UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

 

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

 

FORM 10-Q

 

(Mark One)

 

ý  QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2006

 

OR

 

o  TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the transition period from                      to

 

Commission file number:  1-16455

 

Reliant Energy, Inc.

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)

 

Delaware

 

76-0655566

(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or
Organization)

 

(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

 

1000 Main Street

Houston, Texas 77002

(Address of Principal Executive Offices) (Zip Code)

 

(713) 497-3000

(Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code)

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

Yes ý  No o

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer.
Large accelerated filer
ý  Accelerated filer o  Non-accelerated filer o

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

Yes o  No ý

 

As of April 30, 2006, the latest practicable date for determination, Reliant Energy, Inc. had 306,644,372 shares of common stock outstanding and no shares of treasury stock.

 

 



 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

Forward-Looking Information

 

 

 

PART I.

 

FINANCIAL INFORMATION

 

 

 

 

ITEM 1.

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

 

Consolidated Statements of Operations (unaudited)

 

 

Three Months Ended March 31, 2006 and 2005

 

 

Consolidated Balance Sheets

 

 

March 31, 2006 (unaudited) and December 31, 2005

 

 

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (unaudited)

 

 

Three Months Ended March 31, 2006 and 2005

 

 

Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Interim Financial Statements

 

 

 

 

ITEM 2.

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

 

 

Business Overview

 

 

Consolidated Results of Operations

 

 

Liquidity and Capital Resources

 

 

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

 

 

New Accounting Pronouncements, Significant Accounting Policies and Critical Accounting Estimates

 

 

 

 

ITEM 3.

QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT NON-TRADING AND TRADING ACTIVITIES AND RELATED MARKET RISKS

 

 

Market Risks and Risk Management

 

 

Non-Trading Market Risks

 

 

Trading Market Risks

 

 

 

 

ITEM 4.

CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

 

 

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

 

 

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

 

 

 

 

PART II.

 

OTHER INFORMATION

 

 

 

 

ITEM 1.

LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

 

 

 

 

ITEM 2.

UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

 

 

 

 

ITEM 6.

EXHIBITS

 

 

i



 

FORWARD-LOOKING INFORMATION

 

Projections, estimates or assumptions about revenues, costs, income, cash flow and other future events are called “forward-looking statements.”  In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by words like “anticipate,” “estimate,” “believe,” “intend,” “may,” “expect” or similar words. Forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance. Actual results may differ from forward-looking statements. Each forward-looking statement speaks only as of its date and we are under no obligation to update these statements. For information about factors that could cause our actual results to differ from forward-looking statements, see “Risk Factors” in Item 1A of Reliant Energy, Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2005 (Form 10-K).

 

ii



 

PART I.
FINANCIAL INFORMATION

 

ITEM 1.            FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

RELIANT ENERGY, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(Thousands of Dollars, Except Per Share Amounts)

(Unaudited)

 

 

 

Three Months Ended March 31,

 

 

 

2006

 

2005

 

Revenues:

 

 

 

 

 

Revenues (including $149,506 and $(145,412) unrealized gains (losses))

 

$

2,452,685

 

$

1,717,317

 

Expenses:

 

 

 

 

 

Purchased power, fuel and cost of gas sold (including $(126,038) and $269,566 unrealized gains (losses))

 

2,250,049

 

1,342,084

 

Operation and maintenance

 

185,555

 

170,548

 

Selling, general and administrative

 

70,740

 

59,259

 

(Gains) losses on sales of assets and emission allowances, net

 

(151,476

)

754

 

Depreciation and amortization

 

80,505

 

108,451

 

Total operating expense

 

2,435,373

 

1,681,096

 

Operating Income

 

17,312

 

36,221

 

Other Income (Expense):

 

 

 

 

 

Income (loss) of equity investments, net

 

326

 

(168

)

Other, net

 

85

 

(58

)

Interest expense

 

(108,162

)

(95,345

)

Interest income

 

9,018

 

5,211

 

Total other expense

 

(98,733

)

(90,360

)

Loss from Continuing Operations Before Income Taxes

 

(81,421

)

(54,139

)

Income tax expense (benefit)

 

57,646

 

(12,683

)

Loss from Continuing Operations

 

(139,067

)

(41,456

)

Income from discontinued operations

 

4,980

 

16,534

 

Loss Before Cumulative Effect of Accounting Change

 

(134,087

)

(24,922

)

Cumulative effect of accounting change, net of tax

 

968

 

 

Net Loss

 

$

(133,119

)

$

(24,922

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Basic and Diluted Earnings (Loss) per Share:

 

 

 

 

 

Loss from continuing operations

 

$

(0.46

)

$

(0.14

)

Income from discontinued operations

 

0.02

 

0.06

 

Loss before cumulative effect of accounting change

 

(0.44

)

(0.08

)

Cumulative effect of accounting change, net of tax

 

 

 

Net loss

 

$

(0.44

)

$

(0.08

)

 

See Notes to our Unaudited Consolidated Interim Financial Statements

 

1



 

RELIANT ENERGY, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(Thousands of Dollars, Except Share and Per Share Amounts)

 

 

 

March 31, 2006

 

December 31, 2005

 

 

 

(Unaudited)

 

 

 

ASSETS

 

 

 

 

 

Current Assets:

 

 

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents

 

$

43,927

 

$

88,397

 

Restricted cash

 

60,645

 

26,906

 

Accounts and notes receivable, principally customer, net of allowance of $27,430 and $34,054

 

1,115,558

 

1,171,673

 

Inventory

 

270,988

 

299,099

 

Derivative assets

 

138,855

 

725,964

 

Margin deposits on energy trading and hedging activities

 

1,595,055

 

1,716,035

 

Accumulated deferred income taxes

 

262,879

 

361,547

 

Prepayments and other current assets

 

140,501

 

137,498

 

Current assets of discontinued operations

 

18,303

 

203,332

 

Total current assets

 

3,646,711

 

4,730,451

 

Property, plant and equipment, gross

 

7,134,043

 

7,112,684

 

Accumulated depreciation

 

(1,250,795

)

(1,178,624

)

Property, Plant and Equipment, net

 

5,883,248

 

5,934,060

 

Other Assets:

 

 

 

 

 

Goodwill

 

386,594

 

386,594

 

Other intangibles, net

 

470,341

 

510,582

 

Derivative assets

 

406,849

 

527,799

 

Prepaid lease

 

268,158

 

259,412

 

Other

 

365,510

 

339,112

 

Long-term assets of discontinued operations

 

 

880,796

 

Total other assets

 

1,897,452

 

2,904,295

 

Total Assets

 

$

11,427,411

 

$

13,568,806

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

LIABILITIES AND EQUITY

 

 

 

 

 

Current Liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

Current portion of long-term debt and short-term borrowings

 

$

490,761

 

$

789,325

 

Accounts payable, principally trade

 

658,411

 

886,965

 

Derivative liabilities

 

727,319

 

1,219,954

 

Margin deposits from customers on energy trading and hedging activities

 

15,000

 

15,588

 

Other

 

435,144

 

397,942

 

Current liabilities of discontinued operations

 

71,296

 

96,456

 

Total current liabilities

 

2,397,931

 

3,406,230

 

Other Liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

Derivative liabilities

 

618,155

 

812,695

 

Other

 

379,038

 

389,083

 

Long-term liabilities of discontinued operations

 

 

779,678

 

Total other liabilities

 

997,193

 

1,981,456

 

Long-term Debt

 

4,319,508

 

4,317,427

 

Commitments and Contingencies

 

 

 

 

 

Temporary Equity Stock-based Compensation

 

2,151

 

 

Stockholders’ Equity:

 

 

 

 

 

Preferred stock; par value $0.001 per share (125,000,000 shares authorized; none outstanding)

 

 

 

Common stock; par value $0.001 per share (2,000,000,000 shares authorized; 306,205,717 and 304,900,193 issued)

 

67

 

66

 

Additional paid-in capital

 

5,879,924

 

5,846,747

 

Retained deficit

 

(1,831,623

)

(1,698,504

)

Accumulated other comprehensive loss

 

(337,740

)

(284,281

)

Accumulated other comprehensive loss of discontinued operations

 

 

(335

)

Total stockholders’ equity

 

3,710,628

 

3,863,693

 

Total Liabilities and Equity

 

$

11,427,411

 

$

13,568,806

 

 

See Notes to our Unaudited Consolidated Interim Financial Statements

 

2



 

RELIANT ENERGY, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Thousands of Dollars)

(Unaudited)

 

 

 

Three Months Ended March 31,

 

 

 

2006

 

2005

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash Flows from Operating Activities:

 

 

 

 

 

Net loss

 

$

(133,119

)

$

(24,922

)

Income from discontinued operations

 

(4,980

)

(16,534

)

Net loss from continuing operations and cumulative effect of accounting change

 

(138,099

)

(41,456

)

Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:

 

 

 

 

 

Cumulative effect of accounting change

 

(968

)

 

Depreciation and amortization

 

80,505

 

108,451

 

Deferred income taxes

 

55,238

 

(10,354

)

Net unrealized gains on energy derivatives

 

(23,468

)

(124,154

)

Amortization of deferred financing costs

 

3,931

 

3,672

 

(Gains) losses on sales of assets and emission allowances, net

 

(151,476

)

754

 

Other, net

 

10,927

 

33,404

 

Changes in other assets and liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

Accounts and notes receivable, net

 

88,805

 

171,560

 

Inventory

 

26,291

 

(2,158

)

Margin deposits on energy trading and hedging activities, net

 

120,392

 

(226,406

)

Net derivative assets and liabilities

 

(50,002

)

82,034

 

Western states and Cornerstone settlement payments

 

(155,102

)

 

Accounts payable

 

(75,817

)

(28,706

)

Other current assets

 

(3,120

)

28,878

 

Other assets

 

(20,653

)

(29,533

)

Taxes payable/receivable

 

134

 

889

 

Other current liabilities

 

(6,543

)

(25,913

)

Other liabilities

 

10,636

 

198

 

Net cash used in continuing operations from operating activities

 

(228,389

)

(58,840

)

Net cash provided by discontinued operations from operating activities

 

7,279

 

35,726

 

Net cash used in operating activities

 

(221,110

)

(23,114

)

Cash Flows from Investing Activities:

 

 

 

 

 

Capital expenditures

 

(21,897

)

(10,131

)

Proceeds from sales of assets, net

 

1,238

 

560

 

Proceeds from sales of emission allowances

 

187,910

 

23,284

 

Purchases of emission allowances

 

 

(39,512

)

Restricted cash

 

(33,739

)

29,548

 

Other, net

 

2,500

 

20

 

Net cash provided by continuing operations from investing activities

 

136,012

 

3,769

 

Net cash provided by (used in) discontinued operations from investing activities

 

967,743

 

(4,341

)

Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities

 

1,103,755

 

(572

)

Cash Flows from Financing Activities:

 

 

 

 

 

Payments of long-term debt

 

(321,372

)

(30,643

)

Increase in short-term borrowings and revolving credit facilities, net

 

27,241

 

58,152

 

Proceeds from issuances of stock

 

5,016

 

6,382

 

Net cash provided by (used in) continuing operations from financing activities

 

(289,115

)

33,891

 

Net cash used in discontinued operations from financing activities

 

(638,000

)

 

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities

 

(927,115

)

33,891

 

Net Change in Cash and Cash Equivalents

 

(44,470

)

10,205

 

Cash and Cash Equivalents at Beginning of Period

 

88,397

 

105,054

 

Cash and Cash Equivalents at End of Period

 

$

43,927

 

$

115,259

 

Supplemental Disclosure of Cash Flow Information:

 

 

 

 

 

Cash Payments:

 

 

 

 

 

Interest paid (net of amounts capitalized) for continuing operations

 

$

95,447

 

$

78,600

 

Income taxes paid (net of income tax refunds received) for continuing operations

 

$

1,195

 

$

(3,638

)

 

See Notes to our Unaudited Consolidated Interim Financial Statements

 

3



 

RELIANT ENERGY, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

 

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

(1)         Background and Basis of Presentation

 

(a)   Background.

 

“Reliant Energy” refers to Reliant Energy, Inc. and “we,” “us” and “our” refer to Reliant Energy, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries. Our business consists primarily of two business segments, retail energy and wholesale energy. See note 12. Our consolidated interim financial statements and notes (interim financial statements) are unaudited, omit certain disclosures and should be read in conjunction with our audited consolidated financial statements and notes in our Form 10-K.

 

(b)   Basis of Presentation.

 

Estimates. Management makes estimates and assumptions to prepare financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAP) that affect:

 

                  the reported amount of assets, liabilities and equity,

 

                  the reported amounts of revenues and expenses and

 

                  our disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements.

 

Adjustments and Reclassifications. The interim financial statements reflect all normal recurring adjustments necessary, in management’s opinion, to present fairly our financial position and results of operations for the reported periods. Amounts reported for interim periods, however, may not be indicative of a full year period due to seasonal fluctuations in demand for electricity and energy services, changes in commodity prices, changes in our “price-to-beat” rate and other regulations, timing of maintenance and other expenditures, dispositions, changes in interest expense and other factors. We have reclassified certain immaterial amounts reported in this Form 10-Q from prior periods to conform to the 2006 presentation. These reclassifications had no impact on reported earnings/losses. See note 13 for discussion of a reclassification between operating and investing cash flows.

 

Changes in Estimates for Retail Energy Sales and Costs. The revenues and the related energy supply costs in our retail energy segment include our estimates of customer usage after consideration of initial usage information provided by the independent system operators and the distribution companies. We revise these estimates and record any changes in the period as information becomes available (collectively referred to as “market usage adjustments”). During the three months ended March 31, 2006 and 2005, we recognized in gross margin (revenues less purchased power, fuel and cost of gas sold) $7 million of income and $15 million of loss, respectively, related to market usage adjustments.

 

(2)         Stock-based Compensation

 

Overview of Plans. The Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors administers our stock-based incentive plans. The Reliant Energy, Inc. 2002 Long-Term Incentive Plan and the Reliant Energy, Inc. 2002 Stock Plan permit us to grant various stock-based incentive awards to officers, key employees and directors. Awards include stock options, restricted stock, performance awards, cash awards and stock awards.

 

Prior to the adoption of the plans, participants received awards under the Long-Term Incentive Plan of Reliant Energy, Inc. or the Reliant Energy, Inc. Transition Stock Plan. Awards under these previous plans are no longer permitted. As of March 31, 2006, 35 million shares are authorized for issuance under our stock-based incentive plans, with no more than 25% of these shares available for grant as awards of restricted stock and non-restricted grants of common stock or units denominated in common stock. We generally issue new shares when stock options are exercised and for the issuance of our other equity-based awards.

 

Summary. Prior to January 1, 2006, we applied the intrinsic value method of accounting for employee stock-based incentive plans (APB No. 25). Effective January 1, 2006, we adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123R, “Share-Based Payment” (SFAS No. 123R) (using the modified prospective method), which requires compensation costs related to share-based transactions to be recognized in the financial statements based on estimated fair values at the grant dates. Our financial statements as of and for the three months ended March 31,

 

4



 

2006 reflect the impact of SFAS No. 123R; however, our financial statements for prior periods have not been restated to reflect, and do not include, the impact of the new standard. Our compensation expense (benefit) for our stock-based incentive plans was $7 million ($5 million after-tax) and $(1) million ($(1) million after-tax) during the three months ended March 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively. We did not capitalize any stock-based compensation costs as an asset during the three months ended March 31, 2006 and 2005.

 

We recorded a cumulative effect of an accounting change of $2 million ($1 million, net of tax of $1 million) during the three months ended March 31, 2006 related to the adoption of SFAS No. 123R for the estimated future forfeitures on the compensation expense previously recognized in our consolidated financial statements for the unvested awards outstanding as of January 1, 2006.

 

By the end of 2006, we will assess the income tax impacts and adopt one of the methods allowed under the transition provisions of SFAS No. 123R to account for excess tax benefits, if any, available to absorb tax deficiencies recognized subsequent to the adoption. During the three months ended March 31, 2006, the accounting change did not impact cash flows from operating and financing activities due to our tax net operating loss carryforwards.

 

Valuation Data. Below is the description of the methods used during the three months ended March 31, 2006 and 2005 to estimate the fair value of our various awards.

 

 

 

Prior to January 1, 2006
(APB No. 25)

 

After January 1, 2006
(SFAS No. 123R)

 

 

 

 

 

Award:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Time-based stock options(1)

 

Intrinsic value on the grant date

 

Black-Scholes option-pricing model value on the grant date

Time-based restricted stock

 

Market price of our common stock on the grant date

 

No change

Time-based cash(1)(2)

 

Market price of our common stock on each reporting measurement date

 

No change

Key employee award program:

 

 

 

 

Performance-based stock(1)

 

Market price of our common stock on each reporting measurement date

 

Market price of our common stock on each reporting measurement date until accounting grant date

Performance-based options(1)

 

Intrinsic value of option on each reporting measurement date

 

Black-Scholes option-pricing model value on each reporting measurement date until accounting grant date

Performance-based cash(1)(2)

 

Market price of our common stock on each reporting measurement date

 

No change

Employee stock purchase plan

 

No compensation expense recorded

 

Black-Scholes option-pricing model value on the first day of the offering period

 


(1)                No awards were granted during the three months ended March 31, 2006 and 2005.

(2)                These are liability-classified awards under SFAS No. 123R.

 

Time-Based Stock Options. We grant time-based stock options to officers, key employees and directors at an exercise price equal to the fair market value of our common stock on the grant date. Generally, options vest 33.33% per year and have a term of 10 years. Beginning January 1, 2006, compensation expense is measured at fair value on the grant date, net of estimated forfeitures, and amortized to expense on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period for the entire award.

 

5



 

Summarized time-based option activity is:

 

 

 

Three Months Ended March 31, 2006

 

 

 

Options

 

Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Beginning of period

 

11,646,667

 

$

15.21

 

Granted

 

 

 

 

Exercised

 

(170,043

)(1)

6.45

 

Forfeited

 

(20,638

)

3.51

 

Expired

 

(70,503

)

16.88

 

End of period

 

11,385,483

 

15.35

 

Weighted average grant date fair value

 

N/A

 

 

 

 


(1)                Received proceeds of $1 million. Intrinsic value was $1 million on the exercise date. No tax benefits are expected to be realized in 2006 due to our tax net operating loss carryforwards.

 

During the three months ended March 31, 2005, we did not grant any time-based options. During the three months ended March 31, 2005, we received proceeds for the exercise of time-based options of $3 million for which the intrinsic value was $2 million. No tax benefits were realized during 2005 due to our tax net operating loss carryforwards.

 

For time-based options outstanding as of March 31, 2006:

 

 

 

Options

 

Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price

 

Weighted
Average Remaining
Contractual
Term (Years)

 

Aggregate Intrinsic
Value

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(in millions)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Outstanding

 

11,385,483

(1)(2)

15.35

 

4.0

 

$

23

 

Exercisable

 

11,096,270

 

15.60

 

3.9

 

21

 

 


(1)                We estimate that none of these will be forfeited.

(2)                As of March 31, 2006, the total compensation cost related to nonvested time-based stock options not yet recognized and the weighted-average period over which it is expected to be recognized is $1 million and 0.5 years, respectively.

 

Time-Based Restricted Stock Awards. We grant time-based restricted stock awards to officers, key employees and directors. In general, these awards vest, subject to the participant’s continued employment, three years from the grant date. Beginning January 1, 2006, compensation expense is measured at fair value on the grant date, net of estimated forfeitures, and amortized to expense on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period.

 

Summarized restricted stock award activity is:

 

 

 

Three Months Ended March 31, 2006

 

 

 

Shares

 

Weighted Average
Grant Date Fair
Value

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Beginning of period

 

1,855,583

 

$

6.96

 

Granted

 

8,592

 

10.37

 

Vested

 

(750,369

)

4.61

 

Forfeited

 

(45,661

)

7.77

 

End of period

 

1,068,145

(1)

8.61

 

 


(1)                We estimate that 143,391 of these will be forfeited.

 

During the three months ended March 31, 2006 and 2005, $8 million and $6 million, respectively, in fair value of our time-based restricted stock vested based on the market price of our common stock on the vesting date. During the three months ended March 31, 2005, the weighted average grant date fair value of time-based restricted stock activity was $13.56. As of March 31, 2006, the total compensation cost related to nonvested time-based

 

6



 

restricted stock awards not yet recognized and the weighted-average period over which it is expected to be recognized is $3 million and 1.2 years, respectively.

 

Time-Based Cash Awards. We grant time-based cash awards (cash units with each cash unit having an equivalent fair market value of one share of our common stock on the vesting date) to officers and key employees. In general, these awards vest, subject to the participant’s continued employment, three years from the grant date. Compensation expense is measured at fair value on each financial reporting measurement date, net of estimated forfeitures, and amortized to expense on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period. We have a liability recorded of $3 million for these time-based cash awards as of March 31, 2006.

 

During the three months ended March 31, 2006 and 2005, no time-based cash awards vested and we did not pay cash for any stock-based liabilities. As of March 31, 2006, the total compensation cost related to nonvested time-based cash awards not yet recognized and the weighted-average period over which it is expected to be recognized is $3 million and 1.5 years, respectively.

 

Performance-Based Awards. We grant performance-based awards to officers and key employees. The number of performance-based awards earned is determined at the end of each performance period. All of the outstanding performance-based awards as of March 31, 2006 are for the 2004-2006 performance period, which is the requisite service period. Beginning January 1, 2006, compensation expense is measured at fair value, net of estimated forfeitures, at each reporting measurement date preceding the grant date for accounting purposes. We have broadly interpreted the criteria for determining if the service inception date precedes the grant date for our performance-based awards under SFAS No. 123R. For our performance-based cash unit awards, we have a liability recorded of $10 million as of March 31, 2006.

 

The Compensation Committee granted the 2004-2006 performance-based awards through the Key Employee Award Program (the Key Employee Program) established under the Reliant Energy, Inc. 2002 Long-Term Incentive Plan. Under the Key Employee Program, each performance-based award represents a targeted award of (a) 16,000 shares of performance-based stock, (b) 68,000 performance-based stock options and (c) 16,000 cash units with each cash unit having an equivalent fair market value of one share of our common stock on the vesting date. The Key Employee Program provides for a payout ranging from 0% to 140% of the targeted award level, as determined by the Compensation Committee in its sole discretion after considering various qualitative and quantitative performance criteria. These criteria include (a) reducing the ratio of our adjusted net debt to adjusted EBITDA to at least 3.5, (b) delivering superior customer value and (c) building a great company to work for, taking into consideration market conditions for each factor. The Compensation Committee has the discretion to weight the various performance objectives as it deems appropriate.

 

Summarized performance-based stock award activity of the Key Employee Program assuming a maximum payout (140%) is:

 

 

 

Three Months Ended March 31, 2006

 

 

 

Shares

 

Reporting
Measurement
Date Fair Value

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Beginning of period

 

1,825,600

 

 

 

Granted

 

 

 

 

Vested

 

 

 

 

Forfeited

 

(22,400

)

 

 

End of period

 

1,803,200

(1)

$

10.58

 

 


(1)                We estimate two awards will be forfeited prior to vesting (32,000 shares of performance-based stock at the target award level).

 

7



 

Summarized performance-based option activity of the Key Employee Program assuming a maximum payout (140%) is:

 

 

 

Three Months Ended March 31, 2006

 

 

 

Options

 

Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price

 

Weighted Average
Remaining
Contractual Term
(Years)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Beginning of period

 

7,758,800

 

$

8.35

 

 

 

Granted

 

 

 

 

 

Exercised

 

 

 

 

 

Forfeited

 

(95,200

)

8.14

 

 

 

Expired

 

 

 

 

 

End of period

 

7,663,600

(1)(2)

8.35

 

7.9

 

Exercisable at end of period

 

 

 

 

 


(1)                We estimate two awards will be forfeited prior to vesting (136,000 shares of performance-based options at the target award level).

(2)                The aggregate intrinsic value is $18 million.

 

During the three months ended March 31, 2005, no performance-based options were granted or exercised.

 

Our option awards under the Key Employee Program are based on the following weighted average assumptions and resulting fair values:

 

 

 

Three Months Ended March 31, 2006

 

 

 

 

 

Expected term in years

 

3.5

 

 

Estimated volatility(1)

 

49.10

%

 

Risk-free interest rate

 

4.82

%

 

Dividend yield

 

0

%

 

Weighted-average fair value

 

$

5.17

 

 

 


(1)                We estimated volatility based on an equal weighting of historical and implied volatility of our common stock.

 

During the three months ended March 31, 2006 and 2005, no performance-based awards vested. As of March 31, 2006, the total compensation cost related to nonvested performance based awards not yet recognized and the weighted-average period over which it is expected to be recognized is $14 million and 0.8 years, respectively.

 

Employee Stock Purchase Plan. We have 18 million shares of authorized common stock reserved and approved for issuance under the Reliant Energy, Inc. Employee Stock Purchase Plan (ESPP). Under the ESPP, substantially all employees can purchase our common stock through payroll deductions of up to 15% of eligible compensation during semiannual offering periods commencing on January 1 and July 1 of each year. The share price paid by participants equals the lesser of 85% of the average market price on the first or last business day of each offering period.

 

Our employee stock purchase plan awards are based on the following weighted average assumptions and resulting fair values:

 

 

 

Three Months Ended March 31,

 

 

 

2006

 

2005(1)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Expected term in years

 

0.5

 

0.5

 

Estimated volatility(2)

 

52.88

%

34.87

%

Risk-free interest rate

 

4.40

%

2.63

%

Dividend yield

 

0

%

0

%

Weighted-average fair value

 

$

3.16

 

$

3.42

 

 


(1)                Because we applied APB No. 25 during 2005, this was only used for pro-forma data.

(2)                We estimated volatility based on the historical volatility of our common stock.

 

8



 

During the three months ended March 31, 2006 and 2005, we issued 359,966 shares and 371,606 shares, respectively, under the ESPP and received $3 million and $3 million, respectively, from the sale of shares from employees. Approximately 11.1 million reserved unissued shares were available under the ESPP as of March 31, 2006.

 

Pro-forma Data for 2005. If employee stock-based compensation costs had been expensed based on the fair value (determined using the Black-Scholes model and market price of our common stock) method of accounting applied to all stock-based awards, our pro forma results would be:

 

 

 

Three Months
Ended March 31,
2005

 

 

 

(in millions, except
per-share amounts)

 

 

 

 

 

Net loss, as reported

 

$

(25

)

Add: Stock-based employee compensation benefit included in reported net loss, net of related tax effects

 

(1

)

Deduct: Total stock-based employee compensation expense determined under fair value based method for all awards, net of related tax effects

 

(5

)

Pro forma net loss

 

$

(31

)

 

 

 

 

Loss per share:

 

 

 

Basic and diluted, as reported

 

$

(0.08

)

Basic and diluted, pro forma

 

$

(0.10

)

 

Classification. Through December 31, 2005, our accruals for our stock-based incentive awards were recorded as liabilities. Beginning January 1, 2006, for equity awards, we reclassified our accrual of $23 million to equity, of which $5 million was classified as temporary equity stock-based compensation based on the redemption amount of the award as of the grant date, and the remainder was classified as additional paid-in capital in stockholders’ equity. Some of our equity stock-based awards provide for the settlement of the award in cash by us pursuant to change of control provisions and we do not believe it is probable these awards will become redeemable.

 

Other. We did not use cash to settle equity instruments granted under stock-based compensation plans during the three months ended March 31, 2006 and 2005. During the three months ended March 31, 2006 and 2005, there were no significant modifications to our outstanding stock-based awards.

 

(3)         Comprehensive Income (Loss)

 

The components of total comprehensive income (loss) are:

 

 

 

Three Months Ended March 31,

 

 

 

2006

 

2005

 

 

 

(in millions)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net loss

 

$

(133

)

$

(25

)

Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:

 

 

 

 

 

Deferred loss from cash flow hedges

 

(96

)

(80

)

Reclassification of net deferred (gain) loss from cash flow hedges realized in net loss

 

42

 

(9

)

Comprehensive loss

 

$

(187

)

$

(114

)

 

(4)         Goodwill

 

2006 Annual Goodwill Impairment Tests. We are in the process of performing our annual goodwill impairment tests for our wholesale energy and retail energy reporting units effective April 1, 2006.

 

Estimation of Our Wholesale Energy Reporting Unit’s Fair Value. We anticipate using substantially the same subjective factors and significant assumptions to estimate fair value in our 2006 test as we used in our September 2005 test. See note 4(a) to our consolidated financial statements in our Form 10-K.

 

9



 

(5)         Derivative Instruments

 

For discussion of our derivative activities, see notes 2(d) and 5 to our consolidated financial statements in our Form 10-K. The income (loss) of our energy and interest rate derivative instruments is:

 

 

 

Three Months Ended March 31,

 

 

 

2006

 

2005

 

 

 

(in millions)

 

Energy derivatives:

 

 

 

 

 

Hedge ineffectiveness

 

$

(49

)

$

7

 

Other net unrealized gains

 

72

 

117

 

Interest rate derivatives:

 

 

 

 

 

Hedge ineffectiveness

 

 

 

Other net unrealized losses

 

(3

)

(4

)

Total(1)(2)

 

$

20

 

$

120

 

 


(1)                No component of the derivatives’ gain or loss was excluded from the assessment of effectiveness.

(2)                During the three months ended March 31, 2006 and 2005, $3 million loss and $0, respectively, were recognized in our results of continuing operations as a result of the discontinuance of cash flow hedges because it was probable that the forecasted transaction would not occur.

 

Our derivative portfolio, excluding cash flow hedges, is $274 million (net liability) and $308 million (net liability) as of March 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005, respectively. Our cash flow hedges are valued at $526 million (net liability) and $471 million (net liability) as of March 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005, respectively.

 

As of March 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005, the maximum length of time we were hedging our exposure to the variability in future cash flows that may result from changes in commodity prices was seven years. As of March 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005, accumulated other comprehensive loss from derivatives was $338 million and $284 million, respectively. As of March 31, 2006, we expect $155 million of accumulated other comprehensive loss to be reclassified into our results of operations during the period from April 1, 2006 to March 31, 2007. However, the actual amount reclassified into earnings could vary from the amounts recorded as of March 31, 2006, due to future changes in market prices.

 

Although we discontinued our proprietary energy trading business in March 2003, we have legacy positions, which will be closed as economically feasible or in accordance with their terms. The margins associated with these transactions are (income (loss)):

 

 

 

Three Months Ended March 31,

 

 

 

2006

 

2005

 

 

 

(in millions)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Revenues

 

$

 

$

 

Purchased power, fuel and cost of gas sold

 

10

 

(16

)

Gross margin

 

$

10

 

$

(16

)

 

10



 

(6)           Debt

 

Our outstanding debt is:

 

 

 

March 31, 2006

 

December 31, 2005

 

 

 

Weighted
Average
Stated
Interest
Rate
(1)

 

Long-term

 

Current

 

Weighted
Average
Stated
Interest
Rate
(1)

 

Long-term

 

Current

 

 

 

(in millions, except interest rates)

 

Banking or Credit Facilities, Bonds and Notes:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Reliant Energy:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Senior secured revolver due 2009

 

7.90

%

$

409

 

$

 

8.40

%

$

383

 

$

 

Senior secured term loans (B1) due 2010(2)

 

7.18

 

223

 

13

 

6.09

 

240

 

313

 

Senior secured term loans (B2) due 2010

 

6.92

 

295

 

3

 

6.91

 

296

 

3

 

Senior secured notes due 2010

 

9.25

 

550

 

 

9.25

 

550

 

 

Senior secured notes due 2013

 

9.50

 

550

 

 

9.50

 

550

 

 

Senior secured notes due 2014

 

6.75

 

750

 

 

6.75

 

750

 

 

Convertible senior subordinated notes due 2010 (unsecured)

 

5.00

 

275

 

 

5.00

 

275

 

 

Subsidiary Obligations:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Orion Power Holdings, Inc. senior notes due 2010 (unsecured)

 

12.00

 

400

 

 

12.00

 

400

 

 

PEDFA(3) fixed-rate bonds for Seward plant due 2036

 

6.75

 

500

 

 

6.75

 

500

 

 

Reliant Energy Channelview LP:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Term loans and revolving working capital facility:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Floating rate debt due 2006 to 2024

 

6.05

 

256

 

15

 

6.04

 

259

 

14

 

Fixed rate debt due 2014 to 2024

 

9.55

 

75

 

 

9.55

 

75

 

 

RE Retail Receivables, LLC facility due 2006

 

5.10

 

 

450

 

4.71

 

 

450

 

Total facilities, bonds and notes

 

 

 

4,283

 

481

 

 

 

4,278

 

780

 

Other:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Adjustment to fair value of debt(4)

 

 

 

36

 

10

 

 

 

39

 

9

 

Total other debt

 

 

 

36

 

10

 

 

 

39

 

9

 

Total debt

 

 

 

$

4,319

 

$

491

 

 

 

$

4,317

 

$

789

 

 


(1)                The weighted average stated interest rates are for borrowings outstanding as of March 31, 2006 or December 31, 2005.

(2)                As of December 31, 2005, we classified $638 million as discontinued operations. See note 14.

(3)                PEDFA is defined as Pennsylvania Economic Development Financing Authority.

(4)                Included in interest expense during the three months ended March 31, 2006 and 2005 is amortization of $2 million and $2 million, respectively, for valuation adjustments for debt.

 

Amounts borrowed and available for borrowing under our senior secured revolver as of March 31, 2006 are:

 

 

 

Total Committed
Credit

 

Drawn
Amount

 

Letters of Credit

 

Unused
Amount

 

 

 

(in millions)

 

Reliant Energy senior secured revolver due 2009

 

$

1,700

 

$

409

 

$

659

 

$

632

 

 

RE Retail Receivables, LLC Facility. We have a receivables facility arrangement to sell an undivided interest in accounts receivable from our retail business to financial institutions on an ongoing basis. The assets of the special purpose subsidiary that purchases the receivables and then resells receivables under the facility are available first and foremost to satisfy the claims of its creditors. The special purpose subsidiary is a separate entity, which we consolidate.

 

(7)         Earnings Per Share

 

For the three months ended March 31, 2006 and 2005, basic and diluted weighted average shares outstanding are 305,631,000 and 300,441,000, respectively.

 

11



 

We excluded the following items from diluted earnings (loss) per common share due to the anti-dilutive effect:

 

 

 

Three Months Ended March 31,

 

 

 

2006

 

2005

 

 

 

(shares in thousands, dollars in millions)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Shares excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings (loss) per share

 

35,505

(1)

37,337

(1)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Shares excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings (loss) per share because the exercise price exceeded the average market price

 

6,585

(2)

4,839

(2)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Interest expense that would be added to income if 5.00% convertible senior subordinated notes were dilutive

 

$

2

 

$

2

 

 


(1)                Potential shares excluded consist of convertible senior subordinated notes, warrants, stock options, restricted stock, performance-based shares and shares related to employee stock purchase plan.

(2)                Includes stock options.

 

(8)   Income Taxes

 

(a)   Tax Rate Reconciliation.

 

A reconciliation of the federal statutory income tax rate to the effective income tax rate is:

 

 

 

Three Months Ended March 31,

 

 

 

2006

 

2005

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Loss from continuing operations before income taxes

 

$

(81

)

$

(54

)

Federal statutory rate

 

35

%

35

%

Income tax benefit at statutory rate

 

(28

)

(19

)

Net addition (reduction) in taxes resulting from:

 

 

 

 

 

Federal tax reserves

 

1

 

1

 

Federal valuation allowance

 

70

 

 

State income taxes, net of federal income taxes

 

13

 

5

 

Other, net

 

2

 

 

Total

 

86

 

6

 

Income tax expense (benefit) from continuing operations

 

$

58

 

$

(13

)

Effective rate

 

Not Meaningful

 

23

%

 

(b)   Valuation Allowances.

 

We assess quarterly our future ability to use federal, state and foreign net operating losses, capital losses and other deferred tax assets.  As the result of our recent history of losses and the increase in our net federal deferred tax assets during the three months ended March 31, 2006, we recorded $70 million in valuation allowances against these tax assets.

 

(c)   Tax Contingencies.

 

Our income tax returns, including years when we were included in CenterPoint Energy, Inc.’s (CenterPoint) consolidated tax group, for the 1997 to 2004 tax reporting periods are under audit by federal and state taxing authorities. These audits may result in additional taxes and interest or revisions of the timing of tax payments. We evaluate the need for contingent tax liabilities on a quarterly basis and record any estimable and probable tax exposures in our results of operations.

 

We have received proposed tax assessments from certain taxing authorities, which are currently at varying stages of appeals. The issues primarily relate to temporary differences and include deductions for plant abandonments, bad debts, capitalization of costs to plant and inventory, depreciable lives and various other matters. It could take several years to resolve these contingencies.

 

As of March 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005, we have accrued contingent federal and state tax reserves related to our continuing operations of $41 million and $46 million, respectively. These reserve balances are

 

12



 

primarily classified in other long-term liabilities. We do not believe these contingencies will be resolved within the next 12 months.

 

As of March 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005, we have accrued contingent federal tax reserves related to our discontinued European energy operations of $11 million included in other long-term liabilities in continuing operations. We reserved these amounts for potential future federal income tax assessments on certain income from our former European subsidiaries. If sustained, these assessments would increase our capital loss carryforwards by $45 million and reduce our tax net operating loss carryforwards by the same amount.

 

We believe that the substantial majority of certain payments and charges are deductible for income tax purposes; however, no assurance can be given that the Internal Revenue Service would not assert, or that a court would not sustain, a contrary position. These payments and/or charges include:

 

                  $177 million to CenterPoint during 2004 related to our residential customers. See note 13(d) to our consolidated financial statements in our Form 10-K.

 

                  $68 million during 2005 to settle the class action lawsuits against us for claims alleging violations of securities laws. See note 13(c) to our consolidated financial statements in our Form 10-K.

 

                  A pre-tax charge of $351 million during 2005 to settle certain civil litigation and claims relating to the Western states energy crisis. See note 13(a) to our consolidated financial statements in our Form 10-K.

 

(9)   Guarantees

 

We have guaranteed certain non-qualified benefits of CenterPoint’s existing retirees at September 20, 2002. The estimated maximum potential amount of future payments under the guarantee was approximately $58 million as of March 31, 2006. We believe the likelihood that we would incur any significant losses under this guarantee is remote and, therefore, have not recorded a liability in our consolidated balance sheet as of March 31, 2006.

 

We also guarantee the $500 million PEDFA bonds, which are included in our consolidated balance sheet as outstanding debt. Our guarantee is secured by a guarantee from all of our subsidiaries that guarantee the December 2004 credit facilities and the collateral that secures our senior secured notes and October 2005 credit facility. The guarantees require us to comply with covenants substantially identical to those in the senior secured notes indentures. The PEDFA bonds will become secured by certain assets of Seward if the collateral supporting both the senior secured notes and our guarantee is released. Our maximum potential obligation under the guarantee is for payment of the principal of $500 million and related interest charges at a fixed rate of 6.75%.

 

We have guaranteed payments to a third party relating to energy sales from El Dorado Energy, LLC, a former investment. The estimated maximum potential amount of future payments under this guarantee is approximately $21 million as of March 31, 2006. We secured a portion of the guarantee with letters of credit. We have not recorded a liability in our consolidated balance sheet for this guarantee.

 

We enter into contracts that include indemnification and guarantee provisions. In general, we enter into contracts with indemnities for matters such as breaches of representations and warranties and covenants contained in the contract and/or against certain specified liabilities. Examples of these contracts include asset sales agreements, retail supply agreements, service agreements and procurement agreements.

 

In our debt agreements, we typically indemnify against liabilities that arise from the preparation, entry into, administration or enforcement of the agreement.

 

We are unable to estimate our maximum potential exposure under these provisions until an event triggering payment under these provisions occurs. Based on current information, we consider the likelihood of making any material payments under these provisions to be remote.

 

(10) Contingencies

 

We are parties to many legal proceedings, some of which involve substantial claim amounts. Unless otherwise noted, we cannot predict the outcome of these proceedings. In this note, we disclose only proceedings that became reportable during the three months ended March 31, 2006 and material developments in previously reported proceedings. For information about previously reported proceedings, see note 12 to our consolidated financial

 

13



 

statements in our Form 10-K, which note (as updated below) is incorporated by reference into, and filed as an exhibit to, this Form 10-Q.

 

Legal Matters.

 

Pending Western States Electricity and Natural Gas Litigation.

 

Criminal Proceeding Reliant Energy Services, Inc. In February 2006, the judge denied the motions to dismiss that were filed by Reliant Energy Services, Inc. and some of its former and current employees in this proceeding.

 

Other Litigation

 

ERISA Action. The class action lawsuit filed in 2002 by participants in our and CenterPoint’s employee benefits plan, which was dismissed by the United States District Court for the Southern District of Texas, is on appeal to the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit. The lawsuit seeks monetary damages and restitution.

 

(11) Supplemental Guarantor Information

 

Our wholly-owned subsidiaries are either (a) full and unconditional guarantors, jointly and severally, or (b) non-guarantors of the senior secured notes.

 

Condensed Consolidating Statements of Operations.

 

 

 

Three Months Ended March 31, 2006

 

 

 

Reliant Energy

 

Guarantors

 

Non-Guarantors

 

Adjustments  (1)

 

Consolidated

 

 

 

(in millions)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Revenues

 

$

 

$

2,488

 

$

350

 

$

(385

)

$

2,453

 

Purchased power, fuel and cost of gas sold

 

 

2,423

 

206

 

(379

)

2,250

 

Operation and maintenance

 

 

93

 

98

 

(6

)

185

 

Selling, general and administrative

 

 

53

 

17

 

 

70

 

(Gain) loss on sales of receivables

 

 

18

 

(18

)

 

 

Gains on sales of assets and emission allowances, net

 

 

(19

)

(132

)

 

(151

)

Depreciation and amortization

 

 

47

 

34

 

 

81

 

Total

 

 

2,615

 

205

 

(385

)

2,435

 

Operating income (loss)

 

 

(127

)

145

 

 

18

 

Income (loss) of equity investments of consolidated subsidiaries

 

(43

)

21

 

 

22

 

 

Interest expense

 

(76

)

(10

)

(22

)

 

(108

)

Interest income

 

 

7

 

2

 

 

9

 

Interest income (expense) – affiliated companies, net

 

55

 

(31

)

(24

)

 

 

Total other expense

 

(64

)

(13

)

(44

)

22

 

(99

)

Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes

 

(64

)

(140

)

101

 

22

 

(81

)

Income tax expense (benefit) (2)

 

64

 

(52

)

46

 

 

58

 

Income (loss) from continuing operations

 

(128

)

(88

)

55

 

22

 

(139

)

Income (loss) from discontinued operations

 

(5

)

(1

)

11

 

 

5

 

Cumulative effect of accounting change, net of tax

 

 

1

 

 

 

1

 

Net income (loss)

 

$

(133

)

$

(88

)

$

66

 

$

22

 

$

(133

)

 

14



 

 

 

Three Months Ended March 31, 2005

 

 

 

Reliant Energy

 

Guarantors

 

Non-Guarantors

 

Adjustments  (1)

 

Consolidated

 

 

 

(in millions)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Revenues

 

$

 

$

1,730

 

$

340

 

$

(353

)

$

1,717

 

Purchased power, fuel and cost of gas sold

 

 

1,506

 

185

 

(349

)

1,342

 

Operation and maintenance

 

 

84

 

91

 

(5

)

170

 

Selling, general and administrative

 

 

37

 

23

 

 

60

 

(Gain) loss on sales of receivables

 

 

11

 

(11

)

 

 

(Gains) losses on sales of assets and emission allowances, net

 

 

(1

)

1

 

1

 

1

 

Depreciation and amortization

 

 

57

 

51

 

 

108

 

Total

 

 

1,694

 

340

 

(353

)

1,681

 

Operating income

 

 

36

 

 

 

36

 

Loss of equity investments of consolidated subsidiaries

 

(4

)

(2

)

 

6

 

 

Interest expense

 

(66

)

(10

)

(19

)

 

(95

)

Interest income

 

 

5

 

 

 

5

 

Interest income (expense) – affiliated companies, net

 

31

 

(11

)

(20

)

 

 

Total other expense

 

(39

)

(18

)

(39

)

6

 

(90

)

Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes

 

(39

)

18

 

(39

)

6

 

(54

)

Income tax expense (benefit)

 

(11

)

12

 

(14

)

 

(13

)

Income (loss) from continuing operations

 

(28

)

6

 

(25

)

6

 

(41

)

Income from discontinued operations

 

3

 

8

 

5

 

 

16

 

Net income (loss)

 

$

(25

)

$

14

 

$

(20

)

$

6

 

$

(25

)

 


(1)                These amounts relate to either (a) eliminations and adjustments recorded in the normal consolidation process or (b) reclassifications recorded due to differences in classifications at the subsidiary levels compared to the consolidated level.

 

(2)                During the three months ended March 31, 2006, we recorded a federal valuation allowance of $70 million related to our net federal deferred tax assets. This amount is reflected in the “Reliant Energy” column. See note 8.

 

15



 

Condensed Consolidating Balance Sheets.

 

 

 

March 31, 2006

 

 

 

Reliant Energy

 

Guarantors

 

Non-Guarantors

 

Adjustments (1)

 

Consolidated

 

 

 

(in millions)

 

ASSETS

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Current Assets:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents

 

$

10

 

$

26

 

$

61

 

$

(53

)

$

44

 

Restricted cash

 

 

 

8

 

53

 

61

 

Accounts and notes receivable, principally customer, net

 

 

342

 

775

 

(1

)

1,116

 

Accounts and notes receivable – affiliated companies

 

914

 

1,298

 

1,039

 

(3,251

)

 

Inventory

 

 

133

 

138

 

 

271

 

Derivative assets

 

 

108

 

31

 

 

139

 

Other current assets

 

 

1,920

 

79

 

(1

)

1,998

 

Current assets of discontinued operations

 

 

16

 

2

 

 

18

 

Total current assets

 

924

 

3,843

 

2,133

 

(3,253

)

3,647

 

Property, Plant and Equipment, net

 

 

3,211

 

2,672

 

 

5,883

 

Other Assets:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Goodwill

 

 

84

 

184

 

119

 

387

 

Other intangibles, net

 

 

149

 

321

 

 

470

 

Notes receivable – affiliated companies

 

2,377

 

770

 

93

 

(3,240

)

 

Equity investments of consolidated subsidiaries

 

3,585

 

383

 

 

(3,968

)

 

Derivative assets

 

 

396

 

11

 

 

407

 

Other long-term assets(2)

 

91

 

361

 

390

 

(209

)

633

 

Total other assets

 

6,053

 

2,143

 

999

 

(7,298

)

1,897

 

Total Assets

 

$

6,977

 

$

9,197

 

$

5,804

 

$

(10,551

)

$

11,427

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

LIABILITIES AND EQUITY

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Current Liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Current portion of long-term debt and short-term borrowings

 

$

16

 

$

 

$

475

 

$

 

$

491

 

Accounts payable, principally trade

 

6

 

611

 

41

 

 

658

 

Accounts and notes payable – affiliated companies

 

 

1,959

 

1,292

 

(3,251

)

 

Derivative liabilities

 

 

655

 

73

 

 

728

 

Other current liabilities

 

47

 

326

 

79

 

(2

)

450

 

Current liabilities of discontinued operations

 

 

15

 

56

 

 

71

 

Total current liabilities

 

69

 

3,566

 

2,016

 

(3,253

)

2,398

 

Other Liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Notes payable – affiliated companies

 

 

2,474

 

766

 

(3,240

)

 

Derivative liabilities

 

 

456

 

162

 

 

618

 

Other long-term liabilities(2)

 

143

 

249

 

196

 

(209

)

379

 

Total other liabilities

 

143

 

3,179

 

1,124

 

(3,449

)

997

 

Long-term Debt

 

3,052

 

500

 

767

 

 

4,319

 

Commitments and Contingencies

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Temporary Equity Stock-based Compensation

 

2

 

 

 

 

2

 

Total Stockholders’ Equity(2)

 

3,711

 

1,952

 

1,897

 

(3,849

)

3,711

 

Total Liabilities and Equity

 

$

6,977

 

$

9,197

 

$

5,804

 

$

(10,551

)

$

11,427

 

 


(1)                These amounts relate to either (a) eliminations and adjustments recorded in the normal consolidation process or (b) reclassifications recorded due to differences in classifications at the subsidiary levels compared to the consolidated level.

(2)     See footnote (2) above under condensed consolidating statements of operations.

 

16



 

 

 

December 31, 2005

 

 

 

Reliant Energy

 

Guarantors

 

Non-Guarantors

 

Adjustments (1)

 

Consolidated

 

 

 

(in millions)

 

ASSETS

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Current Assets:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents

 

$

3

 

$

40

 

$

45

 

$

 

$

88

 

Restricted cash

 

 

 

27

 

 

27

 

Accounts and notes receivable, principally customer, net

 

 

348

 

840

 

(16

)

1,172

 

Accounts and notes receivable – affiliated companies

 

802

 

1,395

 

1,096

 

(3,293

)

 

Inventory

 

 

161

 

138

 

 

299

 

Derivative assets

 

 

639

 

87

 

 

726

 

Other current assets

 

1

 

2,129

 

91

 

(6

)

2,215

 

Current assets of discontinued operations

 

2

 

46

 

157

 

(2

)

203

 

Total current assets

 

808

 

4,758

 

2,481

 

(3,317

)

4,730

 

Property, Plant and Equipment, net

 

 

3,246

 

2,688

 

 

5,934

 

Other Assets:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Goodwill

 

 

84

 

184

 

119

 

387

 

Other intangibles, net

 

 

182

 

329

 

 

511

 

Notes receivable – affiliated companies

 

2,506

 

812

 

2

 

(3,320

)

 

Equity investments of consolidated subsidiaries

 

3,721

 

364

 

 

(4,085

)

 

Derivative assets

 

 

521

 

7

 

 

528

 

Other long-term assets

 

188

 

180

 

380

 

(150

)

598

 

Long-term assets of discontinued operations

 

720

 

 

873

 

(712

)

881

 

Total other assets

 

7,135

 

2,143

 

1,775

 

(8,148

)

2,905

 

Total Assets

 

$

7,943

 

$

10,147

 

$

6,944

 

$

(11,465

)

$

13,569

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

LIABILITIES AND EQUITY

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Current Liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Current portion of long-term debt and short-term borrowings

 

$

316

 

$

 

$

473

 

$

 

$

789

 

Accounts payable, principally trade

 

8

 

848

 

31

 

 

887

 

Accounts and notes payable – affiliated companies

 

 

1,826

 

1,467

 

(3,293

)

 

Derivative liabilities

 

 

1,081

 

139

 

 

1,220

 

Other current liabilities

 

62

 

305

 

69

 

(22

)

414

 

Current liabilities of discontinued operations

 

 

49

 

49

 

(2

)

96

 

Total current liabilities

 

386

 

4,109

 

2,228

 

(3,317

)

3,406

 

Other Liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Notes payable – affiliated companies

 

 

2,512

 

808

 

(3,320

)

 

Derivative liabilities

 

 

657

 

156

 

 

813

 

Other long-term liabilities

 

11

 

262

 

266

 

(150

)

389

 

Long-term liabilities of discontinued operations

 

638

 

 

854

 

(712

)

780

 

Total other liabilities

 

649

 

3,431

 

2,084

 

(4,182

)

1,982

 

Long-term Debt

 

3,044

 

501

 

772

 

 

4,317

 

Commitments and Contingencies

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total Stockholders’ Equity

 

3,864

 

2,106

 

1,860

 

(3,966

)

3,864

 

Total Liabilities and Equity

 

$

7,943

 

$

10,147

 

$

6,944

 

$

(11,465

)

$

13,569

 

 


(1)                These amounts relate to either (a) eliminations and adjustments recorded in the normal consolidation process or (b) reclassifications recorded due to differences in classifications at the subsidiary levels compared to the consolidated level.

 

17



 

Condensed Consolidating Statements of Cash Flows.

 

 

 

Three Months Ended March 31, 2006

 

 

 

Reliant Energy

 

Guarantors

 

Non-Guarantors

 

Adjustments(1)

 

Consolidated

 

 

 

(in millions)

 

Cash Flows from Operating Activities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net cash used in continuing operations from operating activities

 

$

(34

)

$

(178

)

$

(16

)

$

 

$

(228

)

Net cash provided by (used in) discontinued operations from operating activities

 

3

 

(5

)

9

 

 

7

 

Net cash used in operating activities

 

(31

)

(183

)

(7

)

 

(221

)

Cash Flows from Investing Activities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Capital expenditures

 

 

(8

)

(14

)

 

(22

)

Investments in, advances to and from and distributions from subsidiaries, net (2)

 

251

 

2

 

(212

)

(41

)

 

Proceeds from sales of assets, net

 

 

 

1

 

 

1

 

Proceeds from sales of emission allowances

 

 

59

 

129

 

 

188

 

Restricted cash

 

 

 

19

 

(53

)

(34

)

Other, net

 

 

3

 

 

 

3

 

Net cash provided by (used in) continuing operations from investing activities

 

251

 

56

 

(77

)

(94

)

136

 

Net cash provided by discontinued operations from investing activities

 

712

 

 

968

 

(712

)

968

 

Net cash provided by investing activities

 

963

 

56

 

891

 

(806

)

1,104

 

Cash Flows from Financing Activities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Payments of long-term debt

 

(318

)

 

(3

)

 

(321

)

Increase in short-term borrowings and revolving credit facilities, net

 

26

 

 

1

 

 

27

 

Changes in notes with affiliated companies, net (3)

 

 

113

 

(154

)

41

 

 

Proceeds from issuances of stock

 

5

 

 

 

 

5

 

Net cash provided by (used in) continuing operations from financing activities

 

(287

)

113

 

(156

)

41

 

(289

)

Net cash used in discontinued operations from financing activities

 

(638

)

 

(712

)

712

 

(638

)

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities

 

(925

)

113

 

(868

)

753

 

(927

)

Net Change in Cash and Cash Equivalents

 

7

 

(14

)

16

 

(53

)

(44

)

Cash and Cash Equivalents at Beginning of Period

 

3

 

40

 

45

 

 

88

 

Cash and Cash Equivalents at End of Period

 

$

10

 

$

26

 

$

61

 

$

(53

)

$

44

 

 

18



 

 

 

Three Months Ended March 31, 2005

 

 

 

Reliant Energy

 

Guarantors

 

Non-Guarantors

 

Adjustments(1)

 

Consolidated

 

 

 

(in millions)

 

Cash Flows from Operating Activities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net cash provided by (used in) continuing operations from operating activities

 

$

(36

)

$

(84

)

$

61

 

$

 

$

(59

)

Net cash provided by discontinued operations from operating activities

 

3

 

7

 

26

 

 

36

 

Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities

 

(33

)

(77

)

87

 

 

(23

)

Cash Flows from Investing Activities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Capital expenditures

 

 

(8

)

(2

)

 

(10

)

Investments in, advances to and from and distributions from subsidiaries, net (2)

 

(18

)

2

 

(2

)

18

 

 

Net purchases of emission allowances

 

 

(16

)

 

 

(16

)

Restricted cash

 

 

 

30

 

 

30

 

Net cash provided by (used in) continuing operations from investing activities

 

(18

)

(22

)

26

 

18

 

4

 

Net cash provided by (used in) discontinued operations from investing activities

 

22

 

 

(4

)

(22

)

(4

)

Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities

 

4

 

(22

)

22

 

(4

)

 

Cash Flows from Financing Activities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Payments of long-term debt

 

 

(1

)

(30

)

 

(31

)

Increase in short-term borrowings and revolving credit facilities, net

 

8

 

 

50

 

 

58

 

Changes in notes with affiliated companies, net (3)

 

 

91

 

(73

)

(18

)

 

Proceeds from issuances of stock

 

6

 

 

 

 

6

 

Net cash provided by (used in) continuing operations from financing activities

 

14

 

90

 

(53

)

(18

)

33

 

Net cash used in discontinued operations from financing activities

 

 

 

(22

)

22

 

 

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities

 

14

 

90

 

(75

)

4

 

33

 

Net Change in Cash and Cash Equivalents

 

(15

)

(9

)

34

 

 

10

 

Cash and Cash Equivalents at Beginning of Period

 

25

 

33

 

47

 

 

105

 

Cash and Cash Equivalents at End of Period

 

$

10

 

$

24

 

$

81

 

$

 

$

115

 

 


(1)     These amounts relate to either (a) eliminations and adjustments recorded in the normal consolidation process or (b) reclassifications recorded due to differences in classifications at the subsidiary levels compared to the consolidated level.

(2)     Net investments in, advances to and from and distributions from subsidiaries are classified as investing activities.

(3)     Net changes in notes with affiliated companies are classified as financing activities for subsidiaries of Reliant Energy and as investing activities for Reliant Energy.

 

19



 

(12)         Reportable Segments

 

Financial data for our segments are as follows:

 

 

 

Retail
Energy

 

Wholesale Energy

 

Other Operations

 

Eliminations

 

Consolidated

 

 

 

(in millions)

 

Three months ended March 31, 2006 (except as denoted):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Revenues from external customers

 

$

1,687

 

$

765

 

$

1

 

$

 

$

2,453

 

Intersegment revenues

 

 

146

 

 

(146

)

 

Gross margin(1)

 

(7

)

209

 

1

 

 

203

 

Contribution margin(2)

 

(96

)

78

 

1

 

 

(17

)

Total assets as of March 31, 2006

 

2,142

 

9,834

 

580

(3)

(1,129

)

11,427

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Three months ended March 31, 2005 (except as denoted):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Revenues from external customers

 

$

1,304

 

$

412

 

$

1

 

$

 

$

1,717

 

Intersegment revenues

 

 

107

 

 

(107

)

 

Gross margin(1)

 

223

 

151

 

1

 

 

375

 

Contribution margin(2)

 

157

 

19

 

1

 

 

177

 

Total assets as of December 31, 2005

 

2,762

 

9,871

 

1,691

(4)

(755

)

13,569

 

 


(1)     Revenues less purchased power, fuel and cost of gas sold.

(2)     Gross margin less (a) operation and maintenance, (b) selling and marketing and (c) bad debt expense.

(3)     Other operations include discontinued operations of $18 million.

(4)     Other operations include discontinued operations of $1,084 million.

 

 

 

Three Months Ended March 31,

 

 

 

2006

 

2005

 

 

 

(in millions)

 

Reconciliation of Contribution Margin to Operating Income and Operating
Income to Net Loss:

 

 

 

 

 

Contribution margin

 

$

(17

)

$

177

 

Other general and administrative

 

35

 

32

 

(Gains) losses on sales of assets and emission allowances, net

 

(151

)

1

 

Depreciation

 

74

 

99

 

Amortization

 

7

 

9

 

Operating income

 

18

 

36

 

Interest expense

 

(108

)

(95

)

Interest income

 

9

 

5

 

Loss from continuing operations before income taxes

 

(81

)

(54

)

Income tax expense (benefit)

 

58

 

(13

)

Loss from continuing operations

 

(139

)

(41

)

Income from discontinued operations

 

5

 

16

 

Loss before cumulative effect of accounting change

 

(134

)

(25

)

Cumulative effect of accounting change, net of tax

 

1

 

 

Net loss

 

$

(133

)

$

(25

)

 

20



 

(13) Sales of Assets and Emission Allowances

 

Emission Allowances. The sales and purchases of emission allowances are classified as investing activities in the consolidated statements of cash flows. We reclassified net purchases of $16 million for the three months ended March 31, 2005 from operating to investing cash flows. Sales proceeds, net of selling costs, from emission allowances:

 

 

 

Three Months ended March 31,

 

 

 

2006

 

2005

 

 

 

(in millions)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

SO2(1) allowances

 

$

188

(2)

$

19

(3)

NOx(4) allowances

 

 

4

(5)

 

 

$

188

 

$

23

 

 


(1)     SO2 is sulfur dioxide.

(2)     Sold 157,000 tons relating to 2006 through 2009 vintage years.

(3)     Sold 28,000 tons relating to 2005 vintage year.

(4)     NOx is nitrogen oxide.

(5)     Sold 2,000 tons relating to 2005 through 2007 vintage years.

 

Summary of Gains and Losses.

 

 

 

Three Months Ended March 31,

 

 

 

2006

 

2005

 

 

 

(in millions)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Landfill-gas fueled power plants

 

$

 

$

(4

)

Emission allowances

 

151

 

4

 

Other, net

 

 

(1

)

Gains (losses) on sales of assets and emission allowances, net

 

$

151

 

$

(1

)

 

(14) Discontinued Operations

 

(a) New York Plants.

 

General. In February 2006, we closed on the sale of our three remaining New York plants with an aggregate net generating capacity of approximately 2,100 megawatts (MW) for $979 million. During the third quarter of 2005, we began to report the results of the New York plants as discontinued operations. These plants were a part of our wholesale energy segment.

 

Use of Proceeds. We applied $952 million of cash proceeds, which is net of estimated city, state and transfer taxes and transaction costs, to pay down our senior secured term loans.

 

Assumptions Related to Debt, Deferred Financing Costs and Interest Expense on Discontinued Operations. Based on our contractual obligation (at the time the purchase and sale agreement was executed) to utilize a portion of the net proceeds from the sale to prepay debt, we classified $638 million of debt as discontinued operations as of December 31, 2005. See note 6. We also classified as discontinued operations the related deferred financing costs and interest expense on this debt. We allocated $15 million and $10 million of related interest expense during the three months ended March 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively, to discontinued operations.

 

(b)   Ceredo Plant.

 

In 2005, we sold our 505 MW Ceredo power plant for $100 million. We used the net cash proceeds of $100 million to pay down our senior secured term loans. During the third quarter of 2005, we began to report results of Ceredo’s operations as discontinued operations effective January 1, 2005. The plant was a part of our wholesale energy segment.

 

21



 

(c)   All Discontinued Operations.

 

The following summarizes certain financial information of the businesses reported as discontinued operations:

 

 

 

New York
Plants

 

Ceredo
Plant

 

Total

 

 

 

(in millions)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Three months ended March 31, 2006:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Revenues

 

$

112

 

N/A

 

$

112

 

Loss before income tax expense/benefit

 

(2

)

N/A

 

(2

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Three months ended March 31, 2005:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Revenues

 

$

152

 

$

 

$

152

 

Income before income tax expense/benefit

 

27

 

 

27

 

 

The following summarizes the assets and liabilities related to our New York discontinued operations:

 

 

 

March 31, 2006

 

December 31, 2005

 

 

 

(in millions)

 

Current Assets:

 

 

 

 

 

Accounts receivable, net

 

$

2

 

$

51

 

Derivative assets

 

16

(1)

87

 

Other current assets

 

 

65

 

Total current assets

 

18

 

203

 

Property, Plant and Equipment, net

 

 

761

 

Other Assets:

 

 

 

 

 

Other intangibles, net

 

 

69

 

Derivative assets

 

 

43

 

Other

 

 

8

 

Total long-term assets

 

 

881

 

Total Assets

 

$

18

 

$

1,084

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Current Liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

Accounts payable

 

$

 

$

15

 

Taxes payable

 

56

(2)

15

 

Derivative liabilities

 

15

(1)

50

 

Other current liabilities

 

 

16

 

Total current liabilities

 

71

 

96

 

Other Liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

Accumulated deferred income taxes

 

 

120

 

Other liabilities

 

 

22

 

Total other liabilities

 

 

142

 

Long-term Debt

 

 

638

 

Total long-term liabilities

 

 

780

 

Total Liabilities

 

$

71

 

$

876

 

Accumulated other comprehensive loss

 

$

 

$

 

 


(1)     Relates to derivatives to be settled through December 2006.

(2)     Of this amount, approximately $30 million relates to state taxes to be paid, in quarterly payments through December 2006, resulting from the sale.

 

22



 

ITEM 2.  MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

 

The following discussion should be read in conjunction with our Form 10-K.

 

Business Overview

 

We provide electricity and energy services to retail and wholesale customers through two business segments.

 

      Retail energy — provides electricity and energy services to approximately 1.9 million retail electricity customers in Texas, including residential and small business customers and commercial, industrial and governmental/institutional customers. We also serve commercial, industrial and governmental/ institutional customers in the PJM Market, which is primarily Maryland, New Jersey and Pennsylvania.

 

      Wholesale energy — provides electricity and energy services in the competitive wholesale energy markets in the United States. We own and operate or contract for power generation capacity. As of March 31, 2006, we had approximately 16,000 MW of owned or leased generation capacity in operation.

 

Recent Events

 

In this section, we present forward-looking information about recent events that could impact our future results of operations. In addition to the factors described below, a number of other factors could affect our future results of operations, including changes in natural gas prices, plant availability, retail energy customer growth and other factors.

 

We adopted SFAS No. 123R effective January 1, 2006 related to accounting for our stock-based incentive plans. We do not believe that changing from the intrinsic value method to the fair value method will have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements for the future. However, if we change our compensation system to include more stock-based incentive awards, then this change in accounting could have a material impact to our consolidated financial statements. See note 2 to our interim financial statements.

 

As discussed in our Form 10-K, during the first quarter of 2006, we introduced enhanced financial disclosures for each of our segments to allow for a robust analysis of the impacts various factors have on our results of operations. Key earnings drivers for our retail energy segment include the margins received from sales to our retail customers and the volume of megawatt hours sold to our customers. Key earnings drivers for the wholesale energy segment include: (a) the number of hours our generation is potentially economic to operate; (b) the commercial capacity factor of our power plants; (c) unit margins received from our power plants; (d) other margins received, from among other things, capacity payments and ancillary services; and (e) the settlement of our historical hedges relative to current market prices. Information regarding these key earnings drivers for our retail and wholesale energy segments for the first quarter of 2006 and 2005 is included in this Form 10-Q.

 

For additional information regarding factors that could have an impact on our future results of operations, see “Risk Factors” in Item 1A of our Form 10-K.

 

23



 

Consolidated Results of Operations

 

Three Months Ended March 31, 2006 Compared to Three Months Ended March 31, 2005

 

We reported $133 million consolidated net loss, or $0.44 loss per share, for the three months ended March 31, 2006 compared to $25 million consolidated net loss, or $0.08 loss per share, for the same period in 2005.

 

 

 

Three Months Ended March 31,

 

 

 

2006

 

2005

 

Change

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Retail energy contribution margin

 

$

(96

)

$

157

 

$

(253

)

Wholesale energy contribution margin

 

78

 

19

 

59

 

Corporate contribution margin

 

1

 

1

 

 

Other general and administrative

 

(35

)

(32

)

(3

)

Gains (losses) on sales of assets and emission allowances, net

 

151

 

(1

)

152

 

Depreciation and amortization

 

(81

)

(108

)

27

 

Interest expense

 

(108

)

(95

)

(13

)

Interest income

 

9

 

5

 

4

 

Income taxes

 

(58

)

13

 

(71

)

Loss from continuing operations

 

(139

)

(41

)

(98

)

Discontinued operations

 

5

 

16

 

(11

)

Cumulative effect of accounting change, net of tax

 

1

 

 

1

 

Net loss

 

$

(133

)

$

(25

)

$

(108

)

 

Retail Energy Segment Summary. Our retail energy segment’s contribution margin was $(96) million during the three months ended March 31, 2006, compared to $157 million in the same period of 2005. The $253 million decrease in contribution margin was primarily due to the net change in unrealized gains/losses on energy derivatives of $217 million. In addition, gross margin, excluding unrealized gains/losses, decreased $13 million. See below for explanation.

 

Retail Energy Operational Data.

 

 

 

Three Months Ended March 31,

 

 

 

2006

 

2005

 

 

 

(gigawatt hours)

 

Electricity Sales to End-Use Retail Customers:

 

 

 

 

 

Mass:

 

 

 

 

 

Residential:

 

 

 

 

 

Houston

 

2,913

 

3,312

 

Non-Houston

 

1,547

 

1,166

 

Small Business:

 

 

 

 

 

Houston

 

697

 

847

(1)

Non-Houston

 

296

 

135

(1)

Total Mass

 

5,453

 

5,460

 

Commercial and Industrial:

 

 

 

 

 

ERCOT(2)(3)

 

7,496

 

8,192

(1)

Non-ERCOT

 

1,588

 

1,208

 

Total Commercial and Industrial

 

9,084

 

9,400

 

Market usage adjustments(4)

 

7

 

(221

)

Total

 

14,544

 

14,639

 

 


(1)     Beginning in the first quarter of 2006, we recategorized financial and operational data for customers with a peak demand between 250 kilowatts and one MW from small business within mass to commercial and industrial. The 2005 data is presented on a comparable basis.

(2)     These volumes include customers of the General Land Office for whom we provide services.

(3)     ERCOT is defined as the Electric Reliability Council of Texas.

(4)     See note 1 to our interim financial statements.

 

24



 

 

 

Three Months Ended March 31,

 

 

 

2006

 

2005

 

 

 

(in thousands, metered locations)

 

Weighted Average Retail Customer Count:

 

 

 

 

 

Mass:

 

 

 

 

 

Residential:

 

 

 

 

 

Houston

 

1,212

 

1,302

 

Non-Houston

 

472

 

344

 

Small Business:

 

 

 

 

 

Houston

 

136

 

142

(1)

Non-Houston

 

28

 

14

(1)

Total Mass

 

1,848

 

1,802

 

Commercial and Industrial:

 

 

 

 

 

ERCOT(2)

 

72

 

73

(1)

Non-ERCOT

 

2

 

1

 

Total Commercial and Industrial

 

74

 

74

 

Total

 

1,922

 

1,876

 

 


(1)     Beginning in the first quarter of 2006, we recategorized financial and operational data for customers with a peak demand between 250 kilowatts and one MW from small business within mass to commercial and industrial. The 2005 data is presented on a comparable basis.

(2)     Includes customers of the General Land Office for whom we provide services.

 

 

 

March 31, 2006

 

December 31, 2005

 

 

 

(in thousands, metered locations)

 

Retail Customers:

 

 

 

 

 

Mass:

 

 

 

 

 

Residential:

 

 

 

 

 

Houston

 

1,211

 

1,213

 

Non-Houston

 

483

 

462

 

Small Business:

 

 

 

 

 

Houston

 

136

 

137

(1)

Non-Houston

 

27

 

29

(1)

Total Mass

 

1,857

 

1,841

 

Commercial and Industrial:

 

 

 

 

 

ERCOT(2)

 

75

 

70

(1)

Non-ERCOT

 

2

 

2

 

Total Commercial and Industrial

 

77

 

72

 

Total

 

1,934

 

1,913

 

 


(1)     Beginning in the first quarter of 2006, we recategorized financial and operational data for customers with a peak demand between 250 kilowatts and one MW from small business within mass to commercial and industrial. The 2005 data is presented on a comparable basis.

(2)     Includes customers of the General Land Office for whom we provide services.

 

25



 

Retail Energy Revenues.

 

 

 

Three Months Ended March 31,

 

 

 

2006

 

2005

 

Change

 

 

 

(in millions)

 

Retail energy revenues from end-use retail customers:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Mass:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Residential:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Houston

 

$

450

 

$

383

 

$

67

(1)

Non-Houston

 

196

 

114

 

82

(2)

Small Business:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Houston

 

107

 

96

(3)

11

(4)

Non-Houston

 

41

 

15

(3)

26

(5)

Total Mass

 

794

 

608

 

186

 

Commercial and Industrial:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ERCOT

 

691

 

570

(3)

121

(6)

Non-ERCOT

 

109

 

70

 

39

(7)

Total Commercial and Industrial

 

800

 

640

 

160

 

Total

 

1,594

 

1,248

 

346

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Retail energy revenues from resales of purchased power and other hedging activities

 

85

 

82

 

3

 

Market usage adjustments

 

8

 

(26

)

34

(8)

Total retail energy revenues

 

$

1,687

 

$

1,304

 

$

383

 

 


(1)     Increase primarily due to increases in sales prices to customers due to increases in the price of natural gas partially offset by lower volumes due to fewer customers and milder weather.

(2)     Increase primarily due to (a) increases in sales prices to customers due to increases in the price of natural gas and (b) increased volumes due to increased customers.

(3)     Beginning in the first quarter of 2006, we recategorized financial and operational data for customers with a peak demand between 250 kilowatts and one MW from small business within mass to commercial and industrial. The 2005 data is presented on a comparable basis.

(4)     Increase primarily due to increases in sales prices to customers due to increases in the price of natural gas partially offset by lower volumes due to fewer customers.

(5)     Increase primarily due to (a) increased volumes due to increased customers and (b) increases in sales prices to customers due to increases in the price of natural gas.

(6)     Increase primarily due to (a) fixed price contracts renewed at higher rates due to higher prices of natural gas and (b) variable rate contracts, which are tied to the market price of natural gas. These increases were partially offset by decreased volumes.

(7)   Increase primarily due to (a) increased volumes due to increased customers and (b) increases in sales prices to customers due to increases in the price of natural gas.

(8)   See footnote (4) under “Three Months Ended March 31, 2006 Compared to Three Months Ended March 31, 2005 — Retail Energy Contribution Margin.”

 

Retail Energy Purchased Power.

 

 

 

Three Months Ended March 31,

 

 

 

2006

 

2005

 

Change

 

 

 

(in millions)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Costs of purchased power

 

$

1,483

 

$

1,138

 

$

345

(1)

Retail energy intersegments costs

 

146

 

107

 

39

(2)

Market usage adjustments

 

1

 

(11

)

12

(3)

Unrealized (gains) losses

 

64

 

(153

)

217

(4)

Total retail energy purchased power

 

$

1,694

 

$

1,081

 

$

613

 

 


(1)     Increase primarily due to (a) increases in the price of purchased power due to higher market prices of electricity primarily driven by higher natural gas prices due to hurricanes in the third quarter of 2005, (b) increased cost of transmission and distribution losses in ERCOT and (c) higher other supply costs. These increases were partially offset by (a) terminated commodity contracts with a counterparty and (b) lower volumes.

(2)     Increase primarily due to higher volumes due to more sales in PJM.

(3)     See footnote (4) under “Three Months Ended March 31, 2006 Compared to Three Months Ended March 31, 2005 — Retail Energy Contribution Margin.”

(4)     See footnote (5) under “Three Months Ended March 31, 2006 Compared to Three Months Ended March 31, 2005 — Retail Energy Contribution Margin.”

 

In analyzing the results of our retail energy segment, we use the non-GAAP financial measure “total retail energy gross margin, excluding unrealized gains/losses,” which excludes unrealized gains/losses on energy

 

26



 

derivatives as described below. We use this measure in addition to, and in conjunction with, contribution margin and retail energy gross margin in order to analyze the results of the retail energy segment. Retail energy gross margin, excluding unrealized gains/losses should not be relied upon to the exclusion of GAAP financial measures. The item that is excluded from this measure has a recurring effect on our earnings and reflects aspects of our business that are not taken into account by the measure retail energy gross margin, excluding unrealized gains/losses. We compensate for the limitations of the measure retail energy gross margin, excluding unrealized gains/losses by also using and analyzing GAAP measures to understand our business. We strongly encourage investors to review our consolidated financial statements and publicly filed reports in their entirety and not to rely on any single financial measure. Non-GAAP financial measures are not standardized; therefore, it may not be possible to compare these financial measures with other companies’ non-GAAP financial measures having the same or similar names.

 

Unrealized Gains/Losses on Energy Derivatives. We use derivative instruments to manage operational or market constraints, to increase the return on our generation assets and to execute our retail energy segment’s supply procurement strategy. Some derivative instruments receive mark-to-market accounting treatment, which requires us to record gains/losses related to future periods based on current changes in forward commodity prices. We refer to these gains and losses prior to settlement, as well as ineffectiveness on cash flow hedges, as “unrealized gains/losses on energy derivatives.”  In some cases, the related underlying transactions being hedged receive accrual accounting treatment, resulting in a mismatch of accounting treatments. Since the application of mark-to-market accounting has the effect of pulling forward into current periods non-cash gains/losses relating to future delivery periods, analysis of results of operations from one period to another can be difficult. Accordingly, we believe that excluding these unrealized gains/losses (a) is useful to us, investors, analysts and others in facilitating the analysis of our results of operations from one period to another and (b) provides a more meaningful representation of our economic performance in the reporting period. These gains/losses are also not a function of the operating performance of our generation assets, and excluding their impact helps isolate the operating performance of our generation assets under prevailing market conditions.

 

Retail Energy Contribution Margin.

 

 

 

Three Months Ended March 31,

 

 

 

2006

 

2005

 

Change

 

 

 

(in millions)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Mass gross margin

 

$

30

 

$

85

(1)

$

(55

)(2)

Commercial and industrial gross margin

 

20

 

(1)

20

(3)

Market usage adjustments

 

7

 

(15

)

22

(4)

Total retail energy gross margin, excluding unrealized gains (losses)

 

57

 

70

 

(13

)

Unrealized gains (losses)

 

(64

)

153

 

(217

)(5)

Total retail energy gross margin

 

(7

)

223

 

(230

)

Operation and maintenance

 

51

 

38

 

13

(6)

Selling and marketing expense

 

24

 

19

 

5

 

Bad debt expense

 

14

 

9

 

5

 

Total retail energy contribution margin

 

$

(96

)

$

157

 

$

(253

)

 


(1)     Beginning in the first quarter of 2006, we recategorized financial and operational data for customers with a peak demand between 250 kilowatts and one MW from small business within mass to commercial and industrial. The 2005 data is presented on a comparable basis.

(2)     Excluding $23 million realized income during 2006 from terminated commodity contracts with a counterparty, the decrease is primarily due to 92% decrease in unit margins as the increase in supply costs were not recovered through “price-to-beat” revenue rates due to (a) entering into hedges for the expected load during a period of high and volatile natural gas prices in the fourth quarter of 2005 and (b) phase-in of our “price-to-beat” rate increase.

(3)     Excluding $30 million realized income during 2006 from terminated commodity contracts with a counterparty, unit margins decreased $1.03/MWh due to increased costs of transmission and distribution losses in ERCOT and other supply costs.

(4)     See note 1 to our interim financial statements.

(5)     Decrease primarily due to (a) $279 million in losses resulting from the impact of natural gas and power prices on our forward short gas and forward long power positions held during 2006 as compared to 2005, (b) $51 million loss due to the reversal of previously recognized unrealized gains resulting from the termination of commodity contracts with a counterparty and (c) $47 million decrease due to cash flow and economic hedge ineffectiveness during 2006 as compared to 2005. These decreases were partially offset by $160 million reversal of previously recognized unrealized losses resulting from the settlement of positions during 2006 when compared to the same period in 2005.

(6)     Increase primarily due to gross receipts tax of $9 million due to higher billings.

 

27



 

Wholesale Energy Segment Summary. Our wholesale energy segment’s contribution margin was $78 million during the three months ended March 31, 2006, compared to $19 million in the same period of 2005. The $59 million increase in contribution margin was primarily due to $116 million change in unrealized gains/losses on energy derivatives. In addition, gross margin, excluding unrealized gains/losses on energy derivatives and excluding our historical wholesale hedges ($90 million), increased $32 million. See below for explanation.

 

Wholesale Energy Operational and Financial Data.

 

 

 

Three Months Ended March 31,

 

 

 

2006

 

2005

 

 

 

GWh

 

% Economic(1)

 

GWh

 

% Economic(1)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Economic Generation(2):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

PJM Coal

 

5,807.3

 

70

%

5,435.6

 

60

%

MISO Coal

 

1,292.7

 

45

%

1,795.8

 

58

%

PJM/MISO Gas

 

86.6

 

0

%

156.1

 

1

%

West

 

939.0

 

13

%

145.1

 

3

%

Other

 

1,304.3

 

74

%

1,337.0

 

54

%

Total

 

9,429.9

 

32

%

8,869.6

 

28

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Commercial Capacity Factor(3):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

PJM Coal

 

87

%

 

 

76

%

 

 

MISO Coal

 

95

%

 

 

90

%

 

 

PJM/MISO Gas

 

1

%

 

 

56

%

 

 

West

 

98

%

 

 

100

%

 

 

Other

 

94

%

 

 

94

%

 

 

Total

 

89

%

 

 

81

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Generation Volume(4):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

PJM Coal

 

5,030.6

 

 

 

4,123.0

 

 

 

MISO Coal

 

1,225.9

 

 

 

1,620.5

 

 

 

PJM/MISO Gas

 

0.7

 

 

 

86.7

 

 

 

West

 

924.1

 

 

 

145.1

 

 

 

Other

 

1,220.0

 

 

 

1,251.1

 

 

 

Total

 

8,401.3

 

 

 

7,226.4

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Unit Margin ($/MWh)(5):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

PJM Coal

 

$

27.48

 

 

 

$

20.36

 

 

 

MISO Coal

 

23.24

 

 

 

21.52

 

 

 

PJM/MISO Gas

 

 

 

 

98.50

 

 

 

West

 

0.78

 

 

 

(4.56

)

 

 

Other

 

(0.74

)

 

 

4.29

 

 

 

Total weighted average

 

$

19.80

 

 

 

$

18.27

 

 

 

 


(1)     The percent economic represents generation volume divided by maximum generation at 100% plant availability.

(2)     Economic generation is estimated generation at 100% plant availability based on an hourly analysis of when it is economical to generate based on the price of power, fuel, emission allowances and variable operating costs.

(3)     Commercial capacity factor is the generation volume divided by the economic generation.

(4)     Excludes generation volume related to power purchase agreements, which includes tolling agreements.

(5)     Represents open energy gross margin divided by generation volume.

 

28



 

Wholesale Energy Revenues.

 

 

 

Three Months Ended March 31,

 

 

 

2006

 

2005

 

Change

 

 

 

(in millions)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Wholesale energy third-party revenues

 

$

616

 

$

557

 

$

59

(1)

Wholesale energy intersegment revenues

 

146

 

107

 

39

(2)

Unrealized gains (losses)

 

149

 

(145

)

294

(3)

Total wholesale energy revenues

 

$

911

 

$

519

 

$

392

 

 


(1)     Increase primarily due to (a) increase in natural gas and power sales volumes and (b) increase in natural gas prices. These increases were partially offset by a decrease in power sales prices.

(2)     Increase primarily due to higher volumes due to more retail energy segment sales in PJM.

(3)     See footnote (6) under “Three Months Ended March 31, 2006 Compared to Three Months Ended March 31, 2005 — Wholesale Energy Contribution Margin.”

 

Wholesale Energy Purchased Power, Fuel and Cost of Gas Sold.

 

 

 

Three Months Ended March 31,

 

 

 

2006

 

2005

 

Change

 

 

 

(in millions)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Wholesale energy third-party costs

 

$

640

 

$

484

 

$

156

(1)

Unrealized (gains) losses

 

62

 

(116

)

178

(2)

Total wholesale energy

 

$

702

 

$

368

 

$

334

 

 


(1)     Increase primarily due to (a) higher prices of natural gas and coal and (b) increases in volumes of natural gas and purchased power.

(2)     See footnote (6) under “Three Months Ended March 31, 2006 Compared to Three Months Ended March 31, 2005 — Wholesale Energy Contribution Margin.”

 

In analyzing the results of our wholesale energy segment, we use the non-GAAP financial measures “open energy gross margin” and “open wholesale gross margin,” which exclude the items below. We use these measures in addition to, and in conjunction with, contribution margin and wholesale energy gross margin in order to analyze the results of the wholesale energy segment. Open energy gross margin and open wholesale gross margin should not be relied upon to the exclusion of GAAP financial measures. The items that are excluded from open energy gross margin and open wholesale gross margin have or have had a recurring effect on our earnings and reflect aspects of our business that are not taken into account by these measures. We compensate for the limitations of the measures open energy gross margin and open wholesale gross margin by also using and analyzing GAAP measures to understand our business.

 

Unrealized Gains/Losses on Energy Derivatives. See above under Retail Energy.

 

Historical Wholesale Hedges. We exclude the effect of certain historical, although recurring until the contracts terminate, wholesale hedges that were entered into in order to hedge the economics of our wholesale operations. See footnote (4) below. In light of our decision in February 2006 to substantially reduce new hedges of our generation, we believe that it is useful to us, investors, analysts and others to show our results in the absence of these hedges because the impact of these historical hedges on our financial results is not a function of the operating performance of our generation assets, and excluding the impact helps isolate the operating performance of our generation assets under prevailing market conditions.

 

Changes in California-Related Receivables and Reserves. We excluded the impact of changes in receivables and reserves relating to energy sales in California from October 2000 through June 2001. We reached a settlement during the third quarter of 2005. Because of the market conditions and regulatory events that underlie the changes in receivables and reserves, we believe that excluding this item (a) is useful to us, investors, analysts and others in facilitating the analysis of our results of operations from one period to another and (b) provides a more meaningful representation of our results of operations on an ongoing basis. For additional information, see note 13 to our consolidated financial statements in our Form 10-K.

 

29



 

Wholesale Energy Contribution Margin.

 

 

 

Three Months Ended March 31,

 

 

 

2006

 

2005

 

Change

 

 

 

(in millions)

 

Open energy gross margin(1):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

PJM Coal

 

$

138

 

$

84

 

$

54

(2)

MISO Coal

 

28

 

35

 

(7

)

PJM/MISO Gas

 

 

9

 

(9

)

West

 

1

 

(1

)

2

 

Other

 

(1

)

5

 

(6

)

Total

 

166

 

132

 

34

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Other margin(3):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

PJM Coal

 

10

 

11

 

(1

)

MISO Coal

 

2

 

1

 

1

 

PJM/MISO Gas

 

3

 

3

 

 

West

 

37

 

39

 

(2

)

Other

 

24

 

25

 

(1

)

Total

 

76

 

79

 

(3

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total open wholesale gross margin

 

242

 

211

 

31

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Historical wholesale hedges(4)

 

(120

)

(30

)

(90

)(5)

Net unrealized gains (losses) on energy derivatives

 

87

 

(29

)

116

(6)

Changes in California-related receivables and reserves

 

 

(1

)

1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Wholesale energy gross margin

 

209

 

151

 

58

 

Operation and maintenance

 

134

 

132

 

2

(7)

Bad debt expense

 

(3

)

 

(3

)

Total wholesale energy contribution margin

 

$

78

 

$

19

 

$

59

 

 


(1)     Open energy gross margin is a model-derived number based on generation volume assuming (a) it had been sold at day-ahead power prices in the case of coal-fired generation and real-time power prices in the case of natural gas-fired generation and (b) it had been purchased at delivered spot fuel prices, each without regard to the effect of our historical wholesale hedges or prices actually paid or received.

(2)     Increase primarily due to (a) higher unit margins (higher power prices and lower coal costs), (b) full capacity at Seward in 2006 versus partial capacity in 2005 and (c) increased commercial capacity factor driven by lower planned and unplanned outages.

(3)     Other margin represents power purchase agreements, capacity payments and ancillary revenues. In addition, other margin includes settlement of forward power and fuel sales and purchases for the West region.

(4)     Historical wholesale hedges were entered into to primarily hedge the economics of our wholesale operations. These amounts primarily relate to settlements of forward power and fuel hedges, long-term tolling purchases, long-term natural gas transportation contracts, storage contracts and our legacy energy trading. These amounts are derived based on methodology consistent with the calculation of open energy gross margin above.

(5)     Increased loss primarily due to (a) $61 million impact of unwinding PJM power sales hedges in the fourth quarter of 2005, (b) $39 million due to increases in coal contract prices combined with slightly lower market prices and (c) $10 million due to losses on remaining power hedges as a result of an increase in market prices. These losses were partially offset by $23 million due to increased sales of natural gas inventory.

(6)     Increase primarily due to (a) $72 million higher unrealized gains in 2006 as compared to 2005 on positions entered into to hedge the economics of our business operations, which receive mark-to-market accounting treatment, (b) $19 million reversal of previously recognized unrealized losses resulting from the settlement of positions during 2006 when compared to the same period in 2005 and (c) $25 million gain due to changes in cash flow and economic hedge ineffectiveness as compared to 2005.

(7)   Increase primarily due to (a) $8 million increase in taxes other than income and (b) $3 million increase in plant support costs. These increases were partially offset by (a) $6 million decrease in planned power generation maintenance projects and outages and (b) $4 million decrease in salaries and benefits, excluding plant personnel.

 

Other General and Administrative. Other general and administrative expenses did not change significantly.

 

(Gains) Losses on Sales of Assets and Emission Allowances, Net. See note 13 to our interim financial statements.

 

30



 

Depreciation and Amortization.

 

Net accelerated depreciation on certain facilities due to early retirements

 

$

(15

)

Information system assets fully depreciated

 

(6

)

Decrease in amortization of emission allowances

 

(2

)(1)

Other, net

 

(4

)

Net decrease in expense

 

$

(27

)

 


(1)     Amortization of emission allowances was $6 million during the three months ended March 31, 2006 compared to $8 million for the same period during 2005.

 

Income (Loss) of Equity Investments, Net. Income (loss) of equity investments did not change significantly.

 

Interest Expense.

 

Higher interest rates

 

$

3

 

Increase in outstanding debt

 

11

 

Other, net

 

(1

)

Net increase in expense

 

$

13

 

 

Interest Income. Interest income increased by $4 million primarily due to net margin deposits.

 

Income Tax Expense (Benefit). See note 8 to our interim financial statements.

 

Discontinued Operations. See note 14 to our interim financial statements.

 

Liquidity and Capital Resources

 

During the three months ended March 31, 2006, we used $228 million in operating cash flows from continuing operations. Excluding the changes in margin deposits of $120 million and $155 million in payments relating to the western states and Cornerstone settlements (see notes 12 and 13 to our consolidated financial statements in our Form 10-K), we used $193 million in operating cash flows from continuing operations. In addition, we received $188 million of net proceeds from sales of emission allowances.

 

In February and March 2006, we used net proceeds of $952 million relating to the sale of our New York plants to pay down debt. See note 14 to our interim financial statements.

 

As of April 28, 2006, we had total collateral postings of $2.2 billion, which is a $400 million decrease from December 31, 2005 due primarily to the liquidation of certain hedges and a decrease in accounts payable. As of April 28, 2006, additional postings of $185 million could have been required by counterparties.

 

As of April 28, 2006, we had total available liquidity of $667 million, comprised of $621 million in unused borrowing capacity under our senior secured revolver and $46 million of cash and cash equivalents.

 

See “Risk Factors” in Item 1A and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Liquidity and Capital Resources” in Item 7 of our Form 10-K.

 

31



 

Credit Risk

 

By extending credit to our counterparties, we are exposed to credit risk. As of March 31, 2006, our derivative assets and accounts receivable from our wholesale energy and ERCOT power supply counterparties, after taking into consideration netting within each contract and any master netting contracts with counterparties, are:

 

Credit Rating Equivalent

 

Exposure
Before Collateral(1)

 

Credit
Collateral
Held

 

Exposure
Net of Collateral

 

Number of Counterparties
>10%

 

Net Exposure of
Counterparties
>10%

 

 

 

(dollars in millions)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Investment grade

 

$

219

 

$

27

 

$

192

 

 

$

 

Non-investment grade

 

660

 

 

660

 

2

 

648

 

No external ratings:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Internally rated – Investment grade

 

309

 

 

309

 

1

 

158

 

Internally rated – Non-investment grade

 

13

 

 

13

 

 

 

Total

 

$

1,201

 

$

27

 

$

1,174

 

3

 

$

806

 

 


(1)     The table excludes amounts related to contracts classified as “normal purchases and sales” and non-derivative contractual commitments that are not recorded in our consolidated balance sheets, except for any related accounts receivable. Such contractual commitments contain credit and economic risk if a counterparty does not perform. Nonperformance could have a material adverse impact on our future results of operations, financial condition and cash flows.

 

As of March 31, 2006, two non-investment grade counterparties and one investment grade counterparty represented 55% ($648 million) and 14% ($158 million), respectively, of our credit exposure, net of collateral. As of December 31, 2005, two non-investment grade counterparties and one investment grade counterparty represented 59% ($918 million) and 12% ($183 million), respectively, of our credit exposure, net of collateral. Since December 31, 2005, our credit exposure to non-investment grade counterparties decreased primarily due to changes in commodity prices and the settlement of certain contracts. There were no other counterparties representing greater than 10% of our net credit exposure.

 

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

 

As of March 31, 2006, we have no off-balance sheet arrangements.

 

32



 

Historical Cash Flows

 

Cash Flows — Operating Activities

 

 

 

Three Months Ended March 31,

 

 

 

2006

 

2005

 

Change

 

 

 

(in millions)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Operating income

 

$

18

 

$

36

 

$

(18

)

Depreciation and amortization

 

81

 

108

 

(27

)

(Gains) losses on sales of assets and emission allowances, net

 

(151

)

1

 

(152

)

Net unrealized gains on energy derivatives

 

(23

)

(124

)

101

 

Western states and Cornerstone settlement payments

 

(155

)

 

(155

)

Margin deposits on energy trading and hedging activities, net

 

120

(1)

(226

)(2)

346

 

Change in accounts and notes receivable and accounts payable, net

 

13

 

143

(3)

(130

)

Net option premiums sold (purchased)

 

(14

)

56

 

(70

)

Interest payments

 

(95

)

(79

)

(16

)

Income tax (payments) net of refunds

 

(1

)

4

 

(5

)

Other, net

 

(21

)

22

 

(43

)

Net cash used in continuing operations from operating activities

 

(228

)

(59

)

(169

)

Net cash provided by discontinued operations from operating activities

 

7

 

36

 

(29

)

Net cash used in operating activities

 

$

(221

)

$

(23

)

$

(198

)

 


(1)     Change primarily due to a decrease in counterparty obligations partially offset by a decrease in net unrealized value of our broker accounts.

(2)     Change primarily due to decrease in net unrealized value of our broker accounts.

(3)     Change primarily due to (a) seasonality in our retail energy segment, (b) a decrease in accounts receivable in our wholesale energy segment driven by the discontinuance of the majority of a “provider of last resort” contract at the end of 2004 and (c) a decrease in net power purchase obligations in our wholesale energy segment.

 

Cash Flows — Investing Activities

 

 

 

Three Months Ended March 31,

 

 

 

2006

 

2005

 

Change

 

 

 

(in millions)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Capital expenditures

 

$

(22

)

$

(10

)

$

(12

)

Proceeds from sales of emission allowances

 

188

 

23

 

165

 

Purchases of emission allowances

 

 

(39

)

39

 

Restricted cash

 

(34

)(1)

30

 

(64

)

Other, net

 

4

 

 

4

 

Net cash provided by continuing operations from investing activities

 

136

 

4

 

132

 

Net cash provided by (used in) discontinued operations from investing activities

 

968

 

(4

)

972

 

Net cash provided by investing activities

 

$

1,104

 

$

 

$

1,104

 

 


(1)     Subsequent to the sale of the New York plants, Orion Power Holdings, Inc. is only able to distribute a portion of its cash to Reliant Energy, thus, its classification as restricted cash.

 

33



 

Cash Flows — Financing Activities

 

 

 

Three Months Ended March 31,

 

 

 

2006

 

2005

 

Change

 

 

 

(in millions)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Payments under senior secured term loan due 2010

 

$

(318

)(1)

$

 

$

(318

)

Payments under REMA’s(2) term loans

 

 

(28

)

28

 

Net borrowings under receivables facility

 

 

45

 

(45

)

Net borrowings under senior secured revolver due 2009

 

26

 

8

 

18

 

Proceeds from issuance of stock

 

5

 

6

 

(1

)

Other, net

 

(2

)

2

 

(4

)

Net cash provided by (used in) continuing operations from financing activities

 

(289

)

33

 

(322

)

Net cash used in discontinued operations from financing activities

 

(638

)(1)

 

(638

)

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities

 

$

(927

)

$

33

 

$

(960

)

 


(1)     We used the net proceeds from the sale of our New York plants to pay down debt. See note 14 to our interim financial statements.

(2)     REMA is defined as Reliant Energy Mid-Atlantic Power Holdings, LLC and its consolidated subsidiaries.

 

New Accounting Pronouncements, Significant Accounting Policies and Critical Accounting Estimates

 

New Accounting Pronouncements

 

See note 2 to our interim financial statements.

 

Significant Accounting Policies

 

See note 2 to our consolidated financial statements in our Form 10-K.

 

Critical Accounting Estimates

 

See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Accounting Estimates — New Accounting Pronouncements, Significant Accounting Policies and Critical Accounting Estimates — Critical Accounting Estimates” in Item 7 in our Form 10-K, note 2 to our consolidated financial statements in our Form 10-K and note 1 to our interim financial statements.

 

34



 

ITEM 3.  QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT NON-TRADING AND TRADING ACTIVITIES AND RELATED MARKET RISKS

 

Market Risks and Risk Management

 

Our primary market risk exposure relates to fluctuations in commodity prices. See “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Non-Trading and Trading Activities and Related Market Risks” in Item 7A of our Form 10-K.

 

Non-Trading Market Risks

 

Commodity Price Risk

 

We assess the risk of our non-trading derivatives using a sensitivity analysis that measures the potential loss in fair value based on a hypothetical 10% movement in the underlying energy prices. The loss impacts from our sensitivity analysis are:

 

As of

 

Market Prices

 

Fair Value of
Cash Flow Hedges

 

Earnings Impact of
Other Derivatives

 

Total Potential
Loss in Fair Value

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(in millions)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

March 31, 2006

 

10% decrease

 

$

5

 

$

170

 

$

175

 

December 31, 2005

 

10% decrease

 

19

 

174

 

193

 

 

As of March 31, 2006, the fair values of the contracts related to our net non-trading derivative assets and liabilities are:

 

Source of Fair Value

 

Twelve Months Ending
March 31,
2007

 

Remainder of 2007

 

2008

 

2009

 

2010

 

2011 and
thereafter

 

Total fair
value

 

 

 

(in millions)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Prices actively quoted

 

$

(372

)

$

(90

)

$

(137

)

$

7

 

$

(1

)

$

 

$

(593

)

Prices provided by other external sources

 

89

 

111

 

29

 

(4

)

 

 

225

 

Prices based on models and other valuation methods

 

(13

)

(15

)

88

 

4

 

5

 

24

 

93

 

Total mark-to-market non-trading derivatives

 

(296

)

6

 

(20

)

7

 

4

 

24

 

(275

)

Cash flow hedges

 

(284

)

(88

)

(53

)

(30

)

(29

)

(42

)

(526

)

Total

 

$

(580

)

$

(82

)

$

(73

)

$

(23

)

$

(25

)

$

(18

)

$

(801

)

 

Interest Rate Risk

 

We assess interest rate risks using a sensitivity analysis that measures the potential change in our interest expense based on a hypothetical one percentage point movement in the underlying variable interest rate indices. If interest rates increased (decreased) one percentage point from their March 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005 levels, our annual interest expense would have increased (decreased) by $17 million and $18 million, respectively, and our annual interest expense, net of interest income, would not have changed significantly.

 

We estimated these amounts by considering the impact of hypothetical changes of interest rates on our variable-rate debt adjusted for:  cash and cash equivalents and net margin deposits on energy trading and hedging activities outstanding at the respective balance sheet dates.

 

If interest rates decreased by one percentage point from their March 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005 levels, the fair market values of our fixed-rate debt would have increased by $197 million and $200 million, respectively.

 

35



 

Trading Market Risks

 

As of March 31, 2006, the fair values of the contracts related to our legacy trading positions and recorded as net derivative assets and liabilities are:

 

Source of Fair Value

 

Twelve Months Ending
March 31,
2007

 

Remainder
of 2007

 

2008

 

2009

 

2010

 

2011 and
thereafter

 

Total fair
value

 

 

 

(in millions)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Prices actively quoted

 

$

7

 

$

3

 

$

 

$

 

$

 

$

 

$

10

 

Prices provided by other external sources

 

(3

)

(3

)

11

 

3

 

 

 

8

 

Prices based on models and other valuation methods

 

(13

)

(2

)

(2

)

 

 

 

(17

)

Total

 

$

(9

)

$

(2

)

$

9

 

$

3

 

$

 

$

 

$

1

 

 

Our consolidated realized and unrealized margins relating to these positions are (income (loss)):

 

 

 

Three Months Ended March 31,

 

 

 

2006

 

2005

 

 

 

(in millions)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Realized

 

$

(4

)

$

(16

)

Unrealized

 

14

 

 

Total

 

$

10

 

$

(16

)

 

An analysis of these net derivative assets and liabilities is:

 

 

 

Three Months Ended March 31,

 

 

 

2006

 

2005

 

Fair value of contracts outstanding, beginning of period

 

$

(20

)

$

26

 

Contracts realized or settled

 

(1

)(1)

10

(2)

Contracts transferred to non-trading

 

 

(4

)

Changes in valuation techniques

 

 

 

Changes in fair values attributable to market price and other market changes

 

22

 

(7

)

Fair value of contracts outstanding, end of period

 

$

1

 

$

25

 

 


(1)     Amount includes realized loss of $4 million offset by deferred settlements of $(5) million.

(2)     Amount includes realized loss of $16 million offset by deferred settlements of $6 million.

 

The daily value-at-risk for most of our legacy trading positions is:

 

 

 

2006(1)

 

2005

 

 

 

(in millions)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

As of March 31

 

$

2

 

$

1

 

Three months ended March 31:

 

 

 

 

 

Average

 

4

 

2

 

High

 

7

 

3

 

Low

 

2

 

 

 


(1)     The major parameters for calculating daily value-at-risk remain the same during 2006 as disclosed in “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Non-Trading and Trading Activities and Related Market Prices” in Item 7A of our Form 10-K.

 

36



 

ITEM 4.      CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

 

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

 

Our management, with the participation of our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, have evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (1934 Act)) as of March 31, 2006, the end of the period covered by this Form 10-Q. Based on this evaluation, our chief executive officer and chief financial officer concluded that, as of March 31, 2006, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective.

 

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

 

There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the 1934 Act) during the period ended March 31, 2006, that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

 

PART II.
OTHER INFORMATION

 

ITEM 1.  LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

 

See note 10 to our interim financial statements in this Form 10-Q.

 

ITEM 2.  UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

 

In the first quarter of 2006, we issued 27,730 shares of unregistered common stock for warrants and 154,488 shares of unregistered common stock for $786,344 in cash pursuant to warrant exercises under an exemption pursuant to Section 4(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

 

ITEM 6.  EXHIBITS

 

Exhibits.

 

See Index of Exhibits.

 

37



 

SIGNATURE

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

 

 

RELIANT ENERGY, INC.

 

(Registrant)

 

 

 

 

May 10, 2006

 

By:

/s/ Thomas C. Livengood

 

 

Thomas C. Livengood

 

Senior Vice President and Controller
(Duly Authorized Officer and Chief Accounting Officer)

 



 

INDEX OF EXHIBITS

 

Exhibits not incorporated by reference to a prior filing are designated by a cross (+); all exhibits not so designated are incorporated herein by reference to a prior filing as indicated. The exhibits with the asterisk symbol (*) are compensatory arrangements filed pursuant to Item 601(b)(10)(iii) of Regulation S-K.

 

Exhibit
Number

 

Document Description

 

Report or Registration
Statement

 

SEC File or
Registration
Number

 

Exhibit
Reference

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

3.1

 

Restated Certificate of Incorporation

 

Reliant Energy, Inc.’s Amendment No. 8 to Registration Statement on Form S-1 dated April 27, 2001

 

333-48038

 

3.1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

3.2

 

Second Amended and Restated Bylaws

 

Reliant Energy, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated September 21, 2004

 

1-16455

 

99.1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

3.3

 

Certificate of Ownership and Merger Merging a Wholly-owned Subsidiary into Registrant Pursuant to Section 253 of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware, effective as of April 26, 2004

 

Reliant Energy, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated April 26, 2004

 

1-16455

 

3.1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

4.1

 

Registrant has omitted instruments with respect to long-term debt in an amount that does not exceed 10% of the registrant’s total assets and its subsidiaries on a consolidated basis and hereby undertakes to furnish a copy of any such agreement to the Securities and Exchange Commission upon request

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

+*10.1

 

Form of Long-Term Incentive Plan Quarterly Common Stock and Premium Restricted Stock Award Agreement for Directors

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

10.2

 

Settlement Agreement between Reliant Energy, Inc. and Seneca Capital, L.P., dated as of April 18, 2006

 

Reliant Energy, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated April 18, 2006

 

1-16455

 

10.1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

+31.1

 

Certification of the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

+31.2

 

Certification of the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

+32.1

 

Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Subsections (a) and (b) of Section 1350, Chapter 63 of Title 18, United States Code as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

+99.1

 

Reliant Energy, Inc.’s note 12 to its consolidated financial statements in its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2005

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

38