PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT |
Filed
pursuant to Rule 424(b)(5)
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(To prospectus dated January 25, 2008) |
Regisitration
No. 333-148653
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Page
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Prospectus
Supplement
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S-ii
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Cautionary
Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
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S-iii
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Risk
Factors
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S-1 | |||
Description
of the Series A Preferred Stock
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S-2 | |||
Supplemental
Federal Income Tax Considerations
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S-6 | |||
Plan
of Distribution
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S-7 | |||
Where
You Can Find More Information
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S-8 | |||
Prospectus
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||||
Risk
Factors
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1 | |||
About
This Prospectus
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2 | |||
Where
You Can Find More Information
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2 | |||
Cautionary
Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
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4 | |||
The
Company
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5 | |||
Use
of Proceeds
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6 | |||
Ratio
of Earnings to Fixed Charges and Earnings to Combined Fixed Charges and
Preferred Stock Dividends
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7 | |||
Description
of Common Stock
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8 | |||
Certain
Provisions of Maryland Law and of Our Charter and Bylaws
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10 | |||
Partnership
Agreement
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15 | |||
Description
of Preferred Stock
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19 | |||
Restrictions
on Ownership
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25 | |||
Description
of Debt Securities
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28 | |||
Federal
Income Tax Consequences of Our Status as a REIT
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33 | |||
Other
Tax Consequences
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50 | |||
Book-Entry
Securities
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51 | |||
Plan
of Distribution
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52 | |||
53 | ||||
Experts
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53 |
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·
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our
ability to renew leases as they expire or lease-up vacant
space;
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·
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our
ability to make additional investments in a timely manner or on acceptable
terms;
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·
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current
credit market conditions and our ability to obtain long-term financing for
our asset investments in a timely manner and on terms that are consistent
with those we project when we invest in the
asset;
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·
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access
to capital markets and capital market
conditions;
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·
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adverse
changes in the financial condition of the tenants underlying our
investments;
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·
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our
ability to make scheduled payments on our debt
obligations;
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·
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increases
in our financing costs (including as a result of LIBOR rate increases),
our general and administrative costs and/or our property
expenses;
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·
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changes
in our industry, the industries of our tenants, interest rates or the
general economy;
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·
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impairments
in the value of the collateral underlying our
investments;
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·
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the
degree and nature of our competition;
and
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·
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the
other factors discussed in this prospectus supplement, the accompanying
prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference into this
prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus, including those
described under the caption “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our
Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31,
2009.
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·
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the
redemption date;
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·
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the
redemption price;
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·
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the
number of shares of Series A preferred stock to be
redeemed;
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·
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the
place or places where the certificates for the shares of Series A
preferred stock are to be surrendered for payment;
and
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·
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that
dividends on the shares of Series A preferred stock to be redeemed
will cease to accrue on the redemption
date.
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·
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is
“substantially disproportionate” with respect to the holder’s interest in
our stock;
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·
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results
in a “complete termination” of the holder’s interest in all classes of our
stock; or
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·
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is
“not essentially equivalent to a dividend” with respect to the holder, all
within the meaning of Section 302(b) of the
Code.
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Per
Share
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Total
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|||||||
Public
offering price
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$ | 25.18 | $ | 25,179,000.00 | ||||
Underwriting
commissions (1.5%)
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$ | 0.38 | $ | 377,685.00 | ||||
Proceeds,
before expenses to us
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$ | 24.80 | $ | 24,801,315.00 |
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·
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shares
of our preferred stock;
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·
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shares
of our common stock; and
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·
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our
debt securities, which may be senior or
subordinated.
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·
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our
Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006 filed
with the SEC on March 7, 2007;
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·
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our
Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q for the quarters ended March 31, 2007
filed with the SEC on May 10, 2007, June 30, 2007 filed with the SEC
on August 9, 2007, and September 30, 2007 filed with the SEC on
November 7, 2007;
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·
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our
Current Reports on Form 8-K or Form 8-K/A, as the case may be,
filed with the SEC on February 20, 2007, March 16, 2007,
April 19, 2007 (excluding the item 2.02 information and related
exhibit), May 10, 2007, May 29, 2007, July 20, 2007,
July 31, 2007, August 29, 2007, October 9, 2007 (excluding the
item 7.01 information and related exhibit), December 12, 2007 and December
20, 2007; and
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·
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our
Registration Statement on Form 8-A, which incorporates by reference the
description of our common stock from our Registration Statement on Form
S-11 (Reg. No. 333-110644), and all reports filed for the purpose of
updating such description.
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·
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our
ability to make additional investments in a timely manner or on acceptable
terms;
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·
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our
ability to obtain long-term financing for our asset investments in a
timely manner and on terms that are consistent with those we project when
we invest in the asset;
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·
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adverse
changes in the financial condition of the tenants underlying our
investments;
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·
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increases
in our financing costs, our general and administrative costs and/or our
property expenses;
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·
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changes
in our industry, the industries of our tenants, interest rates or the
general economy;
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·
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the
success of our hedging strategy;
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·
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our
ability to raise additional
capital;
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·
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impairments
in the value of the collateral underlying our
investments;
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·
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the
degree and nature of our competition;
and
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·
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the
other factors discussed in this prospectus and the documents incorporated
by reference into this prospectus.
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·
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approximately
$2.1 billion total investment portfolio measured by carry value before
depreciation and amortization;
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·
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78%
owned real properties (approximately $1.7 billion) and 22% primarily loans
and mortgage securities (approximately $474.3 million);
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·
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approximately
90% invested (approximately $1.9 billion) in owned properties and loans on
properties where the underlying tenant was rated investment grade or
implied investment grade, and in investment grade rated real estate
securities;
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·
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weighted
average underlying tenant credit rating of A-; and
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·
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weighted
average underlying tenant remaining lease term of approximately 11
years.
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Nine
Months Ended
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Year
Ended
December
31,
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September
30, 2007
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2006
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2005
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2004
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2003
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2002
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Ratio
of earnings to fixed charges
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0.98 | 1.11 | 1.11 | 1.48 | 4.06 | 1.28 | ||||||||||||||||||
Ratio
of earnings to combined fixed charges and preferred stock
dividends
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0.95 | 1.07 | 1.09 | 1.48 | 4.06 | 1.28 |
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·
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any
person who beneficially owns 10% or more of the voting power of our stock;
or
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·
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an
affiliate or associate of ours who, at any time within the two-year period
prior to the date in question, was the beneficial owner of 10% or more of
the voting power of our then-outstanding voting
stock.
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·
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80%
of the votes entitled to be cast by holders of our then-outstanding shares
of voting stock; and
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·
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two-thirds
of the votes entitled to be cast by holders of our voting stock other than
stock held by the interested stockholder with whom or with whose affiliate
the business combination is to be effected or stock held by an affiliate
or associate of the interested
stockholder.
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one-tenth
or more but less than one-third;
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one-third
or more but less than a majority; or
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a
majority or more.
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a
classified board;
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·
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a
two-thirds vote requirement for removing a
director;
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·
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a
requirement that the number of directors be fixed only by vote of the
directors;
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·
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a
requirement that a vacancy on the board be filled only by the remaining
directors and for the remainder of the full term of the directorship in
which the vacancy occurred; and
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·
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a
majority requirement for the calling of a special meeting of
stockholders.
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·
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actual
receipt of an improper benefit or profit in money, property or services;
or
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·
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active
and deliberate dishonesty established by a final judgment and which is
material to the cause of action.
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·
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the
act or omission of the director or officer was material to the matter
giving rise to the proceeding and was committed in bad faith or was the
result of active and deliberate
dishonesty;
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·
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the
director or officer actually received an improper personal benefit in
money, property or services; or
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·
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in
a criminal proceeding, the director or officer had reasonable cause to
believe that the act or omission was
unlawful.
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·
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a
written affirmation by the director or officer of his or her good faith
belief that he or she has met the standard of conduct necessary for
indemnification; and
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·
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a
written undertaking to repay the amount advanced if the standard of
conduct is not met.
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pursuant
to our notice of the meeting;
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·
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by
or at the direction of our board of directors;
or
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·
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by
a stockholder who is a stockholder of record both at the time of the
provision of notice and at the time of the meeting, who is entitled to
vote at the meeting and who complied with the advance notice procedures
set forth in our bylaws.
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·
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pursuant
to our notice of the meeting;
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·
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by
or at the direction of our board of directors;
or
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·
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provided
that our board of directors has determined that directors shall be elected
at such meeting, by a stockholder who is a stockholder of record both at
the time of the provision of notice and at the time of the meeting, who is
entitled to vote at the meeting and who complied with the advance notice
provisions set forth in our bylaws.
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·
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we
receive the consent of limited partners (other than our company or its
subsidiaries) holding more than 50% of the partnership interests of the
limited partners;
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·
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as
a result of such transaction all limited partners will receive for each
partnership unit an amount of cash, securities or other property equal in
value to the greatest amount of cash, securities or other property paid in
the transaction to a holder of one share of our common stock, provided
that if, in connection with the transaction, a purchase, tender or
exchange offer shall have been made to and accepted by the holders of more
than 50% of the outstanding shares of our common stock, each holder of
partnership units will be given the option to exchange its partnership
units for the greatest amount of cash, securities or other property that a
limited partner would have received had it (i) exercised its redemption
right (described below) and (ii) sold, tendered or exchanged pursuant to
the offer shares of our common stock received upon exercise of the
redemption right immediately prior to the expiration of the offer;
or
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·
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we
are the surviving entity in the transaction and either (i) our
stockholders do not receive cash, securities or other property in the
transaction or (ii) all limited partners (other than our company or its
subsidiaries) receive for each partnership unit an amount of cash,
securities or other property having a value that is no less than the
greatest amount of cash, securities or other property received in the
transaction by our stockholders for a share of our common
stock.
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result
in any person owning, directly or indirectly, shares of common stock in
excess of the stock ownership limits in our
charter;
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·
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result
in our shares of our common stock being owned by fewer than 100 persons
(determined without reference to any rules of
attribution);
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result
in our being “closely held” within the meaning of section 856(h) of the
Code;
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cause
us to own, actually or constructively, 10% or more of the ownership
interests in a tenant of our or a subsidiary’s real property, within the
meaning of section 856(d)(2)(B) of the Code;
or
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·
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cause
the acquisition of common stock by such redeeming limited partner to be
“integrated” with any other distribution of common stock for purposes of
complying with the registration provisions of the Securities
Act.
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·
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a
limited partner may not exercise the redemption right for fewer than 1,000
partnership units or, if such limited partner holds fewer than 1,000
partnership units, the limited partner must redeem all of the partnership
units held by such limited partner;
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·
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a
limited partner may not exercise the redemption right for more than the
number of partnership units that would, upon redemption, result in such
limited partner or any other person owning, directly or indirectly, common
stock in excess of the ownership limitation in our charter;
and
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·
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a
limited partner may not exercise the redemption right more than two times
annually.
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all
expenses relating to our continuity of existence and our subsidiaries’
operations;
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all
expenses relating to offerings and registration of
securities;
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all
expenses associated with the preparation and filing of any of our periodic
or other reports and communications under federal, state or local laws or
regulations;
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all
expenses associated with our compliance with laws, rules and regulations
promulgated by any regulatory body;
and
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all
of our other operating or administrative costs incurred in the ordinary
course of business on behalf of the operating
partnership.
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our
bankruptcy, dissolution, removal or withdrawal (unless the limited
partners elect to continue the
partnership);
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the
passage of 90 days after the sale or other disposition of all or
substantially all the assets of the
partnership;
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the
redemption of all limited partnership units (other than those held by us,
if any); or
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an
election by us in our capacity as the general
partner.
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the
title and stated value of such preferred
stock;
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·
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the
number of shares of such preferred stock offered, the liquidation
preference per share and the offering price of such preferred
stock;
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the
dividend rate(s), period(s) and/or payment date(s) or method(s) of
calculation thereof applicable to such preferred
stock;
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whether
dividends shall be cumulative or non-cumulative and, if cumulative, the
date from which dividends on such preferred stock shall
accumulate;
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the
procedures for any auction and remarketing, if any, for such preferred
stock;
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the
provisions for a sinking fund, if any, for such preferred
stock;
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the
provisions for redemption, if applicable, of such preferred
stock;
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any
listing of such preferred stock on any securities
exchange;
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the
terms and conditions, if applicable, upon which such preferred stock will
be convertible into our common stock, including the conversion price (or
manner of calculation thereof) and conversion
period;
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any
voting rights of such preferred
stock;
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·
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a
discussion of any material U.S. federal income tax considerations
applicable to such preferred stock;
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·
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the
relative ranking and preferences of such preferred stock as to dividend
rights and rights upon our liquidation, dissolution or winding
up;
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any
limitations on issuance of any class or series of preferred stock ranking
senior to or on a parity with such class or series of preferred stock as
to dividend rights and rights upon our liquidation, dissolution or winding
up;
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any
other limitations on actual and constructive ownership and restrictions on
transfer, in each case as may be appropriate to preserve our status as a
REIT; and
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any
other specific terms, preferences, rights, limitations or restrictions of
such preferred stock.
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senior
to all classes or series of our common stock, and to all equity securities
ranking junior to such preferred
stock;
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on
a parity with all equity securities issued by us, the terms of which
specifically provide that such equity securities rank on a parity with the
preferred stock; and
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junior
to all equity securities issued by us, the terms of which specifically
provide that such equity securities rank senior to the preferred
stock.
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if
such class or series of preferred stock has a cumulative dividend, full
cumulative dividends have been or contemporaneously are declared and paid
or declared and a sum sufficient for the payment thereof irrevocably set
apart for such payment on such class or series of preferred stock for all
past dividend periods and the then current dividend period;
or
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·
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if
such class or series of preferred stock does not have a cumulative
dividend, full dividends for the then current dividend period have been or
contemporaneously are declared and paid or declared and a sum sufficient
for the payment thereof irrevocably set apart for such payment on such
class or series of preferred stock.
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·
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if
such class or series of preferred stock has a cumulative dividend, full
cumulative dividends on such class or series of preferred stock have been
or contemporaneously are declared and paid or declared and a sum
sufficient for the payment thereof irrevocably set apart for payment for
all past dividend periods and the then current dividend period,
and
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·
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if
such series of preferred stock does not have a cumulative dividend, full
dividends on the preferred stock of such series have been or
contemporaneously are declared and paid or declared and a sum sufficient
for the payment thereof irrevocably set apart for payment for the then
current dividend period,
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·
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the
number of shares of preferred stock that we will
redeem;
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the
dates on or the period during which we will redeem the shares;
and
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·
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the
redemption price that we will pay per share, together with an amount equal
to all accrued and unpaid dividends thereon (which shall not, if such
preferred stock does not have a cumulative dividend, include any
accumulation in respect of unpaid dividends for prior dividend periods) to
the date of redemption.
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·
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if
such class or series of preferred stock has a cumulative dividend, full
cumulative dividends on all shares of any class or series of preferred
stock shall have been or contemporaneously are declared and paid or
declared and a sum sufficient for the payment thereof irrevocably set
apart for payment for all past dividend periods and the then current
dividend period, and
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·
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if
such class or series of preferred stock does not have a cumulative
dividend, full dividends on the preferred stock of any series have been or
contemporaneously are declared and paid or declared and a sum sufficient
for the payment thereof irrevocably set apart for payment for the then
current dividend period,
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·
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if
such class or series of preferred stock has a cumulative dividend, full
cumulative dividends on all shares of any class or series of preferred
stock have been or contemporaneously are declared and paid or declared and
a sum sufficient for the payment thereof irrevocably set apart for payment
for all past dividend periods and the then current dividend period,
and
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·
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if
such class or series of preferred stock does not have a cumulative
dividend, full dividends on the preferred stock of any class or series
have been or contemporaneously are declared and paid or declared and a sum
sufficient for the payment thereof irrevocably set apart for payment for
the then current dividend period,
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·
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the
redemption date;
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the
number of shares and class or series of the preferred stock to be
redeemed;
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·
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the
redemption price;
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·
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the
place or places where certificates for such preferred stock are to be
surrendered for payment of the redemption
price;
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·
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that
dividends on the shares to be redeemed will cease to accrue on such
redemption date; and
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·
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the
date upon which the holder’s conversion rights, if any, as to such shares
will terminate.
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any
person from beneficially or constructively owning shares of our stock that
would result in us being “closely held” under Section 856(h) of the
Code;
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·
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any
transfer of shares of our stock if that would result in our stock being
beneficially owned by fewer than 100 persons;
and
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·
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any
transfer of shares of our stock that would cause us to own, directly or
indirectly, 10% or more of the ownership interests in a tenant of our
company (or a tenant of any entity owned or controlled by
us).
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·
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rescind
as void any vote cast by a Prohibited Owner prior to our discovery that
such shares have been transferred to the trustee;
and
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·
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recast
such vote in accordance with the desires of the trustee acting for the
benefit of the trust’s beneficiary.
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the
price paid by the Prohibited Owner for the shares or, if the Prohibited
Owner did not give value for the shares in connection with the event
causing the shares to be held in the charitable trust (for example, in the
case of a gift or devise) the market price of the shares on the day of the
event causing the shares to be held in the charitable trust;
and
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the
price per share received by the trustee from the sale or other disposition
of the shares held in the charitable
trust.
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such
shares will be deemed to have been sold on behalf of the charitable trust;
and
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·
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to
the extent that the Prohibited Owner received an amount for such shares
that exceeds the amount that the Prohibited Owner was entitled to receive
as described above, the excess must be paid to the trustee upon
demand.
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the
price per share in the transaction that resulted in such transfer to the
charitable trust (or, in the case of a gift or devise, the market price at
the time of the gift or devise);
and
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the
market price on the date we, or our designee, accept such
offer.
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the
title or designation;
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any
limit on the principal amount that may be
issued;
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whether
or not we will issue the series of debt securities in global form, the
terms and the depository;
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the
maturity date;
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the
annual interest rate, which may be fixed or variable, or the method for
determining the rate and the date interest will begin to accrue, the dates
interest will be payable and the regular record dates for interest payment
dates or the method for determining such
dates;
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whether
or not the debt securities will be secured or unsecured, and the terms of
any secured debt;
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the
terms of the subordination of any series of subordinated
debt;
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the
place where payments will be
payable;
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our
right, if any, to defer payment of interest and the maximum length of any
such deferral period;
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the
date, if any, after which, and the price at which, we may, at our option,
redeem the series of debt securities pursuant to any optional redemption
provisions;
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·
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the
date, if any, on which, and the price at which we are obligated, pursuant
to any mandatory sinking fund provisions or otherwise, to redeem, or at
the holder’s option to purchase, the series of debt
securities;
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·
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whether
the indenture will restrict our ability to pay dividends, or will require
us to maintain any asset ratios or
reserves;
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·
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whether
we will be restricted from incurring any additional
indebtedness;
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·
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a
discussion on any material or special U.S. federal income tax
considerations applicable to the debt
securities;
|
·
|
the
denominations in which we will issue the series of debt securities, if
other than denominations of $1,000 and any integral multiple thereof;
and
|
·
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any
other specific terms, preferences, rights or limitations of, or
restrictions on, the debt
securities.
|
·
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if
we fail to pay interest when due and our failure continues for a number of
days to be stated in the indenture and the time for payment has not been
extended or deferred;
|
·
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if
we fail to pay the principal, or premium, if any, when due and the time
for payment has not been extended or
delayed;
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·
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if
we fail to observe or perform any other covenant contained in the debt
securities or the indentures, other than a covenant specifically relating
to another series of debt securities, and our failure continues for a
number of days to be stated in the indenture after we receive notice from
the indenture trustee or holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal
amount of the outstanding debt securities of the applicable series;
and
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·
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if
specified events of bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization occur as to
us.
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·
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the
direction given by the holder is not in conflict with any law or the
applicable indenture; and
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·
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subject
to its duties under the Trust Indenture Act, the indenture trustee need
not take any action that might involve it in personal liability or might
be unduly prejudicial to the holders not involved in the
proceeding.
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the
holder has given written notice to the indenture trustee of a continuing
event of default with respect to that
series;
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the
holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding
debt securities of that series have made written request, and such holders
have offered reasonable indemnity to the indenture trustee to institute
the proceeding as trustee; and
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the
indenture trustee does not institute the proceeding, and does not receive
from the holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the
outstanding debt securities of that series other conflicting directions
within 60 days after the notice, request and
offer.
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to
fix any ambiguity, defect or inconsistency in the indenture;
and
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to
change anything that does not materially adversely affect the interests of
any holder of debt securities of any
series.
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extending
the fixed maturity of the series of debt
securities;
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reducing
the principal amount, reducing the rate of or extending the time of
payment of interest, or any premium payable upon the redemption of any
debt securities; or
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reducing
the percentage of debt securities, the holders of which are required to
consent to any amendment.
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register
the transfer or exchange of debt securities of the
series;
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replace
stolen, lost or mutilated debt securities of the
series;
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maintain
paying agencies;
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hold
monies for payment in trust;
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compensate
and indemnify the indenture trustee;
and
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appoint
any successor indenture trustee.
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issue,
register the transfer of, or exchange any debt securities of that series
during a period beginning at the opening of business 15 days before the
day of mailing of a notice of redemption of any debt securities that may
be selected for redemption and ending at the close of business on the day
of the mailing; or
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register
the transfer of or exchange any debt securities so selected for
redemption, in whole or in part, except the unredeemed portion of any debt
securities we are redeeming in
part.
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the
tax consequences to you may vary depending on your particular tax
situation;
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special
rules that are not discussed below may apply to you if, for example, you
are a tax-exempt organization, a broker-dealer, a trust, an estate, a
cooperative, a regulated investment company, a financial institution, an
insurance company, a partnership or other pass-through entity (or a
partner or member thereof) that holds our notes or shares, or are
otherwise subject to special tax treatment under the
Code;
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this
summary does not address state, local or non-U.S. tax considerations;
and
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this
discussion is not intended to be, and should not be construed as tax
advice.
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We
will pay federal income tax on taxable income, including net capital gain,
that we do not distribute to stockholders during, or within a specified
time period after, the calendar year in which the income is
earned.
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We
may be subject to the “alternative minimum tax” on items of tax
preference.
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We
will pay income tax at the highest corporate rate
on:
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net
income from the sale or other disposition of property acquired through
foreclosure (“foreclosure property”) that we hold primarily for sale to
customers in the ordinary course of business,
and
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other
non-qualifying income from foreclosure
property.
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We
will pay a 100% tax on net income from sales or other dispositions of
property, other than foreclosure property, that we hold primarily for sale
to customers in the ordinary course of
business.
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If
we fail to satisfy one or both of the 75% gross income test or the 95%
gross income test, as described below under “Requirements for
Qualification—Income Tests,” and nonetheless continue to qualify as a REIT
because we meet other requirements, we will pay a 100% tax
on:
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·
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the
greater of (i) the amount by which we fail the 75% gross income test or
(ii) the amount by which 95% (90% for taxable years prior to 2005) of our
gross income exceeds the amount of our income qualifying under the 95%
gross income test, multiplied by
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a
fraction intended to reflect our
profitability.
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In
the event of a more than de minimis failure of any of the asset tests
occurring after January 1, 2005, as described below under “—Requirements
for Qualification—Asset Tests,” as long as the failure was due to
reasonable cause and not to willful neglect and we dispose of the assets
or otherwise comply with the asset tests within six months after the last
day of the applicable quarter, we will pay a tax equal to the greater of
$50,000 or 35% of the net income from the nonqualifying assets during the
period in which we failed to satisfy the asset test or
tests.
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If
we fail to satisfy one or more requirements for REIT qualification during
a taxable year beginning on or after January 1, 2005, other than a gross
income test or an asset test, we will be required to pay a penalty of
$50,000 for each such failure.
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If
we fail to distribute during a calendar year at least the sum
of:
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·
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85%
of our REIT ordinary income for the calendar
year,
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95%
of our REIT capital gain net income for the calendar year,
and
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·
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any
undistributed income required to be distributed from earlier
periods,
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We
may elect to retain and pay income tax on our net long-term capital gain.
In that case, a U.S. stockholder would be taxed on its proportionate share
of our undistributed long-term capital gain (to the extent that we make a
timely designation of such gain to the stockholder) and would receive a
credit or refund for its proportionate share of the tax we
paid.
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We
will be subject to a 100% tax on transactions with a taxable REIT
subsidiary that are not conducted on an arm’s-length
basis.
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If
we acquire any asset from a C corporation, or a corporation that generally
is subject to full corporate-level tax, in a merger or other transaction
in which we acquire a basis in the asset that is determined by reference
either to the C corporation’s basis in the asset or to another asset, we
will pay tax at the highest regular corporate rate applicable if we
recognize gain on the sale or disposition of the asset during the 10-year
period after we acquire the asset. The amount of gain on which we will pay
tax is the lesser of:
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the
amount of gain that we recognize at the time of the sale or disposition,
and
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the
amount of gain that we would have recognized if we had sold the asset at
the time we acquired it.
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If
we own a residual interest in a real estate mortgage investment conduit,
or REMIC, we will be taxable at the highest corporate rate on the portion
of any excess inclusion income that we derive from the REMIC residual
interests equal to the percentage of our stock that is held in record name
by “disqualified organizations.” Although the law is unclear, similar
rules may apply if we own an equity interest in a taxable mortgage pool.
To the extent that we own a REMIC residual interest or an equity interest
in a taxable mortgage pool through a TRS, we will not be subject to this
tax. For a discussion of “excess inclusion income,” see “—Requirements for
Qualification—Taxable Mortgage Pools and Excess Inclusion Income.” A
“disqualified organization”
includes:
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the
United States;
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any
state or political subdivision of the United
States;
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any
foreign government;
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any
international organization;
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any
agency or instrumentality of any of the
foregoing;
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any
other tax-exempt organization, other than a farmer’s cooperative described
in section 521 of the Internal Revenue Code, that is exempt both from
income taxation and from taxation under the unrelated business taxable
income provisions of the Internal Revenue Code;
and
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any
rural electrical or telephone
cooperative.
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1.
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It
is managed by one or more trustees or
directors.
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2.
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Its
beneficial ownership is evidenced by transferable shares or by
transferable certificates of beneficial
interest.
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3.
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It
would be taxable as a domestic corporation but for the REIT provisions of
the federal income tax laws.
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4.
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It
is neither a financial institution nor an insurance company subject to
special provisions of the federal income tax
laws.
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5.
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At
least 100 persons are beneficial owners of its shares or ownership
certificates.
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6.
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Not
more than 50% in value of its outstanding shares or ownership certificates
is owned, directly or indirectly, by five or fewer individuals, which the
federal income tax laws define to include certain entities, during the
last half of any taxable year.
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7.
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It
elects to be a REIT, or has made such election for a previous taxable
year. and satisfies all relevant filing and other administrative
requirements established by the IRS that must be met to elect and maintain
REIT status.
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8.
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It
meets certain other qualification tests, described below, regarding the
nature of its income and assets and the distribution of its
income.
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substantially
all of its assets consist of debt obligations or interests in debt
obligations;
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more
than 50% of those debt obligations are real estate mortgages or interests
in real estate mortgages as of specified testing
dates;
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the
entity has issued debt obligations that have two or more maturities;
and
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the
payments required to be made by the entity on its debt obligations “bear a
relationship” to the payments to be received by the entity on the debt
obligations that it holds as
assets.
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rents
from real property;
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interest
on debt secured by mortgages on real property or on interests in real
property;
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dividends
or other distributions on. and gain from the sale of, shares in other
REITs;
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gain
from the sale of real estate
assets;
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amounts,
such as commitment fees, received in consideration for entering into an
agreement to make a loan secured by real property, unless such amounts are
determined by income and profits;
and
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income
derived from the temporary investment of new capital that is attributable
to the issuance of our stock or a public offering of our debt with a
maturity date of at least five years and that we receive during the
one-year period beginning on the date on which we received such new
capital.
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are
fixed at the time the leases are entered
into;
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are
not renegotiated during the term of the leases in a manner that has the
effect of basing percentage rent on income or profits;
and
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conform
with normal business practice.
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an
amount that is based on a fixed percentage or percentages of receipts or
sales; and
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an
amount that is based on the income or profits of a debtor, as long as the
debtor derives substantially all of its income from the real property
securing the debt from leasing substantially all of its interest in the
property, and only to the extent that the amounts received by the debtor
would be qualifying “rents from real property” if received directly by a
REIT.
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·
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that
is acquired by a REIT as the result of the REIT having bid on such
property at foreclosure, or having otherwise reduced such property to
ownership or possession by agreement or process of law, after there was a
default or default was imminent on a lease of such property or on
indebtedness that such property
secured;
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for
which the related loan or leased property was acquired by the REIT at a
time when the default was not imminent or anticipated;
and
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for
which the REIT makes a proper election to treat the property as
foreclosure property.
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on
which a lease is entered into for the property that, by its terms, will
give rise to income that does not qualify for purposes of the 75% gross
income test, or any amount is received or accrued, directly or indirectly,
pursuant to a lease entered into on or after such day that will give rise
to income that does not qualify for purposes of the 75% gross income
test;
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on
which any construction takes place on the property, other than completion
of a building or any other improvement, where more than 10% of the
construction was completed before default became imminent;
or
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which
is more than 90 days after the day on which the REIT acquired the property
and the property is used in a trade or business which is conducted by the
REIT, other than through an independent contractor from whom the REIT
itself does not derive or receive any
income.
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our
failure to meet such tests is due to reasonable cause and not due to
willful neglect; and
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following
such failure for any taxable year, a schedule of the sources of our income
is filed in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the
Treasury.
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·
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cash
or cash items, including certain
receivables;
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government
securities;
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interests
in real property, including leaseholds and options to acquire real
property and leaseholds;
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interests
in mortgages on real property;
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stock
in other REITs; and
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investments
in stock or debt instruments during the one-year period following our
receipt of new capital that we raise through equity offerings or offerings
of debt with at least a five-year
term.
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“Straight
debt,” defined as a written unconditional promise to pay on demand or on a
specified date a sum certain in money if (i) the debt is not convertible,
directly or indirectly, into stock, and (ii) the interest rate and
interest payment dates are not contingent on profits, the borrower’s
discretion, or similar factors. “Straight debt” securities do
not include any securities issued by a partnership or a corporation in
which we or any controlled TRS (i.e., a TRS in which we own directly or
indirectly more than 50% of the voting power or value of the stock) holds
non-”straight debt” securities that have an aggregate value of more than
1% of the issuer’s outstanding securities. However, “straight
debt” securities include debt subject to the following
contingencies:
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a
contingency relating to the time of payment of interest or principal, as
long as either (i) there is no change to the effective yield of the debt
obligation, other than a change to the annual yield that does not exceed
the greater of 0.25% or 5% of the annual yield, or (ii) neither the
aggregate issue price nor the aggregate face amount of the issuer’s debt
obligations held by us exceeds $1 million and no more than 12 months of
unaccrued interest on the debt obligations can be required to be prepaid;
and
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a
contingency relating to the time or amount of payment upon a default or
prepayment of a debt obligation, as long as the contingency is consistent
with customary commercial practice;
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Any
loan to an individual or an estate;
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Any
“section 467 rental agreement,” other than an agreement with a related
party tenant;
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Any
obligation to pay “rents from real
property”;
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Any
security issued by a state or any political subdivision thereof, the
District of Columbia, a foreign government of any political subdivision
thereof, or the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, but only if the determination
of any payment thereunder does not depend in whole or in part on the
profits of any entity not described in this paragraph or payments on any
obligation issued by an entity not described in this
paragraph;
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Any
security issued by a REIT;
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Any
debt instrument of an entity treated as a partnership for federal income
tax purposes to the extent of our interest as a partner in the
partnership; or
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Any
debt instrument of an entity treated as a partnership for federal income
tax purposes not described in the preceding bullet points if at least 75%
of the partnership’s gross income, excluding income from prohibited
transactions, is qualifying income for purposes of the 75% gross income
test described above in “—Requirements for Qualification-Income
Tests.”
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·
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we
satisfied the asset tests at the end of the immediately preceding calendar
quarter; and
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the
discrepancy between the value of our assets and the asset test
requirements arose from changes in the market values of our assets and was
not wholly or partly caused by the acquisition of one or more
non-qualifying assets.
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·
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the
sum of
|
·
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90%
of our “REIT taxable income,” computed without regard to the dividends
paid deduction and our net capital gain or loss,
and
|
·
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90%
of our after-tax net income, if any, from foreclosure property,
minus
|
·
|
the
sum of certain items of non-cash
income.
|
·
|
85%
of our REIT ordinary income for such calendar
year,
|
·
|
95%
of our REIT capital gain income for such calendar year,
and
|
·
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the
excess, if any, of the “grossed up required distribution” for the
preceding calendar year over the distributed amount for that preceding
calendar year. The “grossed up required distribution” for any
calendar year is the sum of the taxable income of the REIT for the
calendar year (without regard to the deduction for dividends paid) and all
amounts from earlier years that are not treated as having been distributed
under the provision,
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Because
we may deduct capital losses only to the extent of our capital gains, we
may have taxable income that exceeds our economic
income.
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·
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We
will recognize taxable income in advance of the related cash flow if any
of our mortgage loans or subordinated structured interests in net lease
assets are deemed to have original issue discount. We generally must
accrue original issue discount based on a constant yield method that takes
into account projected prepayments but that defers taking into account
credit losses until they are actually
incurred.
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We
may be required to recognize the amount of any payment projected to be
made pursuant to a provision in a mortgage loan that entitles us to share
in the gain from the sale of, or the appreciation in, the mortgaged
property over the term of the related loan using the constant yield
method, even though we may not receive the related cash until the maturity
of the loan.
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·
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We
may recognize taxable market discount income when we receive the proceeds
from the disposition of, or principal payments on, loans that have a
stated redemption price at maturity that is greater than our tax basis in
those loans, although such proceeds often will be used to make
non-deductible principal payments on related
borrowings.
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·
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We
may recognize taxable income without receiving a corresponding cash
distribution if we foreclose on or make a significant modification to a
loan, to the extent that the fair market value of the underlying property
or the principal amount of the modified loan, as applicable, exceeds our
basis in the original loan.
|
·
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We
may recognize phantom taxable income from any retained ownership interests
in mortgage loans subject to collateralized mortgage obligation debt that
we own.
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·
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a
citizen or resident of the United
States;
|
·
|
a
corporation (including an entity treated as a corporation or partnership
for U.S. federal income tax purposes) created or organized under the laws
of the United States or of a political subdivision of the United
States;
|
·
|
an
estate whose income is subject to U.S. federal income taxation regardless
of its source; or
|
·
|
any
trust if (i) a U.S. court is able to exercise primary supervision over the
administration of such trust and one or more U.S. persons have the
authority to control all substantial decisions of the trust or (ii) it has
a valid election in place to be treated as a U.S.
person.
|
·
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is
a corporation or comes within certain other exempt categories and, when
required, demonstrates this fact;
or
|
·
|
provides
a taxpayer identification number, certifies as to no loss of exemption
from backup withholding, and otherwise complies with the applicable
requirements of the backup withholding
rules.
|
·
|
the
percentage of our dividends that the tax-exempt trust must treat as UBTI
is at least 5%;
|
·
|
we
qualify as a REIT by reason of the modification of the rule requiring that
no more than 50% of our stock be owned by five or fewer individuals that
requires the beneficiaries of the pension trust to be treated as holding
our stock in proportion to their actuarial interests in the pension trust;
and
|
·
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either
|
·
|
at
least one pension trust owns more than 25% of the value of our stock;
or
|
·
|
a
group of pension trusts individually holding more than 10% of the value of
our stock collectively owns more than 50% of the value of our
stock.
|
·
|
a
lower treaty rate applies and the non-U.S. stockholder files an IRS Form
W-8BEN evidencing eligibility for that reduced rate with us,
or
|
·
|
the
non-U.S. stockholder files an IRS Form W-8ECI with us claiming that the
distribution is effectively connected
income.
|
·
|
is
treated as a partnership under Treasury regulations, effective January 1,
1997, relating to entity classification (the “check-the-box regulations”);
and
|
·
|
is
not a “publicly traded”
partnership.
|
·
|
the
purchase by an institution of the offered securities will not at the time
of delivery be prohibited under the laws of any jurisdiction in the U.S.
to which such institution is subject;
and
|
·
|
if
the offered securities are being sold to underwriters, we will have sold
to such underwriters the total principal amount of such securities covered
by such arrangements. Underwriters will not have any responsibility in
respect of the validity of such arrangements or our or such institutional
investors’ performance thereunder.
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