tax |
1,470.47 | 1,158.93 | ||||||||||
Adjustments to reconcile profit before tax to cash provided by
operating activities |
||||||||||||
(Profit) / loss on sale of fixed assets |
(0.04 | ) | | |||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
230.90 | 188.95 | ||||||||||
Interest and dividend income |
(100.28 | ) | (78.05 | ) | ||||||||
Provisions on investments |
9.67 | 23.77 | ||||||||||
Exchange differences on translation of foreign currency cash and
cash equivalents |
6.59 | (0.97 | ) | |||||||||
Changes in current assets and liabilities |
||||||||||||
Sundry debtors |
(120.37 | ) | (175.41 | ) | ||||||||
Loans and advances |
16 | (1.34 | ) | (127.63 | ) | |||||||
Current liabilities and provisions |
17 | 245.50 | 158.46 | |||||||||
Income taxes paid during the year |
18 | (107.13 | ) | (232.09 | ) | |||||||
NET CASH GENERATED BY OPERATING ACTIVITIES |
1,633.97 | 915.96 | ||||||||||
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES |
||||||||||||
Proceeds on exercise of stock options |
122.27 | 13.52 | ||||||||||
Dividends paid during the year, including dividend tax |
(216.75 | ) | (165.49 | ) | ||||||||
NET CASH USED IN FINANCING ACTIVITIES |
(94.48 | ) | (151.97 | ) | ||||||||
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES |
||||||||||||
Purchases of fixed assets and change in capital work-in-progress |
19 | (429.87 | ) | (219.26 | ) | |||||||
Proceeds on disposal of fixed assets |
1.43 | 0.33 | ||||||||||
Investments in securities |
20 | (1,003.85 | ) | (12.53 | ) | |||||||
Interest and dividend income |
100.28 | 78.05 | ||||||||||
NET CASH USED IN INVESTING ACTIVITIES |
(1,332.01 | ) | (153.41 | ) | ||||||||
Effect of exchange differences on translation of foreign currency cash
and cash equivalents |
(6.59 | ) | 0.97 | |||||||||
Net (decrease) / increase in cash and cash equivalents during the year |
200.89 | 611.55 | ||||||||||
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT THE BEGINNING OF THE PERIOD / YEAR |
1,638.51 | 1,026.96 | ||||||||||
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT THE END OF THE YEAR |
21 | 1,839.40 | 1,638.51 | |||||||||
SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND NOTES ON ACCOUNTS |
22 | |||||||||||
for Bharat S. Raut & Co.
Chartered Accountants
S. Balasubrahmanyam
|
N. R. Narayana Murthy | Nandan M. Nilekani | S. Gopalakrishnan | Deepak M. Satwalekar | ||||
Partner Membership No. 53315 |
Chairman and Chief Mentor | Chief Executive Officer, President and Managing Director | Chief Operating Officer and Deputy Managing Director | Director | ||||
Marti G. Subrahmanyam | Philip Yeo | Omkar Goswami | Larry Pressler | |||||
Director | Director | Director | Director | |||||
Rama Bijapurkar | Claude Smadja | Sridar A. Iyengar | K. Dinesh | |||||
Director | Director | Director | Director | |||||
S. D. Shibulal | T. V. Mohandas Pai | Srinath Batni | V. Balakrishnan | |||||
Bangalore April 13, 2004 |
Director | Director and Chief Financial Officer | Director | Company Secretary and Vice President Finance |
Financial statements Indian GAAP | 45
Annual Report 2003 04
Schedules to the balance sheet as at
in Rs. crore | ||||||||||||
March 31, 2004 | March 31, 2003 | |||||||||||
1. | SHARE CAPITAL |
|||||||||||
AUTHORIZED |
||||||||||||
Equity shares, Rs. 5/- par value 10,00,00,000 equity shares |
50.00 | 50.00 | ||||||||||
ISSUED, SUBSCRIBED AND PAID UP |
||||||||||||
Equity shares, Rs. 5/- par value* |
33.32 | 33.12 | ||||||||||
6,66,41,056 (6,62,43,078) equity shares fully paid up |
||||||||||||
[Of the above, 5,78,88,200 (5,78,88,200) equity shares, fully paid up have been issued as bonus shares by capitalization of the general reserve] | ||||||||||||
33.32 | 33.12 | |||||||||||
Forfeited shares amounted to Rs. 1,500/- (Rs. 1,500/-) |
||||||||||||
*for details of options in respect of the above shares, refer to Note 22.2.13 |
||||||||||||
2. | RESERVES AND SURPLUS |
|||||||||||
Capital reserve |
5.94 | 5.94 | ||||||||||
Share premium account as at April 1, |
338.83 | 325.34 | ||||||||||
Add: received during the year on exercise of
stock options issued to employees |
122.07 | 13.49 | ||||||||||
460.90 | 338.83 | |||||||||||
General reserve as at April 1, |
2,482.76 | 1,715.94 | ||||||||||
Add: Transfer from the profit and loss account |
200.00 | 766.82 | ||||||||||
2,682.76 | 2,482.76 | |||||||||||
Balance in profit and loss account |
70.51 | | ||||||||||
3,220.11 | 2,827.53 | |||||||||||
3. FIXED ASSETS | in Rs. crore | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Particulars | Original cost | Depreciation and amortization | Net book value | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cost as at | Additions | Deletions | Cost as at | As at | For the | Deductions | As at | As at | As at | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
April 1, | during the | during the | March 31, | April 1, | year | during the | March 31, | March 31, | March 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2003 | year | year | 2004 | 2003 | year | 2004 | 2004 | 2003 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Land free-hold* |
15.88 | 4.17 | | 20.05 | | | | | 20.05 | 15.88 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
lease-hold |
31.40 | 38.80 | | 70.20 | | | | | 70.20 | 31.40 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Buildings* |
385.53 | 74.08 | | 459.61 | 51.11 | 29.36 | | 80.47 | 379.14 | 334.42 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Plant and machinery* |
227.32 | 54.33 | 0.26 | 281.39 | 113.66 | 51.62 | 0.18 | 165.10 | 116.29 | 113.66 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Computer equipment |
361.73 | 88.86 | 5.73 | 444.86 | 298.51 | 69.72 | 4.44 | 363.79 | 81.07 | 63.22 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Furniture and fixtures* |
208.97 | 42.62 | 0.04 | 251.55 | 102.27 | 49.39 | 0.02 | 151.64 | 99.91 | 106.70 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Vehicles |
0.35 | 0.08 | | 0.43 | 0.22 | 0.05 | | 0.27 | 0.16 | 0.13 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Intangible assets |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Intellectual property rights |
42.13 | 0.01 | | 42.14 | 11.38 | 30.76 | | 42.14 | | 30.75 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1,273.31 | 302.95 | 6.03 | 1,570.23 | 577.15 | 230.90 | 4.64 | 803.41 | 766.82 | 696.16 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Previous year |
960.60 | 317.86 | 5.15 | 1,273.31 | 393.03 | 188.95 | 4.83 | 577.15 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
46 | Financial statements Indian GAAP
Annual Report 2003 04
Schedules to the balance sheet as at
in Rs. crore | ||||||||||||
March 31, 2004 | March 31, 2003 | |||||||||||
4. | INVESTMENTS |
|||||||||||
Trade (unquoted) at cost |
||||||||||||
Long-term investments |
||||||||||||
In Subsidiaries |
||||||||||||
Progeon Limited, India |
24.50 | 12.25 | ||||||||||
2,44,99,993 (1,22,49,993) equity shares of Rs. 10/- each, fully paid |
||||||||||||
Infosys Technologies (Shanghai) Co. Limited, China |
4.55 | | ||||||||||
Infosys Technologies (Australia) Pty. Limited, Australia |
66.69 | | ||||||||||
1,01,08,869
(nil) equity shares of Aus $ 0.11 par value, fully paid |
||||||||||||
95.74 | 12.25 | |||||||||||
In others* |
30.01 | 53.98 | ||||||||||
Less: Provision for investments |
27.97 | 33.03 | ||||||||||
2.04 | 20.95 | |||||||||||
Non-trade (unquoted), at the lower of cost and fair value, current investments |
||||||||||||
Money market mutual funds |
929.60 | | ||||||||||
1,027.38 | 33.20 | |||||||||||
Aggregate of unquoted investments carrying value / cost |
1,027.38 | 33.20 | ||||||||||
*Refer to Note 22.2.19 for details of investments |
||||||||||||
5. | DEFERRED TAX ASSETS |
|||||||||||
Fixed assets |
26.89 | 22.43 | ||||||||||
Investments |
6.60 | 12.10 | ||||||||||
Sundry debtors |
2.14 | 2.28 | ||||||||||
35.63 | 36.81 | |||||||||||
6. | SUNDRY DEBTORS |
|||||||||||
Debts outstanding for a period exceeding six months |
||||||||||||
Unsecured |
||||||||||||
considered doubtful |
9.07 | 14.09 | ||||||||||
Other debts |
||||||||||||
Unsecured |
||||||||||||
considered good* |
632.51 | 512.14 | ||||||||||
considered doubtful |
4.29 | 0.22 | ||||||||||
645.87 | 526.45 | |||||||||||
Less: Provision for doubtful debts |
13.36 | 14.31 | ||||||||||
632.51 | 512.14 | |||||||||||
*Due from Progeon Limited, India, a subsidiary company |
| | ||||||||||
Includes dues from companies where directors are interested |
| | ||||||||||
7. | CASH AND BANK BALANCES |
|||||||||||
Cash on hand |
| 0.01 | ||||||||||
Balances with scheduled banks |
||||||||||||
In current accounts* |
179.25 | 50.76 | ||||||||||
In deposit accounts in Indian rupees |
1,299.28 | 1,129.53 | ||||||||||
Balances with non-scheduled banks** |
||||||||||||
In deposit accounts in foreign currency |
0.04 | | ||||||||||
In current accounts in foreign currency |
159.44 | 155.93 | ||||||||||
1,638.01 | 1,336.23 | |||||||||||
*Includes balance in unclaimed dividend account |
1.98 | 1.60 | ||||||||||
*Includes balance in escrow account |
0.04 | | ||||||||||
**Refer to Note 22.2.16 for details of balances in non-scheduled banks |
||||||||||||
Financial statements Indian GAAP | 47
Annual Report 2003 04
Schedules to the balance sheet as at
in Rs. crore | ||||||||||||
March 31, 2004 | March 31, 2003 | |||||||||||
8. | LOANS AND ADVANCES |
|||||||||||
Unsecured, considered good |
||||||||||||
Advances |
||||||||||||
prepaid expenses |
37.32 | 18.38 | ||||||||||
for supply of goods and rendering of services |
5.83 | 1.77 | ||||||||||
others* |
4.51 | 3.28 | ||||||||||
47.66 | 23.43 | |||||||||||
Unbilled revenues |
92.86 | 91.64 | ||||||||||
Advance income tax |
349.88 | 289.99 | ||||||||||
Loans and advances to employees** |
||||||||||||
housing and other loans |
83.26 | 102.51 | ||||||||||
salary advances |
33.62 | 33.93 | ||||||||||
Electricity and other deposits |
9.08 | 13.37 | ||||||||||
Rental deposits |
14.93 | 13.57 | ||||||||||
Deposits with financial institutions and body corporate |
201.39 | 302.28 | ||||||||||
Other assets |
0.44 | 2.06 | ||||||||||
833.12 | 872.78 | |||||||||||
Unsecured, considered doubtful |
||||||||||||
Loans and advances to employees |
0.09 | 0.41 | ||||||||||
833.21 | 873.19 | |||||||||||
Less: Provision for doubtful loans and advances to employees |
0.09 | 0.41 | ||||||||||
833.12 | 872.78 | |||||||||||
*Include dues from Infosys Technologies (Shanghai) Co. Limited, China |
0.85 | | ||||||||||
**Include dues by non-director officers of the company |
| 0.06 | ||||||||||
Maximum amounts due by non-director officers at any time during the year |
0.06 | 0.08 | ||||||||||
9. | CURRENT LIABILITIES |
|||||||||||
Sundry creditors |
||||||||||||
for goods* |
11.36 | 1.17 | ||||||||||
for accrued salaries and benefits |
||||||||||||
salaries |
14.58 | 15.61 | ||||||||||
bonus and incentives |
239.80 | 76.98 | ||||||||||
leave provisions |
41.45 | 27.47 | ||||||||||
for other liabilities |
||||||||||||
provision for expenses |
59.41 | 56.11 | ||||||||||
retention monies |
6.88 | 5.33 | ||||||||||
withholding and other taxes payable |
34.70 | 23.30 | ||||||||||
for purchase of intellectual property rights |
19.21 | 24.80 | ||||||||||
others |
3.02 | 5.78 | ||||||||||
430.41 | 236.55 | |||||||||||
Advances received from clients |
65.19 | 15.25 | ||||||||||
Unearned revenue |
62.86 | 61.85 | ||||||||||
Unclaimed dividend |
1.98 | 1.60 | ||||||||||
560.44 | 315.25 | |||||||||||
*Include dues to subsidiary companies |
||||||||||||
- Infosys Technologies (Australia) Pty. Limited, Australia |
11.34 | | ||||||||||
10. | PROVISIONS |
|||||||||||
Proposed dividend |
766.37 | 96.05 | ||||||||||
Provision for |
||||||||||||
Tax on dividend |
98.19 | 12.30 | ||||||||||
Income taxes |
453.39 | 274.81 | ||||||||||
Post-sales client support |
5.13 | 4.82 | ||||||||||
1,323.08 | 387.98 | |||||||||||
48 | Financial statements Indian GAAP
Annual Report 2003 04
Schedules to the profit and loss account for the year ended
in Rs. crore | ||||||||||||
March 31, 2004 | March 31, 2003 | |||||||||||
11. | SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT EXPENSES |
|||||||||||
Salaries and bonus including overseas staff expenses |
2,015.47 | 1,433.85 | ||||||||||
Staff welfare |
13.17 | 7.91 | ||||||||||
Contribution to provident and other funds |
49.90 | 31.94 | ||||||||||
Overseas travel expenses |
168.19 | 162.66 | ||||||||||
Consumables |
8.94 | 6.25 | ||||||||||
Cost of software packages |
||||||||||||
for own use |
64.84 | 54.75 | ||||||||||
for service delivery to clients |
16.04 | 12.99 | ||||||||||
Consultancy charges |
109.89 | 75.86 | ||||||||||
Computer maintenance |
11.89 | 9.33 | ||||||||||
Communication expenses |
32.18 | 23.94 | ||||||||||
Provision for post-sales client support |
0.30 | (6.18 | ) | |||||||||
Rent |
4.50 | | ||||||||||
2,495.31 | 1,813.30 | |||||||||||
12. | SELLING AND MARKETING EXPENSES |
|||||||||||
Salaries and bonus including overseas staff expenses |
207.25 | 141.73 | ||||||||||
Staff welfare |
0.59 | 0.62 | ||||||||||
Contribution to provident and other funds |
1.73 | 1.34 | ||||||||||
Overseas travel expenses |
40.45 | 45.16 | ||||||||||
Consumables |
0.19 | 0.21 | ||||||||||
Cost of software packages for own use |
0.18 | 0.21 | ||||||||||
Computer maintenance |
0.02 | 0.01 | ||||||||||
Communication expenses |
0.01 | 0.50 | ||||||||||
Traveling and conveyance |
1.43 | 1.19 | ||||||||||
Rent |
15.19 | 4.79 | ||||||||||
Telephone charges |
5.06 | 5.35 | ||||||||||
Professional charges |
5.75 | 10.63 | ||||||||||
Printing and stationery |
0.99 | 1.43 | ||||||||||
Advertisements |
0.53 | 1.04 | ||||||||||
Brand building |
34.23 | 29.05 | ||||||||||
Office maintenance |
0.24 | 2.72 | ||||||||||
Repairs to plant and machinery |
| 0.02 | ||||||||||
Power and fuel |
0.04 | 0.22 | ||||||||||
Insurance charges |
0.11 | 0.20 | ||||||||||
Rates and taxes |
0.08 | 0.27 | ||||||||||
Bank charges and commission |
0.02 | 0.09 | ||||||||||
Commission charges |
7.27 | 10.58 | ||||||||||
Marketing expenses |
5.99 | 6.72 | ||||||||||
Sales promotion expenses |
0.69 | 0.46 | ||||||||||
Other miscellaneous expenses |
7.04 | 2.44 | ||||||||||
335.08 | 266.98 | |||||||||||
Financial statements Indian GAAP | 49
Annual Report 2003 04
Schedules to the profit and loss account for the year ended
in Rs. crore | ||||||||||||
March 31, 2004 | March 31, 2003 | |||||||||||
13. | GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATION EXPENSES |
|||||||||||
Salaries and bonus including overseas staff expenses |
73.11 | 56.24 | ||||||||||
Contribution to provident and other funds |
4.64 | 3.49 | ||||||||||
Overseas travel expenses |
6.36 | 7.78 | ||||||||||
Traveling and conveyance |
22.27 | 16.76 | ||||||||||
Rent |
19.19 | 24.51 | ||||||||||
Telephone charges |
29.21 | 21.34 | ||||||||||
Legal and professional charges |
33.92 | 37.99 | ||||||||||
Printing and stationery |
5.87 | 4.80 | ||||||||||
Advertisements |
5.50 | 5.15 | ||||||||||
Office maintenance |
28.83 | 20.13 | ||||||||||
Repairs to building |
10.28 | 7.27 | ||||||||||
Repairs to plant and machinery |
4.85 | 4.75 | ||||||||||
Power and fuel |
28.68 | 22.38 | ||||||||||
Insurance charges |
23.73 | 9.83 | ||||||||||
Rates and taxes |
5.38 | 5.14 | ||||||||||
Donations |
14.29 | 6.09 | ||||||||||
Auditors remuneration |
||||||||||||
statutory audit fees |
0.31 | 0.27 | ||||||||||
certification charges |
0.03 | 0.03 | ||||||||||
others |
0.24 | | ||||||||||
out-of-pocket expenses |
0.02 | 0.02 | ||||||||||
Provision for bad and doubtful debts |
15.99 | 0.73 | ||||||||||
Provision for doubtful loans and advances |
0.14 | (0.07 | ) | |||||||||
Bank charges and commission |
0.73 | 0.66 | ||||||||||
Commission to non-wholetime directors |
1.49 | 1.12 | ||||||||||
Postage and courier |
3.91 | 3.99 | ||||||||||
Books and periodicals |
1.51 | 1.42 | ||||||||||
Research grants |
0.54 | | ||||||||||
Freight charges |
0.84 | 0.58 | ||||||||||
Professional membership and seminar participation fees |
3.57 | 3.55 | ||||||||||
Other miscellaneous expenses |
1.42 | 4.42 | ||||||||||
346.85 | 270.37 | |||||||||||
14. | OTHER INCOME |
|||||||||||
Interest received on deposits with banks and others* |
82.88 | 78.05 | ||||||||||
Dividend received on investment in mutual funds |
17.40 | | ||||||||||
Miscellaneous income |
7.68 | 3.89 | ||||||||||
Exchange differences |
19.43 | 17.67 | ||||||||||
127.39 | 99.61 | |||||||||||
*Tax deducted at source |
16.55 | 14.69 | ||||||||||
15. | PROVISION FOR TAXATION |
|||||||||||
Current year |
||||||||||||
income taxes |
226.31 | 212.09 | ||||||||||
deferred taxes |
1.18 | (12.59 | ) | |||||||||
227.49 | 199.50 | |||||||||||
Prior years |
(0.49 | ) | 1.50 | |||||||||
227.00 | 201.00 | |||||||||||
50 | Financial statements Indian GAAP
Annual Report 2003 04
Schedules to the statement of cash flows for the year ended
in Rs. crore | ||||||||||||||
March 31, 2004 | March 31, 2003 | |||||||||||||
16. | CHANGE IN LOANS AND ADVANCES | |||||||||||||
As per the balance sheet | 833.12 | 872.78 | ||||||||||||
Less: |
Deposits with financial institutions and body corporate, | |||||||||||||
included in cash and cash equivalents | (201.39 | ) | (302.28 | ) | ||||||||||
Advance income taxes separately considered | (349.88 | ) | (289.99 | ) | ||||||||||
281.85 | 280.51 | |||||||||||||
Less: |
Opening balance considered | (280.51 | ) | (152.88 | ) | |||||||||
1.34 | 127.63 | |||||||||||||
17. | CHANGE IN CURRENT LIABILITIES AND PROVISIONS | |||||||||||||
As per the Balance Sheet | 1,883.52 | 703.23 | ||||||||||||
Add / (Less): Provisions separately considered in the cash flow statement | ||||||||||||||
Income taxes | (453.39 | ) | (274.81 | ) | ||||||||||
Dividends | (766.37 | ) | (96.05 | ) | ||||||||||
Dividend tax | (98.19 | ) | (12.30 | ) | ||||||||||
Non-cash transactions (Also refer Note 22.2.26c) | | (24.50 | ) | |||||||||||
Less: |
Opening balance considered | (320.07 | ) | (137.11 | ) | |||||||||
245.50 | 158.46 | |||||||||||||
18. | INCOME TAXES PAID | |||||||||||||
Charge as per the profit and loss account | 227.00 | 201.00 | ||||||||||||
Add: |
Increase in advance income taxes | 59.89 | 53.74 | |||||||||||
Increase / (Decrease) in deferred taxes | (1.18 | ) | 12.59 | |||||||||||
Less: |
(Increase) / Decrease in income tax provision | (178.58 | ) | (35.24 | ) | |||||||||
107.13 | 232.09 | |||||||||||||
19. | PURCHASES OF FIXED ASSETS AND CHANGE IN CAPITAL WORK-IN-PROGRESS | |||||||||||||
As per the balance sheet | 302.95 | 317.87 | ||||||||||||
Less: |
Opening capital work-in-progress | (76.56 | ) | (150.67 | ) | |||||||||
Less: |
Non-cash transactions (Also refer Note 22.2.26c) | | (24.50 | ) | ||||||||||
Add: |
Closing capital work-in-progress | 203.48 | 76.56 | |||||||||||
429.87 | 219.26 | |||||||||||||
20. | INVESTMENTS IN SECURITIES | |||||||||||||
As per the Balance Sheet | 1,027.38 | 33.20 | ||||||||||||
Add: |
Provisions on investments | 9.67 | 23.77 | |||||||||||
1,037.05 | 56.97 | |||||||||||||
Less: |
Opening balance considered | (33.20 | ) | (44.44 | ) | |||||||||
1,003.85 | 12.53 | |||||||||||||
21. | CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT THE END OF THE YEAR | |||||||||||||
As per the balance sheet | 1,638.01 | 1,336.23 | ||||||||||||
Add: |
Deposits with financial institutions and body corporate, included herein | 201.39 | 302.28 | |||||||||||
1,839.40 | 1,638.51 | |||||||||||||
Financial statements Indian GAAP | 51
Annual Report 2003 04
Schedules to the financial statements for the year ended March 31, 2004
22. | Significant accounting policies and notes on accounts |
Company overview
Infosys Technologies Limited (Infosys), along with its majority owned and controlled subsidiaries, Progeon Limited (Progeon), Infosys Technologies (Australia) Pty. Limited (Infosys Australia), and Infosys Technologies (Shanghai) Co. Limited (Infosys Shanghai) is a leading global information technology, or IT, services company. The company provides end-to-end business solutions that leverage technology, thus enabling its clients to enhance business performance. The company provides solutions that span the entire software life cycle encompassing consulting, design, development, re-engineering, maintenance, systems integration and package evaluation and implementation. In addition, the company offers software products for the banking industry and business process management services.
22. 1 | Significant accounting policies |
22.1.1. | Basis of preparation of financial statements |
The accompanying financial statements are prepared in accordance with Indian Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) under the historical cost convention on the accruals basis. GAAP comprises mandatory accounting standards issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (ICAI), the provisions of the Companies Act, 1956, and guidelines issued by the Securities and Exchange Board of India. These accounting policies have been consistently applied, except where a newly issued accounting standard is initially adopted by the company. Management evaluates the effect of accounting standards issued on an on-going basis and ensures they are adopted as mandated by the ICAI. There are no recently issued accounting standards that management believes have a material impact on the financial statements of the company.
22.1.2. | Use of estimates |
The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires Infosys management (Management) to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported balances of assets and liabilities and disclosures relating to contingent assets and liabilities as at the date of the financial statements and reported amounts of income and expenses during the period. Examples of such estimates include accounting for contract costs expected to be incurred to complete software development, provisions for doubtful debts, future obligations under employee retirement benefit plans, income taxes, post-sales customer support and the useful lives of fixed assets and intangible assets. Contingencies are recorded when it is probable that a liability will be incurred, and the amount can be reasonably estimated. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
22.1.3. | Revenue recognition |
Revenue from software development on fixed-price, fixed-time frame contracts is recognized as per the proportionate-completion method. On time-and-materials contracts, revenue is recognized as the related services are rendered. Annual Technical Services revenue and revenue from fixed-price maintenance contracts are recognized proportionately over the period in which services are rendered. Revenue from the sale of user licenses for software applications is recognized on transfer of the title in the user license, except in multiple arrangement contracts, where revenue is recognized as per the proportionate-completion method. Interest is recognized using the time-proportion method, based on rates implicit in the transaction. Dividend income is recognized when the companys right to receive dividend is established.
22.1.4. | Expenditure |
The cost of software purchased for use in the software development and services is charged to cost of revenues in the year of acquisition. Charges relating to non-cancelable, long-term operating leases are computed on the basis of the lease rentals, payable as per the relevant lease agreements. Provisions are made for all known losses and liabilities. Provisions for any estimated losses on incomplete contracts are recorded in the period in which such losses become probable, based on current contract estimates. Leave encashment liability is provided on the basis of an actuarial valuation.
22.1.5. | Fixed assets, intangible assets and capital work-in-progress |
Fixed assets are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation. Direct costs are capitalized until fixed assets are ready for use. Capital work-in-progress comprises outstanding advances paid to acquire fixed assets, and the cost of fixed assets that are not yet ready for their intended use before the balance sheet date. Intangible assets are recorded at the consideration paid for acquisition.
22.1.6. | Depreciation and amortization |
Depreciation on fixed assets is applied on a straight-line basis over the useful lives of assets estimated by the Management. Depreciation for assets purchased / sold during a period is proportionately charged. Individual low cost assets (acquired for less than Rs. 5,000/-) are entirely depreciated in the year of acquisition. Intangible assets are amortized over their estimated useful lives on a straight-line basis, commencing from the date the asset is available to the company for its use. The Management estimates the useful lives for the various fixed assets as follows:
Buildings
|
15 years | |
Plant and machinery
|
5 years | |
Computer equipment
|
2-5 years | |
Furniture and fixtures
|
5 years | |
Vehicles
|
5 years | |
Intellectual property rights
|
1-2 years |
22.1.7. | Retirement benefits to employees |
22.1.7.a. | Gratuity |
In accordance with the Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972, Infosys provides for gratuity, a defined benefit retirement plan (the Gratuity Plan) covering eligible employees. The Gratuity Plan provides a lump sum payment to vested employees at retirement, death, incapacitation or termination of employment, of an amount based on the respective employees salary and the tenure of employment. Liabilities with regard to the Gratuity Plan are determined by actuarial valuation, based upon which, the company contributes all the ascertained liabilities to the Infosys Technologies Limited Employees Gratuity Fund Trust (Trust). Trustees administer contributions made to the Trust and contributions are invested in specific designated instruments, as permitted by law. Investments are also made in mutual funds that invest in the specific designated instruments.
22.1.7.b. | Superannuation |
Certain employees of Infosys are also participants of a defined contribution plan. The company makes monthly contributions under the superannuation plan (the Plan) to the Infosys Technologies Limited Employees Superannuation Fund Trust based on a specified percentage of each covered employees salary. The company has no further obligations to the Plan beyond its monthly contributions.
52 | Financial statements Indian GAAP
Annual Report 2003 04
22.1.7.c. | Provident fund |
Eligible employees receive benefits from a provident fund, which is a defined contribution plan. Both the employee and the company make monthly contributions to the provident fund plan equal to a specified percentage of the covered employees salary.
Infosys contributes a part of the contributions to the Infosys Technologies Limited Employees Provident Fund Trust. The remainders of the contributions are made to a government administered provident fund. The company has no further obligations under the provident fund plan beyond its monthly contributions.
22.1.8. | Research and development |
Revenue expenditure incurred on research and development is expensed as incurred. Capital expenditure incurred on research and development is depreciated over the estimated useful lives of the related assets.
22.1.9. | Foreign currency transactions |
Revenue from overseas clients and collections deposited in foreign currency bank accounts are recorded at the exchange rate as of the date of the respective transactions. Expenditure in foreign currency is accounted at the exchange rate prevalent when such expenditure is incurred. Disbursements made out of foreign currency bank accounts are reported at a rate that approximates the actual monthly average rate. Exchange differences are recorded when the amount actually received on sales or actually paid when expenditure is incurred, is converted into Indian Rupees. The exchange differences arising on foreign currency transactions are recognized as income or expense in the period in which they arise.
Fixed assets purchased at overseas offices are recorded at cost, based on the exchange rate as of the date of purchase. The charge for depreciation is determined as per the companys accounting policy.
Monetary current assets and monetary current liabilities that are denominated in foreign currency are translated at the exchange rate prevalent at the date of the balance sheet. The resulting difference is also recorded in the profit and loss account. In the case of forward contracts, the difference between the forward rate and the exchange rate on the date of the transaction is recognized as income or expense over the life of the contract.
22.1.10. | Income tax |
Income taxes are computed using the tax effect accounting method, where taxes are accrued in the same period the related revenue and expenses arise. A provision is made for income tax annually, based on the tax liability computed, after considering tax allowances and exemptions. Provisions are recorded when it is estimated that a liability due to disallowances or other matters is probable.
The differences that result between the profit considered for income taxes and the profit as per the financial statements are identified, and thereafter a deferred tax asset or deferred tax liability is recorded for timing differences, namely the differences that originate in one accounting period and reverse in another, based on the tax effect of the aggregate amount being considered. The tax effect is calculated on
the accumulated timing differences at the end of an accounting period, based on prevailing enacted or substantially enacted regulations. Deferred tax assets are recognized only if there is reasonable certainty that they will be realized and are reviewed for the appropriateness of their respective carrying values at each balance sheet date. The income tax provision for the interim period is made based on the best estimate of the effective tax rate expected to be applicable for the full fiscal year.
22.1.11. | Earnings per share |
In determining earnings per share, the company considers the net profit after tax. The number of shares used in computing basic earnings per share is the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period. The number of shares used in computing diluted earnings per share comprises the weighted average shares considered for deriving basic earnings per share, and also the weighted average number of equity shares that could have been issued on the conversion of all dilutive potential equity shares. The diluted potential equity shares are adjusted for the proceeds receivable, had the shares been actually issued at fair value (i.e. the average market value of the outstanding shares). Dilutive potential equity shares are deemed converted as of the beginning of the period, unless they have been issued at a later date. The number of shares and potentially dilutive equity shares are adjusted for stock splits and bonus shares, as appropriate.
22.1.12. | Investments |
Trade investments are the investments made to enhance the companys business interests. Investments are either classified as current or long-term, based on the Managements intention at the time of purchase. Current investments are carried at the lower of cost and fair value. Cost for overseas investments comprises the Indian Rupee value of the consideration paid for the investment.
Long-term investments are carried at cost and provisions recorded to recognize any decline, other than temporary, in the carrying value of each investment. Dividends, if any, are recorded as income in the profit and loss account.
22.1.13. | Cash flow statement |
Cash flows are reported using the indirect method, whereby profit before tax is adjusted for the effects of transactions of a non-cash nature and any deferrals or accruals of past or future cash receipts or payments. The cash flows from regular revenue generating, financing, and investing activities of the company are segregated. Cash flows in foreign currencies are accounted at average monthly exchange rates that approximate the actual rates of exchange prevailing at the dates of the transactions.
22.2 | Notes on accounts |
All amounts in the financial statements are presented in Rupees crore, except for per share data and as otherwise stated. All exact amounts are stated with the suffix /-. One crore equals 10 million.
The previous periods / years figures have been regrouped / reclassified, wherever necessary to conform to the current periods / years presentation.
22.2.1. | Capital commitments and contingent liabilities |
As at March 31, | As at March 31, | |||||||
2004 | 2003 | |||||||
Estimated amount of unexecuted capital contracts (net of advances and deposits) |
Rs. 192.49 | Rs. 86.49 | ||||||
Outstanding guarantees and counter guarantees to various banks, in respect of the
guarantees given by those banks in favor of various government authorities
and others |
Rs. 11.23 | Rs. 7.99 | ||||||
Claims against the company, not acknowledged as debts |
Rs. 4.53 | Rs. 15.17 | ||||||
Forward contracts outstanding |
||||||||
in US $ |
US $143,000,000 | US $88,000,000 | ||||||
(equivalent approximate in Rs. crore) |
(Rs. 643.93 | ) | (Rs. 425.87 | ) | ||||
Unamortized income |
Rs. 3.13 | Rs. 2.46 | ||||||
Financial statements Indian GAAP | 53
Annual Report 2003 04
During the quarter ended September 30, 2003, Ms. Jennifer Griffith, a former employee, filed a lawsuit against the company and its former director, Mr. Phaneesh Murthy. The lawsuit was served on the company during the quarter ended December 31, 2003. Management is reviewing the allegations. Based on its present knowledge of facts, management estimates that the lawsuit will not have material impact on the result of operation or financial position of the company.
22.2.2. | Aggregate expenses |
The following are the aggregate amounts incurred on certain specific expenses that are required to be disclosed under Schedule VI to the Companies Act, 1956.
22.2.3. | Quantitative details |
The company is primarily engaged in the development and maintenance of computer software. The production and sale of such software cannot be expressed in any generic unit. Hence, it is not possible to give the quantitative details of sales and certain information as required under paragraphs 3, 4C and 4D of part II of Schedule VI to the Companies Act, 1956.
Year ended March 31, | ||||||||
2004 | 2003 | |||||||
Salaries and bonus, including overseas staff expenses |
2,295.83 | 1,631.82 | ||||||
Contribution to provident and other funds |
56.27 | 36.77 | ||||||
Staff welfare |
13.76 | 8.53 | ||||||
Overseas travel expenses |
215.00 | 215.60 | ||||||
Consumables |
9.13 | 6.46 | ||||||
Cost of software packages |
||||||||
for own use |
65.02 | 54.96 | ||||||
for service delivery to clients |
16.04 | 12.99 | ||||||
Computer maintenance |
11.91 | 9.34 | ||||||
Communication expenses |
32.19 | 24.44 | ||||||
Consultancy charges |
109.89 | 75.86 | ||||||
Provision for post-sales client support |
0.30 | (6.18 | ) | |||||
Traveling and conveyance |
23.70 | 17.95 | ||||||
Rent |
38.88 | 29.30 | ||||||
Telephone charges |
34.27 | 26.69 | ||||||
Professional charges |
39.67 | 48.62 | ||||||
Printing and stationery |
6.86 | 6.23 | ||||||
Advertisements |
6.03 | 6.19 | ||||||
Office maintenance |
29.07 | 22.85 | ||||||
Repairs to building |
10.28 | 7.27 | ||||||
Repairs to plant and machinery |
4.85 | 4.77 | ||||||
Power and fuel |
28.72 | 22.60 | ||||||
Brand building |
34.23 | 29.05 | ||||||
Insurance charges |
23.84 | 10.03 | ||||||
Rates and taxes |
5.46 | 5.41 | ||||||
Commission charges |
7.27 | 10.58 | ||||||
Donations |
14.29 | 6.09 | ||||||
Auditors remuneration |
||||||||
statutory audit fees |
0.31 | 0.27 | ||||||
certification charges |
0.03 | 0.03 | ||||||
others |
0.24 | | ||||||
out-of-pocket expenses |
0.02 | 0.02 | ||||||
Provision for bad and doubtful debts |
15.99 | 0.73 | ||||||
Provision for doubtful loans and advances |
0.14 | (0.07 | ) | |||||
Bank charges and commission |
0.75 | 0.75 | ||||||
Commission to non-wholetime directors |
1.49 | 1.12 | ||||||
Postage and courier |
3.91 | 3.99 | ||||||
Books and periodicals |
1.51 | 1.42 | ||||||
Research grants |
0.54 | | ||||||
Freight charges |
0.84 | 0.58 | ||||||
Professional membership and seminar participation fees |
3.57 | 3.55 | ||||||
Marketing expenses |
5.99 | 6.72 | ||||||
Sales promotion expenses |
0.69 | 0.46 | ||||||
Other miscellaneous expenses |
8.46 | 6.86 | ||||||
3,177.24 | 2,350.65 | |||||||
54 | Financial statements Indian GAAP
Annual Report 2003 04
22.2.4. | Imports (valued on the cost, insurance and freight basis) |
Year ended March 31, | ||||||||
2004 | 2003 | |||||||
Capital goods |
70.64 | 53.58 | ||||||
Software packages |
10.26 | 4.87 | ||||||
22.2.5. | Activity in foreign currency |
Year ended March 31, | ||||||||
2004 | 2003 | |||||||
Earnings in foreign currency (on the receipts basis) |
||||||||
Income from software services
and products |
4,531.54 | 3,375.82 | ||||||
Interest received on
deposits with banks |
1.02 | 2.05 | ||||||
Expenditure in foreign currency (on the payments basis) |
||||||||
Travel expenses |
165.34 | 141.87 | ||||||
Professional charges |
30.87 | 33.27 | ||||||
Other expenditure incurred
overseas for software development |
1,730.43 | 1,360.26 | ||||||
Net earnings in foreign currency (on the receipts and payments basis) |
||||||||
Net earnings in foreign exchange |
2,605.92 | 1,842.47 | ||||||
22.2.6. | Obligations on long-term, non-cancelable operating leases |
The lease rentals charged during the period and maximum obligations on long-term, non-cancelable operating leases payable as per the rentals stated in the respective agreements are as follows:
Year ended March 31, | ||||||||
2004 | 2003 | |||||||
Lease rentals recognized
during the period / year |
38.88 | 29.30 | ||||||
Lease obligations | As at March 31, | |||||||
2004 | 2003 | |||||||
Within one year of the
balance sheet date |
25.04 | 17.93 | ||||||
Due in a period between
one year and five years |
56.74 | 36.00 | ||||||
Due after five years |
4.82 | 7.00 | ||||||
The operating lease arrangements extend for a maximum of 10 years from their respective dates of inception and relates to rented overseas premises and car rentals.
Lease rental commitments on a contract with Progeon Limited, a subsidiary company, as at March 31, 2004 and 2003 due to Infosys within one year of the balance sheet date amounted to Rs. 8.02 and Rs. 4.05 and due in the period between one and five years amounted to Rs. 9.48 and 6.14 respectively. The lease for premises extends for a maximum period of five years from quarter ended June 30, 2002 (the period of inception).
The sub-lease rentals received from Progeon during the year ended March 31, 2004 and 2003 amounted to Rs. 0.92 and Rs. nil respectively.
Fixed assets stated below have been provided on operating lease to Progeon, a subsidiary company under the same management, as at March 31, 2004 and 2003.
Particulars | Cost | Accumulated | Net book | |||||||||
depreciation | value | |||||||||||
Building |
12.57 | 1.99 | 10.58 | |||||||||
10.21 | 0.62 | 9.59 | ||||||||||
Plant and machinery |
5.44 | 2.96 | 2.48 | |||||||||
2.94 | 0.70 | 2.24 | ||||||||||
Computers |
1.24 | 1.07 | 0.17 | |||||||||
0.85 | 0.49 | 0.36 | ||||||||||
Furniture and fixtures |
9.16 | 5.48 | 3.68 | |||||||||
2.64 | 0.88 | 1.76 | ||||||||||
Total |
28.41 | 11.50 | 16.91 | |||||||||
16.64 | 2.69 | 13.95 | ||||||||||
The aggregate depreciation charged on the above during the year ended March 31, 2004 and 2003 amounted to Rs. 4.41 and Rs. 2.69 respectively.
The rental income from Progeon for the year ended March 31, 2004 and 2003 amounted to Rs. 6.49 and Rs. 1.96 respectively.
22.2.7. | Related party transactions |
The company entered into related party transactions with Progeon Limited, a subsidiary company. The transactions are set out below.
Particulars | Year ended March 31, | |||||||
2004 | 2003 | |||||||
Capital transactions: |
||||||||
Financing transactions amount paid
to Progeon for issue of 1,22,50,000
(1,22,49,993) fully paid
equity shares of Rs. 10/- each at par |
12.25 | 12.25 | ||||||
Rental deposit |
1.61 | | ||||||
Revenue transactions: |
||||||||
Purchase of services |
0.70 | 2.07 | ||||||
0.70 | 2.07 | |||||||
Sale of services |
||||||||
Business consulting services |
0.12 | 3.56 | ||||||
Shared services including
facilities and personnel |
12.70 | 9.61 | ||||||
12.82 | 13.17 | |||||||
Particulars | Year ended March 31, | |||||||
2004 | 2003 | |||||||
Capital transactions: |
||||||||
Purchase of fixed assets |
3.50 | | ||||||
Transfer of advances |
2.33 | | ||||||
Revenue transactions: |
||||||||
Purchase of services |
47.20 | | ||||||
Sale of services |
||||||||
Software services & products-overseas |
2.93 | | ||||||
Shared services including facilities
and personnel |
| | ||||||
2.93 | | |||||||
Particulars | Year ended March 31, | |||||||
2004 | 2003 | |||||||
Capital transactions: |
||||||||
Financing transactions amount remitted towards capital |
4.55 | | ||||||
Financial statements Indian GAAP | 55
Annual Report 2003 04
on the board of Supplychainge Inc. During the year ended March 31, 2004 and 2003, the company paid Rs. 0.71 and Rs. nil, respectively, to Supplychainge Inc. towards marketing services under this alliance. Additionally, amount receivable from Supplychainge Inc. as at March 31, 2004 and 2003 amounted to Rs. nil and Rs. 0.03 respectively, an amount that has been outstanding for a period exceeding six months and fully provided.
Mr. Deepak M. Satwalekar, Director, is also Director of HDFC. Prof. Marti G. Subrahmanyam, Director, is also a director in ICICI Bank Limited. Except as directors in these financial institutions, these persons have no direct interest in these transactions.
During the year ended March 31, 2004 and 2003, an amount of Rs. 12.00 and Rs. 5.53, respectively, has been donated to Infosys Foundation, a not-for-profit trust, in which certain directors of the company are trustees.
22.2.8. | Transactions with key management personnel |
Managerial remuneration for non-wholetime directors:
Year ended March 31, | ||||||||
2004 | 2003 | |||||||
Commission |
1.49 | 1.12 | ||||||
Sitting fees |
0.04 | 0.05 | ||||||
Reimbursement of expenses |
0.33 | 0.43 | ||||||
Computation of net profit in accordance with Section 349 of the Companies Act, 1956, and calculation of commission payable to non-wholetime directors.
Year ended March 31, | ||||||||||
2004 | 2003 | |||||||||
Net profit after tax from ordinary activities |
1,243.47 | 957.93 | ||||||||
Add: | ||||||||||
1. |
Wholetime directors remuneration | 2.47 | 6.07 | |||||||
2. |
Directors sitting fees | 0.04 | 0.05 | |||||||
3. |
Commission to non-wholetime directors | 1.49 | 1.12 | |||||||
4. |
Provision for bad and doubtful debts | 15.99 | 0.73 | |||||||
5. |
Provision for bad loans and advances | 0.14 | (0.07 | ) | ||||||
6. |
Provision on investments | 9.67 | 23.77 | |||||||
7. |
Depreciation as per books of accounts | 230.90 | 188.95 | |||||||
8. |
Provision for taxation | 227.00 | 201.00 | |||||||
1,731.17 | 1,379.55 | |||||||||
Less: | ||||||||||
Depreciation as envisaged under Section 350 of the Companies Act* |
230.90 | 188.95 | ||||||||
Net profit on which commission is payable |
1,500.27 | 1,190.60 | ||||||||
Commission payable to non-wholetime directors: |
||||||||||
Maximum allowed per the Companies Act, 1956 at 1% |
15.00 | 11.91 | ||||||||
Maximum approved by the shareholders (0.5%) |
7.50 | 5.96 | ||||||||
Commission approved by the board |
1.49 | 1.12 | ||||||||
Key management personnel comprise our directors and statutory officers.
Particulars of remuneration and other benefits provided to key management personnel:
For the year ended March 31, 2004 and 2003, are set out below:
Name | Salary | Contributions to | Perquisites and | Total | ||||||||||||
provident and | incentives | remuneration | ||||||||||||||
other funds | ||||||||||||||||
Chairman and Chief Mentor |
||||||||||||||||
N. R. Narayana Murthy |
0.08 | 0.04 | 0.10 | 0.22 | ||||||||||||
0.08 | 0.04 | 0.08 | 0.20 | |||||||||||||
Chief Executive Officer, President and Managing Director |
||||||||||||||||
Nandan M. Nilekani |
0.09 | 0.04 | 0.10 | 0.23 | ||||||||||||
0.08 | 0.04 | 0.07 | 0.19 | |||||||||||||
Chief Operating Officer and Deputy Managing Director |
||||||||||||||||
S. Gopalakrishnan |
0.08 | 0.04 | 0.10 | 0.22 | ||||||||||||
0.08 | 0.04 | 0.08 | 0.20 | |||||||||||||
Wholetime Directors |
||||||||||||||||
K. Dinesh |
0.09 | 0.04 | 0.10 | 0.23 | ||||||||||||
0.08 | 0.04 | 0.07 | 0.19 | |||||||||||||
S. D. Shibulal |
0.76 | | 0.23 | 0.99 | ||||||||||||
1.09 | | 0.15 | 1.24 | |||||||||||||
Chief Financial Officer |
||||||||||||||||
T. V. Mohandas Pai |
0.11 | 0.04 | 0.16 | 0.31 | ||||||||||||
0.08 | 0.04 | 0.05 | 0.17 | |||||||||||||
Srinath Batni |
0.10 | 0.04 | 0.13 | 0.27 | ||||||||||||
0.08 | 0.04 | 0.05 | 0.17 | |||||||||||||
Phaneesh Murthy |
||||||||||||||||
(Until July 23, 2002) |
| | | | ||||||||||||
0.99 | | 2.73 | 3.72 | |||||||||||||
56 | Financial statements Indian GAAP
Annual Report 2003 04
Particulars of remuneration and other benefits provided to key management personnel (contd.)
Name | Commission | Sitting fees | Reimbursement | Total | ||||||||||||
of expenses | remuneration | |||||||||||||||
Non-Wholetime Directors |
||||||||||||||||
Deepak M. Satwalekar |
0.21 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.23 | ||||||||||||
0.12 | | 0.02 | 0.14 | |||||||||||||
Marti G. Subrahmanyam |
0.19 | | 0.07 | 0.26 | ||||||||||||
0.12 | 0.01 | 0.08 | 0.21 | |||||||||||||
Philip Yeo |
0.15 | | 0.01 | 0.16 | ||||||||||||
0.12 | | 0.01 | 0.13 | |||||||||||||
Jitendra Vir Singh |
0.08 | | | 0.08 | ||||||||||||
0.29 | 0.01 | 0.09 | 0.39 | |||||||||||||
Omkar Goswami |
0.18 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.20 | ||||||||||||
0.12 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.15 | |||||||||||||
Larry Pressler |
0.16 | | 0.01 | 0.17 | ||||||||||||
0.12 | 0.01 | 0.09 | 0.22 | |||||||||||||
Rama Bijapurkar |
0.19 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.21 | ||||||||||||
0.12 | | 0.02 | 0.14 | |||||||||||||
Claude Smadja |
0.12 | | 0.09 | 0.21 | ||||||||||||
0.17 | 0.01 | 0.10 | 0.28 | |||||||||||||
Sridar A. Iyengar |
0.18 | 0.01 | 0.13 | 0.32 | ||||||||||||
| | | | |||||||||||||
Other senior management personnel
For the year ended March 31, 2004 and 2003 are set out below:
Name | Salary | Contributions | Perquisites | Total | Total | Outstanding | ||||||||||||||||||
to provident | and incentive | remuneration | loans granted | loans | ||||||||||||||||||||
and other funds | and advances | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Company Secretary |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
V. Balakrishnan, |
0.12 | 0.04 | 0.22 | 0.38 | | | ||||||||||||||||||
0.05 | 0.02 | 0.10 | 0.17 | | | |||||||||||||||||||
The details of the options granted to non-wholetime directors and other senior officers during the year ended March 31, 2004 and 2003 are as follows:
Name | Date of grant | Option plan | Number of | Exercise price | Expiration of | |||||||||||||||
options granted | (in Rs.) | options | ||||||||||||||||||
Non-Wholetime Directors |
||||||||||||||||||||
Sridar A. Iyengar |
April 10, 2003 | 1999 | 2,000 | 3,049.75 | April 09, 2013 | |||||||||||||||
Claude Smadja |
July 10, 2002 | 1999 | 2,000 | 3,333.65 | July 09, 2012 | |||||||||||||||
22.2.9. | Exchange differences |
Other income includes exchange differences of Rs. 19.43 and Rs. 17.67 for the year ended March 31, 2004, and 2003, respectively. Of this amount, the losses on translation of foreign currency deposits amounted to Rs. nil and Rs. 0.97 for the year ended March 31, 2004 and 2003, respectively.
22.2.10. | Research and development expenditure |
Year ended March 31, | ||||||||
2004 | 2003 | |||||||
Capital |
1.48 | 0.67 | ||||||
Revenue |
43.06 | 13.77 | ||||||
44.54 | 14.44 | |||||||
22.2.11. | Unearned revenue |
Unearned revenue as at March 31, 2004 amounting to Rs. 62.86 (as at March 31, 2003, Rs. 61.85) primarily consists of client billings on fixed-price, fixed-time-frame contracts for which the related costs have not yet been incurred.
22.2.12. | Dues to small-scale industrial undertakings |
As at March 31, 2004, the company had no outstanding dues to small-scale industrial undertakings (as at March 31, 2003 Rs. nil).
22.2.13. | Stock option plans |
The company currently has three stock option plans. These are summarized below.
1994 Stock Option Plan (the 1994 Plan)
As of March 31, 2004, the options to acquire 3,52,400 shares are outstanding with the Employee Welfare Trust. There are 3,17,600 outstanding options to acquire shares under the 1994 Plan. The 1994 Plan elapsed in fiscal year 2000 and, consequently, no further grants will be made under this plan.
1998 Stock Option Plan (the 1998 Plan)
The 1998 Plan was approved by the board of directors in December 1997 and by the shareholders in January 1998. The Government of India approved 29,40,000 ADSs representing 14,70,000 equity shares for issue under the Plan. The options may be issued at an exercise price that is not less than 90% of the fair market value of the underlying equity share on the date of the grant. The 1998 Plan automatically expires in January 2008, unless terminated earlier. All options under the 1998 Plan are exercisable for ADSs representing equity shares. A compensation committee comprising independent members of the board of directors administers the 1998 Plan. All options have been granted at 100% of fair market value.
Financial statements Indian GAAP | 57
Annual Report 2003 04
Number of options granted, exercised and forfeited | Year ended March 31, | |||||||
2004 | 2003 | |||||||
Options granted, beginning of period / year |
25,03,406 | 22,62,494 | ||||||
Granted during the period / year |
95,900 | 5,80,200 | ||||||
Exercised during the period / year |
(2,58,870 | ) | (89,540 | ) | ||||
Forfeited during the period / year |
(4,04,931 | ) | (2,49,748 | ) | ||||
Options granted, end of period / year |
19,35,505 | 25,03,406 | ||||||
1999 Stock Option Plan (the 1999 Plan)
In fiscal 2000, the company instituted the 1999 Plan. The shareholders and the board of directors approved the plan in June 1999, which provides for the issue of 66,00,000 equity shares to the employees. The compensation committee administers the 1999 Plan. Options will be issued to employees at an exercise price that is not less than the fair market value.
Fair market value is the closing price of the companys shares in the stock exchange, where there is the highest trading volume on a given date and if the shares are not traded on that day, the closing price on the next trading day.
Number of options granted, exercised and forfeited | Year ended March 31, | |||||||
2004 | 2003 | |||||||
Options granted, beginning of period / year |
50,61,171 | 46,68,815 | ||||||
Granted during the period / year |
1,92,800 | 6,16,850 | ||||||
Exercised during the period / year |
(2,68,543 | ) | (12,178 | ) | ||||
Forfeited during the period / year |
(3,94,898 | ) | (2,12,316 | ) | ||||
Options granted, end of period / year |
45,90,530 | 50,61,171 | ||||||
22.2.14. | Pro forma disclosures relating to the Employee Stock Option Plans (ESOPs) |
The Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) issued the Employee Stock Option Scheme and Employee Stock Purchase Scheme Guidelines in 1999, which is applicable to all stock option schemes established on or after June 19, 1999. In accordance with these guidelines, the excess of the market price of the underlying equity shares as of the date of the grant of the options over the exercise price of the options, including up-front payments, if any, is to be recognized and amortized on a straight-line basis over the vesting period. All options under the 1998 and 1999 stock option plans have been issued at fair market value, hence there are no compensation costs.
The companys 1994 Stock Option Plan was established prior to the SEBI guidelines on stock options.
Had the stock compensation costs for this stock option plan been determined as per the guidelines issued by SEBI, the companys reported net profit would have been reduced to the pro forma amounts indicated below:
Year ended March 31, | ||||||||
2004 | 2003 | |||||||
Net profit: |
||||||||
As reported |
1,243.47 | 957.93 | ||||||
Adjusted pro forma |
1,230.57 | 934.76 | ||||||
22.2.15. | Income taxes |
The provision for taxation includes tax liabilities in India on the companys global income as reduced by exempt incomes and any tax liabilities arising overseas on income sourced from those countries.
Most of Infosys operations are conducted through 100% Export Oriented Units (EOU). Income from EOUs are tax exempt for the earlier of 10 years, commencing from the fiscal year in which the unit commences software development, or March 31, 2009. The Finance Act 2002, states that the exempt income from EOUs for the year commencing April 1, 2002, is restricted to 90% of its aggregate income. However, this restriction is not applicable for the year commencing from April 01, 2003, and accordingly, 100% of the income derived from EOUs are exempt from taxation. Additionally, non-EOU exports are partly exempt from tax and such tax deductions are being phased out by fiscal 2004.
22.2.16. | Cash and bank balances |
Details of balances kept with non-scheduled banks as on balance sheet dates and the maximum balances kept with non-schedule banks during the period / year are as follows:
Balances with non-scheduled banks | As at March 31, | |||||||
2004 | 2003 | |||||||
In current accounts |
||||||||
ABN Amro Bank, Taipei, Taiwan |
0.94 | 0.14 | ||||||
Bank of America, Palo Alto, USA |
108.03 | 124.83 | ||||||
Bank of America (Nations bank), Dallas, USA |
| 2.92 | ||||||
Bank of China, Beijing China |
0.03 | | ||||||
Bank of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia |
0.23 | 0.16 | ||||||
Citibank NA, Melbourne, Australia |
20.21 | 0.86 | ||||||
Citibank NA, Hong Kong |
0.09 | 0.24 | ||||||
Citibank NA, Singapore |
0.47 | 0.07 | ||||||
Citibank NA, Sydney, Australia |
0.04 | | ||||||
Citibank NA, Tokyo, Japan |
0.08 | 0.70 | ||||||
Citibank NA, Sharjah, UAE |
0.03 | | ||||||
Deutsche Bank, Brussels, Belgium |
3.30 | 1.02 | ||||||
Deutsche Bank, Frankfurt, Germany |
2.03 | 5.88 | ||||||
Deutsche Bank, Netherlands |
0.05 | 0.29 | ||||||
Deutsche Bank, Paris, France |
0.30 | 0.22 | ||||||
Deutsche Bank, Zurich, Switzerland |
0.40 | 0.04 | ||||||
Fleet Bank (Bank of Boston), Boston, USA |
| 0.97 | ||||||
HSBC Bank PLC, Croydon, UK |
11.17 | 12.86 | ||||||
National Bank of Sharjah, UAE |
| 0.08 | ||||||
Nordbanken, Stockholm, Sweden |
0.02 | 0.19 | ||||||
Nova Scotia Bank, Toronto, Canada |
5.33 | 3.60 | ||||||
Royal Bank of Canada, Canada |
6.21 | | ||||||
Svenska Handeb Bank, Sweden |
0.26 | 0.43 | ||||||
Sanwa Bank, Tokyo, Japan |
0.22 | 0.43 | ||||||
159.44 | 155.93 | |||||||
58 | Financial statements Indian GAAP
Annual Report 2003 04
Maximum balance held in | ||||||||
non-scheduled banks during | Year ended March 31, | |||||||
the period / year | 2004 | 2003 | ||||||
in current accounts |
||||||||
ABN Amro Bank, Brussels, Belgium |
| 0.12 | ||||||
ABN Amro Bank, Taipei, Taiwan |
0.96 | 0.14 | ||||||
Bank of America, Concord, USA |
| 3.47 | ||||||
Bank of America, Hong Kong |
| 0.38 | ||||||
Bank of America, Palo Alto, USA |
263.45 | 271.39 | ||||||
Bank of America, Singapore |
| 0.38 | ||||||
Bank of America (Nations Bank), Dallas, USA |
6.98 | 4.41 | ||||||
Bank of China, Beijing, China |
0.13 | | ||||||
Bank of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia |
3.20 | 2.82 | ||||||
Citibank NA, Melbourne, Australia |
20.21 | 1.35 | ||||||
Citibank NA, Hong Kong |
0.41 | 0.40 | ||||||
Citibank NA, Singapore |
0.57 | 0.24 | ||||||
Citibank NA, Sydney, Australia |
15.31 | | ||||||
Citibank NA, Tokyo, Japan |
5.74 | 5.38 | ||||||
Citibank NA, Sharjah, UAE |
0.11 | | ||||||
Deutsche Bank, Brussels, Belgium |
18.24 | 24.38 | ||||||
Deutsche Bank, Frankfurt, Germany |
22.37 | 7.83 | ||||||
Deutsche Bank, Netherlands |
1.69 | 1.05 | ||||||
Deutsche Bank, Paris, France |
2.97 | 1.53 | ||||||
Deutsche Bank, Zurich, Switzerland |
14.69 | 0.35 | ||||||
Fleet Bank (Bank of Boston), Boston, USA |
0.97 | 2.19 | ||||||
Fleet Bank (Summit Bank), New Jersey, USA |
| 2.03 | ||||||
HSBC Bank PLC, Croydon, UK |
38.00 | 36.58 | ||||||
National Bank of Sharjah, UAE |
0.08 | 0.11 | ||||||
Nordbanken, Stockholm, Sweden |
0.41 | 0.41 | ||||||
Nova Scotia Bank, Toronto, Canada |
8.69 | 4.78 | ||||||
Royal bank of Canada, Canada |
10.09 | | ||||||
UFJ Bank, Tokyo, Japan |
2.67 | 7.82 | ||||||
Svenska Handels Bank, Sweden |
4.25 | 0.93 | ||||||
Bank One, Columbus, USA |
| 4.90 | ||||||
The cash and bank balances include interest accrued but not due on fixed deposits amounting to Rs. 7.28 and Rs. 7.56 for the year ended March 31, 2004 and 2003 respectively.
22.2.17. | Loans and advances |
Advances mainly comprises prepaid travel and per-diem expenses and advances to vendors.
Deposits with financial institutions and a body corporate comprise:
As at March 31, | ||||||||
2004 | 2003 | |||||||
Deposits with financial institutions: |
||||||||
Housing Development Finance
Corporation Limited |
201.39 | 151.16 | ||||||
Deposit with body corporate: |
||||||||
GE Capital Services India Limited |
| 151.12 | ||||||
201.39 | 302.28 | |||||||
Interest accrued but not due
(included above) |
1.39 | 2.28 | ||||||
Year ended March 31, | ||||||||
2004 | 2003 | |||||||
Deposits with financial institutions: |
||||||||
Housing Development Finance
Corporation Limited |
201.70 | 151.29 | ||||||
Deposit with body corporate: |
||||||||
GE Capital Services India Limited |
151.82 | 152.02 | ||||||
The financial institutions and the body corporate have superior credit ratings from a premier credit rating agency in the country.
22.2.18. | Fixed assets |
Profit / loss on disposal of fixed assets | ||||||||
Year ended March 31, | ||||||||
2004 | 2003 | |||||||
Profit on disposal of fixed assets |
0.04 | 0.26 | ||||||
Loss on disposal of fixed assets |
| (0.25 | ) | |||||
Profit / (loss) on disposal of fixed assets, net |
0.04 | 0.01 | ||||||
Depreciation charged to the profit and loss account relating to assets costing less than Rs. 5,000/- each
Year ended March 31, | ||||||||
2004 | 2003 | |||||||
Charged during the period / year |
28.61 | 14.25 | ||||||
The company has entered into lease-cum-sale agreements to acquire certain properties. In accordance with the terms of these agreements, the company has the option to purchase the properties on expiry of the lease period. The company has already paid 99% of the value of the properties at the time of entering into the lease-cum-sale agreements. These amounts are disclosed as Land - leasehold under Fixed assets in the financial statements. Additionally, certain land has been purchased for which the company has possession certificate for which sale deeds are yet to be executed as at March 31, 2004.
During the year ended March 31, 2003, the company entered into several arrangements to purchase Intellectual Property Rights (IPR). These primarily included:
| The purchase of IPR in Trade IQ, a
treasury management product, from IQ
Financial Systems Inc., USA (IQFS)
for a consideration of Rs. 16.97 (US
$ 3.47 million). |
|||
| An agreement to purchase IPR in
AUTOLAY, a commercial software
application product, with the
Aeronautical Development Agency,
India (ADA). The company has a firm
commitment to share revenues with ADA
for a maximum of US $ 5 million (Rs.
24.50) payable by 10 years from the
contract date after which the
ownership of intellectual property in
AUTOLAY will transfer to the company. |
|||
| Purchase of a non-exclusive global
license in ILink, a signature display
software, from Integra Microsystems
Private Limited, for Rs. 0.65. |
During the year ended March 31, 2004, management reduced the remaining estimated useful life of the intellectual property in a commercial software application product to three months, effective August 2003, and treasury management product to two months, effective November 2003. The revised estimation represents managements present evaluation of the expected future commercial benefits from these products. The revision has resulted in an increased charge to the profit-and-loss account of Rs. 20.28 in the year ended March 31, 2004.
Financial statements Indian GAAP | 59
Annual Report 2003 04
22.2.19. | Details of investments |
As at March 31, | ||||||||
2004 | 2003 | |||||||
Long-term investments |
||||||||
Yantra Corporation, USA, |
||||||||
20,00,000 (20,00,000) common stock at US $ 0.20
each, fully paid, par value US $ 0.01 each |
1.42 | 1.42 | ||||||
1 (1) Fully paid warrant to purchase 55,00,000
common stock, at US $ 0.19 each,
exercise price of US $ 0.01 each |
3.91 | 3.91 | ||||||
6,36,363 (6,36,363) Series A convertible preferred stock, at US $ 0.75 each,
fully paid, par value US $ 0.01 each |
1.73 | 1.73 | ||||||
CiDRA Corporation, USA |
||||||||
12,752 (33,333) Series D convertible preferred stock at US $ 90 each, fully paid,
par value US $ 0.01 each |
5.11 | 13.40 | ||||||
72,539 (nil) Class A common stock, par value US $ 0.001 each
|
| | ||||||
2,139 (nil) Non voting redeemable preferred stock, par value US $ 0.01 each |
| | ||||||
CyVera Corporation, USA |
||||||||
25,461 (nil), Series A preferred stock par value US $ 0.001 |
| | ||||||
Alpha Thinx Mobile Phone Services AG, Austria |
||||||||
Nil (27,790)
bearer shares at 20 each, fully paid, par value 1 each |
| 2.21 | ||||||
JASDIC Park Company, Japan |
||||||||
Nil (480) common stock at ¥ 50,000 each, fully paid, par value ¥ 50,000 each |
| 0.75 | ||||||
Asia Net Media (BVI) Ltd., the British Virgin Islands |
||||||||
3,00,00,000 (3,00,00,000) ordinary shares at US $ 0.05 each, fully paid, par value US $ 0.01 each |
6.85 | 6.85 | ||||||
OnMobile Systems Inc., (formerly Onscan Inc.) USA |
||||||||
1,00,000 (1,00,000) common stock at US $ 0.4348 each, fully paid, par value US $ 0.001 each |
0.20 | 0.20 | ||||||
1,00,000
(1,00,000) Series A voting convertible preferred stock at US $ 0.4348 each, fully paid, par value US $ 0.001 each |
0.20 | 0.20 | ||||||
44,00,000 (44,00,000) Series A non-voting convertible preferred stock at US $ 0.4348 each, fully paid, par value US $ 0.001 each |
8.55 | 8.55 | ||||||
Stratify Inc. (formerly PurpleYogi Inc.), USA |
||||||||
Nil (2,76,243) Series D convertible preferred stock at US $ 1.81 each fully paid, par value
US $ 0.001 each |
| 2.33 | ||||||
Workadia Inc. USA |
||||||||
Nil (22,00,000) Series B convertible preferred stock at
US $ 1.00 each, fully paid, par value US $ 0.0002 each (adjusted for stock splits) |
| 10.32 | ||||||
Software Services Support Education Center Limited |
||||||||
1 (1) equity share of Rs. 10 each, fully paid, par value Rs. 10 |
| | ||||||
The Saraswat Co-operative Bank Limited, India |
||||||||
1,035 (1,035) equity shares of Rs. 10 each, fully paid, par value Rs. 10 |
| | ||||||
M-Commerce Ventures Pte. Ltd., Singapore |
||||||||
100 (80) ordinary shares of S $ 1 each, fully paid, par value S $ 1 each |
| | ||||||
684 (720) redeemable preference shares of S $ 1 each, fully paid, at a premium of S $ 1,110
per redeemable preferred stock |
2.04 | 2.11 | ||||||
216
(nil) redeemable preference shares of S $ 1 each, fully paid, par value S $ 1 each |
| | ||||||
30.01 | 53.98 | |||||||
As at March 31, | ||||||||
2004 | 2003 | |||||||
Money market mutual funds |
||||||||
Birla Cash Plus Monthly Dividend Payout Plan, India |
||||||||
2,00,00,000 (nil) units of NAV of Rs. 10.0000 each, at cost |
20.00 | | ||||||
2,99,80,213 (nil) units of NAV of Rs. 10.0013 each, at fair value |
29.98 | | ||||||
99,73,868 (nil) units of NAV of Rs. 10.0013 each, at fair value |
9.98 | | ||||||
2,99,65,839 (nil) units of NAV of Rs. 10.0013 each, at fair value |
29.97 | | ||||||
99,83,627 (nil) units of NAV of Rs. 10.0013 each, at fair value |
9.99 | | ||||||
Deutsche Bank Insta Cash Fund |
||||||||
2,46,26,175 (nil) units of NAV of Rs. 10.1518 each, at cost |
25.00 | | ||||||
DSP Merrill Lynch Liquidity Fund, India |
||||||||
2,02,23,638 (nil) units of NAV of Rs. 12.4032 each, at cost |
25.08 | | ||||||
2,01,48,941 (nil) units of NAV of Rs. 12.4071 each, at fair value |
25.00 | | ||||||
Grindlays Cash Fund Institutional Plan, India |
||||||||
4,71,94,744 (nil) units of NAV of Rs. 10.5944 each, at cost |
50.00 | | ||||||
94,07,161 (nil) units of NAV of Rs. 10.6027 each, at fair value |
9.97 | | ||||||
3,77,05,258 (nil) units of NAV of Rs. 10.6027 each, at fair value |
39.98 | |||||||
60 | Financial statements Indian GAAP
Annual Report 2003 04
22.2.19. | Details of investments (contd.) |
As at March 31, | ||||||||
2004 | 2003 | |||||||
HDFC Liquid Fund Premium Plus Plan Dividend, India |
||||||||
1,67,72,754 (nil) units of NAV of Rs. 11.9241 each, at cost |
20.00 | | ||||||
1,67,60,666 (nil) units of NAV of Rs. 11.9327 each, at cost |
20.00 | | ||||||
83,85,182 (nil) units of NAV of Rs. 11.9258 each, at cost |
10.00 | | ||||||
83,61,274 (nil) units of NAV of Rs. 11.9599 each, at cost |
10.00 | | ||||||
20,871,772 (nil) units of NAV of Rs. 11.9779 each, at cost |
25.00 | | ||||||
HSBC Cash Fund, India |
||||||||
2,39,58,064 (nil) units of NAV of Rs. 10.4349 each, at cost |
25.00 | | ||||||
2,39,13,834 (nil) units of NAV of Rs. 10.4416 each, at fair value |
24.97 | | ||||||
JM High Liquidity Fund Institutional Plan Dividend, India |
||||||||
1,99,51,319 (nil) units of NAV of Rs. 10.0226 each, at fair value |
20.00 | | ||||||
1,99,65,260 (nil) units of NAV of Rs. 10.0174 each, at cost |
20.00 | | ||||||
99,79,542 (nil) units of NAV of Rs. 10.0205 each, at cost |
10.00 | | ||||||
99,77,949 (nil) units of NAV of Rs. 10.0221 each, at cost |
10.00 | | ||||||
3,99,02,638 (nil) units of NAV of Rs. 10.0226 each, at fair value |
39.99 | | ||||||
Kotak Mahindra Liquid Institutional Premium Plan, India |
||||||||
4,98,56,409 (nil) units of NAV of Rs. 10.0267 each, at fair value |
49.99 | | ||||||
4,98,55,916 (nil) units of NAV of Rs. 10.0267 each, at fair value |
49.99 | | ||||||
Principal Cash Management Fund, India |
||||||||
2,49,50,598 (nil) units of NAV of Rs. 10.0198 each, at cost |
25.00 | | ||||||
2,99,97,300 (nil) units of NAV of Rs. 10.0009 each, at cost |
30.00 | | ||||||
Prudential ICICI Liquid Plan Institutional Monthly Dividend, India |
||||||||
3,34,49,157 (nil) units of NAV of |